Skills for Study Level 2 Teacher's Book - Cambridge University Press

Passage 3aStudies of acupuncture all show that women like to visit acupuncturists more thanmen (for instance Macpherson et al., 2006; Thomas et al., 1988). This is becausewomen always visit doctors more than men. The survey shows that the majority ofpeople going to acupuncturists are between the ages of 35 and 70. Clearly, this isbecause everybody develops health problems as they get older, so they need to visitthe doctor more often.bSeveral recent studies of patients’ reasons for visiting acupuncturists indicate thatwomen tend to visit acupuncturists more than men (for instance Macpherson et al.,2006; Thomas et al., 1988). One possible reason for this is that women tend to visitdoctors of all types more often than men do. Another finding of the survey is that themajority of people visiting acupuncturists are between the ages of 35 and 70. Thismay have something to do with increased health problems in this age group.4 Protecting your position through citation4aSuggested answers1 Probably the first sentence: this is a non-integral citation (outside thesentence) and therefore suggests that the writer has accepted Jones’s claimas fact.2 Probably the second sentence: the writer has used ‘according to Jones’,which is more ambivalent about Jones’s claim than the citations given insentences 1 or 3.The position of the citation in sentence c along with the reporting verb ‘notes’clearly implies that the author wishes to present the information as a viewbelonging to Jones. In contrast, the non-integrated citation at the end of thesentence suggests that the author wishes to present the information as fact.4bSuggested answers1 (C) – Non-integral citations tend to accompany statements of what the authoraccepts as fact.2 (D) – Integral citation shows the writer’s stance with the expression used forthe citation. In this case ‘according to’ implies that the author may not agreewith the source, or is leaving room for doubt.3 (C) – Integral citation with the phrase ‘have proved that’, which seems toimply certainty.4 (D) – Integral citation, using the word ‘claims’ which may imply that the authordoes not agree with the source / leaves room for doubt.4cAnswers1Note: In this passage, most of the citations are non-integral (outside the grammar ofthe sentence) so only one has an introductory sentence.Unit 3 Part C ∙ Investigating 90