open the associated PDF file - Bees for Development

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CARE Internationa! Uganda
Department of Entomology
Department of Production
Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry
Ministry of Tourism, Trade & Industry
The British Council
Tropical Bee Care Centre
Uganda National Farmers Association
UNDP
United Womens' Apiary
Department of Veterinary Services
Department of Veterinary Services
Department Veterinary Services & Animal Industry
Soroti Honey Heekeepers Association
Department of Livestock Health & Entomology
Kisoro Beekeepers Association
Uganda Honey Bee Keepers Association
Tororo District Bee Farmers Association
Ministry of Agriculture
Green Pastures Organic Ltd
Kabarole Beekeepers Association
TUN ADO Secretariat
The Bee Nest Valley
Address2
Adam Ogora - Project Manager
District Entomologist - Achobi Francis
Entomology Section - Paul Wanube
& Fisheries
S P Kagoda - Permanent Secretary
Barbara Mukasa - Programme Manager
Hilary Besekya Mbabazi - Prog Manager
Captain Esau Tisasira
Private Sector Development Programme
Apiary Development
Apiary Development
Apiary Farming Section
James Mike Esima Chairman
Ministry of Agriculture, Anima! Industry & Fisheries
c/o Project manager
c/o Ramsey Owot
c/o Oketcho Stanslaus, Chairman
Animal Industry & Fisheries
PO Box 386
PO Box 53 18

AddressS
Obong O 0 David - Permanent Secretary
PO Box 80
National Publicity Secretary
Prof Ephraim Kamuntu
PO Box 251
PO Box 51 3
Ndagijimema Robert
PO Box 7 156
POBox 303
PO Box 102
Wobulenzi
PO Box 803
Kampala
PO Box 96
Address4
PO Box 239
PO Box 77
PO Box 93
POBox 102
POBox 7 103
PO Box 7070
Rubirizi
POBox 62 13
POBox 2451 8
PO Box 220
POBox 177
PO Box 302
c/o PO Box 764
Soroti
Entebbe
POBox 188
Kampala
Tororo
Entebbe
Fort Portal
Mbarara District
AddressS
Arua
Apac
Mubende
Entebbe
Kampala
Kampala
Bushenyi
Kampala
Kampala
Wobulenzi
Masindi
Kamuli
Mbarara
Kisoro
Country
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANJDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
UGANDA
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UGANDA

RACTICAL BEEKEEPING
by Trevor Chandler*, Landscope Consulting
Corporation, PO Box 198, Ullooet/BCVOK
1VO, Canada.
A challenge to all beekeepers in the
tropics is to find suitable supports for
beehives. Traditional hives in many
tropical areas are hung in trees and lowered
down only for harvesting. As beekeeping
is modernized, hive densities
increase and intensive management requires
more frequent hive inspections. A
good hive support needs to:
1. be high enough to keep the hive
above the weeds and ground dwelling
pests
2. be low enough to allow hive inspection
and harvesting without climbing
trees
3. be strong enough to hold a hive full
of honey in a level position
4. be resistant to termites and rot
5. be inexpensive and easy to obtain
6. be able to form a barrier to crawling
bee pests such as ants when necessary.
In my years of working with African bees
and beekeepers, I have seen many
clever designs, but no perfect ones. Recently
while working in Uganda, however,
1 saw some excellent examples of
traditional beekeepers using their considerable
knowledge of the resources in
their environments to develop effective,
inexpensive and permanent hive supports
for both traditional and top-bar
type hives. They were using living posts
as hive supports.
Living hive supports are an example
of agroforestry and apiculture coming
together. Agroforestry refers to land use
systems and practises in which woody
perennials are deliberately grown on the
same land management unit as crops
or animals. The multiple use of trees is
important in agroforestry. Trees are valuable
to beekeepers not only because
their flowers produce nectar, but trees
also provide shade for the hives, mated'
als to construct hives, living fences to
protect hives from large animals and
living hive supports to hold hives off the
ground.
In Uganda, at least two of the species
of trees used for living fences are used
for living hive supports:
1. Ficus natalensis, the bark cloth fig
tree, grows well throughout the moist
highland areas of East Africa. It is
used for living fences because it will
grow from a large cutting or stake
Newty established traditional hive on
Ficus support. Note: support has not yet
started to grow.
Traditional hives on Ficus supports.
t p
Living hive supports
for bee hives In the tropics
inserted into the ground at the
beginning of the rain season. It is
also used as a shade tree in coffee
plantations and grazing areas. Its
leaves make an excellent soil building
mulch and, as its common name
implies, its bark is used to make
cloth.
2. Erythnna abyssinica, one of over 110
species of coral trees in the world, is
a member of the legume farni-y well
known for its ability to improve soils
.by fixing atmospheric n>-ogen.
Large sections of stem teka r sot
readily and, being thorny, v. >s e,;r;
monly used as a living fence po ••:.. •

INFORMATION ON UGANDA FROM BEEKEEPING & DEVELOPMENT
(prior to edition 18, Beekeeping & Development was published under the title Newsletter for beekeepers
in tropical and subtropical countries)
UGANDA '
A promotion programme has been
started to introduce more effective
methods of beekeeping throughout
Uganda. This is a joint venture by the
Veterinary Department of the Ministry of
Animal Industry and Fisheries, the Cooperative
for American Relief Everywhere
(CARE) Uganda Ltd., the Uganda
Red Cross and Uganda YMCA.
A ' three day beekeeping seminar
attended by over sixty participants representing
the various Red Cross and
YMCA Clubs throughout Uganda, was
recently conducted at YMCA headquarters
in Kampala. Commenting on the
success of the Seminar, a YMCA official,
Mr. ,Wabwire Muwesa, said that the
introduction of small scale industries
which can easily be embarked upon by
the ordinary Ugandan, will go a long way
in helping to uplift the rural areas. It will
also help to utilise unused land that is
abundant up-country. Mr. Muwesa said
that the Seminar was particularly important
in motivating the participants who
will in turn motivate the clubs members
whom they represent. The YMCA is
using its club system to mobilise the
masses in small scale industries such as
beekeeping, which require little capital.
This venture to promote beekeeping is
intended to enable Uganda to become
self-sufficient in honey as food and to sell
beeiswax and honey to earn foreign exchange.
Efforts have been made through
the relevant ministries to acquire financial
and technical aid from CARE, which
has; given technical assistance and modern
equipment.
Four major honey refinery plants have
been set up at Nakasongola, Nalukolonga,
Mbale and Soroti, and apiary demonstration
firms are being established in
Gulu, Lira, Arua, Nebbi, Kumi, Kitgum,
Kasambya, Mbarara, Namanve, Masaka,
Kamuli, Apach, Amuria and Tororo.
CARE has established a central workshop
at Njeru, Jinja to manufacture
beehives and these will be obtainable
through district veterinary officers and
apiary extension workers.
(Elias Wabwife Muwesa, YMCA, Kampala)
UGANDA *° **,?'
Uganda Beekeepers Association has
recently formed, and the first edition
of their Newsletter has just been
published with the assistance of
CARE-Uganda. The Association
aims to coordinate beekeeping
efforts throughout Uganda, to help
beekeepers make contact with one
another, and to provide an information
and advice centre. The Association
also intends to assist the Uganda
beekeeping industry in developing
the market for honey and beeswax. It
is hoped that groups of beekeepers
and commercial honey packers will
advertise in the UBA Newsletter and
thereby establish contacts with one
another.
Beekeepers in Uganda who wish to
know more about the new Association
should write to: Apiculture Section,
Ministry of Animal Industry
and Fisheries, PO Box 7141, Kampala,
or Apiculture Project, CARE-
Uganda, PO Box 7280, Kampala.

{Continued from page 51)
Drinks section should attract the meadmaking
enthusiasts. Bragod (a honey
beer), three honey drinks suitable for
dinner, and a non alcoholic honey drink.
Do encourage your * brewer' friends to
enter, and why not try yourself?
Smi^JjEMlisitJsai All WBKA
examinations will take place according
to the regulations applying to each
grade of exam. Full details are available
from the WBKA Examinations Board
Secretary, Mr D.H.Ferguson-Thomas,
Erw Lon, LLANWRDA, SA19 8HD.
Education Office^ The ERD committee
agreed to invite applications for the post
of WBKA Education Officer. This
person would liaise with schools in
Wales with the aim of introducing the
craft of beekeeping to its pupils. Also,
the officer would organise training
workshops for teachers who wish to
convey the skills of beekeeping to their
pupils, and encourage them to sit
examinations in beekeeping.
This experiesce couid support skills that
may assist successful applications for
future employment. The development
of these skills could also be used in
providing sources of income to support
diversification projects.
Such a post couid be incorporated in the
services provided at the planned Wales
Apicultsural Centre to support
practising beekeepers and promote the
craft of beekeeping in Wales.
Applications, enclosing a CV, should be
sent to the General Secretary.
Seasonal Beej_OrBoK£ in Wales will,
generally, be on duty during 1998 for
the period 14th Apri!-31st August. The
facility for SBOs to inspect suspect
colonies of bees outside this period, is
52
Summer, iWH
still available. A request for such an
inspection should be made via the RBI
or the WOAD, Pare Cathays,
CAERDYDD CF1 3NQ. (01222-
825111).
The Green Code - The Code of practice
for the safe use of Pesticides, published
by the Pesticides Safety Directorate, has
been revised. A copy of this publication
is available, free of charge, from:-
MAFF Publications, LONDON, SW1A
2XX; Tel: 0645-556000. The
publication will be of particular interest
to Spray Liaison Officers.
New Research on Biological Control of
Varroa. The Countryside Minister, Elliot
Moriey, announced on 22nd April that
a sum of £400,000 would be provided
to fund a research project to find nonchemical
methods to control varroa. The
programme is expected to begin during
the summer of 1998, probably as a joint
project between Rothamstead
Experimental Station and Horticulture
Research International. The funding is
intended to support a four year
programme.
This is a welcome development which
has resulted from successful
negotiations between CONBA (the
Council of National Beekeeping
Associations) and MAFF during the
past two years or so. Regrettably, this
sum is but part of the funding provided
for the UK by the EC to support
beekeeping. CONBA continues to press
the Ministry for the remainder of the EC
funding to be used to support
beekeeping.
1999 CONVENTION
27 MARCH, 1999
#121 Ha£ 1998
GWENYNA YN UGANDA
BEEKEEPING IN UGANDA
fy: Mutcy 7}'e/aui/sA,
^
For nearly nine yean my husband
and I lived and worked in Busoga,
Uganda, running a Teacher Training
College for African students. They
were nearly all from the Basoga
tribe, very good at hunting in the
vast swamps, bush and jungle. I had
a great respect for their harmony
with the natural surroundings. Being
almost on the equator there was no
winter or summer, only wet and dry
seasons. Tree blossom and flowers
were around most of the year. The
students learnt their beekeeping
from older tribe members; Ntensibe
showed me how.
First cut down a Mvule log (a
hardwood) approximately 8-10in in
diameter and 2Vs-3ft long. Cut it in half
lengthwise (equal parts), and hollow out
both halves. In one half bore several
holes along the length. Prepare lengths
of strong twine made from palm fronds
and make a kind of cement from clay
and cow-dung. Now find your wild
bees, probably high up in a hollow tree.
With a band of friends, full of advice
and encouragement from below, you
climb the tree, bare to the waist with no
protection other than a bunch of
smouldering leaves for smoke. With
your panga, a large flat knife, you hack
away at the tree until you reach the
brood and wax. You lower down some
combs of honey to the onlookers, then
transfer as much brood and wax combs
as possible into the half of the log with
no holes. Smear all the edges with the
cow-dung cement and fit the other half
into place, stuffing up the ends with the
dung mixture, and binding it all
together with the twine. Hang it up
close to the hollow tree with the holes
facing downwards to stop the rain
getting in. After a while you can collect
your log, split it open, collect your
honey and hand it in another tree.
I had no knowledge of beekeeping in
those days, but I now think that they
must have either got the queen or eggs.
You see, I never did climb up with
Ntensibe to look for myself!!!
WBKA SALES
T-shirts with various beekeeping logos, in English and Welsh £5.00
Baseball caps with logos, in blue, green or red £4.50
WBKA ties, in blue, green or wine £4.50
Honey recipe books £1.50
or 10 for £10.00
Honey show prize cards, 1st, 2nd and 3rd. — .25p
Castellated spacers and frame runners at very special prices, for collection only.
Please add 10% to cover post and packing.
For more details and orders, please contact the sales officer:
Mr leuan Evans, Glanduar House, Llanybydder, Carmarthesshire, SA40 9RN.
Telephone 01570 480531
________ _ .

UGANDA
A/a /6
Starting beekeepmg in Bunyaruguni
County - Busbenyi
I had never tasted honey before 1 visited
Kabale town in 1979.1 was surprised to
find people drinking their local brew
mixed with honey. 1 enquired how honey
could be collected in such large quantities
and enjoyed the mixture {Enturire)
of honey and brew. I became interested
in developing a honey project in my own
region, 260 km north-east of Kabale.
In 1980,1 visited local beekeepers in
my county who had a few traditional
hives. They took me around their sites.
On approaching them 1 heard a noise
which scared me but the farmers
encouraged me to get near the hives.
The noise increased and it took some
time to reach one of the hives. Finally I
came close and saw how busy the bees
were. After that I was interested to keep
bees on my own site. The traditional
hives are made of shrubs and fibres. I
ordered 10 hives and placed them near
a coffee plantation and stream. I started
on 15 May 1981: on 15 June four hives
had been colonised, by the end of July
all 10 hives had bees. Ever since 1 have
continued looking after my hives and
improved my methods of caring for
them. My income has increased.
In 1985 I approached the Ministry of
Animal Resources, Apiary Section and I
was advised to attend beekeeping seminars
at the District Farm Institute. I have
so far attended four. At these seminars I
learnt how to use top-bar hives and now
abaost all beekeepers in the area use
top-bar hives because of their successful
productive capacity compared with
traditional hives.
In January |986, we met in the
county and incorporated a company
known as "Tropical Projects Ltd". This
company specialises in beekeeping ex-
Jtehsion with the aim of collecting honey
and wax in large quantities.
So far we have 150 beekeepers with
oj

UGANDA
Women's Apiary
The UWA (United Women's Apiary) is an
association of industrious women owning
50 hives in an apiary in Luwero District. As a
means of recovering from the ravages of the
1980-1986 liberation war, these women keep
bees, and refine honey and beeswax for sale
and home consumption.
Reacting to the daily demand for information
on beekeeping from intending beekeepers, UWA
embarked on staging three-day training courses
on "The Principles and Practices of
Beekeeping". The first course in January this
year attracted 11 participants.
Fourteen new beekeepers attended a second
course in March. Further courses are planned
for later in 1997.
Participants pay for their accommodation,
tuition and meals. This unfortunately proves to
be too expensive for some interested people. It
would help us if there was a "good Samaritan"
who could offer to meet some of the expenses
so that even the very poor can take part in
these important courses.
Editor:
I/ you can help you can contact Olivia Makumbi
(Chairperson), c/o Bees for development.
rapidly, harvesting about 3,000 kg ot
honey.
Sanica is in north-west
Bosnia, near Kljuc, an
unpolluted region of
mountain, forest and
pastureland, very rich in
wild flowers. Our honey
achieved high —
quality grades
from the
analysis
centre in
Sarajevo.
We
urgently
need
partners or
distributors to
help us sell our
honey in
international
markets.
Contact Sanica
Beekeepers
c/o Bees for
Development
Page 8 - A Bees ft
§
5o
Uganda
Participants in the three-day beekeeping
course organised recently by the United
Women's Apiary in Wobu/enzi, Uganda.
Information end photograph supplied by
Henry Nsubuga, Secretary of UWA.
^Uganda
Margaret Ogaba, B&D's Correspondent in Uganda, shows off a
marvellous honey display prepared by Kitgum Women's Beekeepers
Association. Well done ladies!

f
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GENDER ISSUES IN BEEKEEPING: THE UGANDA CASE
BY
Margaret Rose Ogaba
Chairperson: Kitgum Women Beekeeping Association (KITWOBEE)
P.O Box 120, Kitgum - Uganda
And
M/S Thelma Akongo
Makerere University
Faculty of Agriculture & Forestry, Science Dept. PO Box 7260,
Kampala - Uganda
A PAPER PRESENTED AT APIMONDIA 2001
STANDING COMMISSION: BEEKEEPING FOR RURAL
DEVELOPMENT
28ra OCTOBER 2001- 1ST NOVEMBER 2001
APIMONDIA XXXVH International Apicultural Congress
ICC, Durban, South Africa
THEME: BEEKEEPING AGAINST POVERTY