1DEVELOPINGA WIDERAUDIENCEWellington band Fur Patrolwent on a nationwide tour in1999 as a support act toestablished <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> rockband Shihad (now Pacifier).As one of the two supportingbands, it went on tourknowing it would lose moneybut its purpose was todevelop a wider nationalaudience – particularly inAuckland, which has thehighest percentage of recordsales nationwide.Fur Patrol’s music can bedescribed as pop-rock andappeals to a cross-section ofmen and women agedbetween 15 and 35 years. Ingeneral, music fans arepredominantly young males.By aligning itself withestablished rock band Shihad,Fur Patrol hoped to give itsimage a harder rock edge.In 2000, Fur Patrol did afollow-up tour as the leadact for the UniversitiesOrientation. Its investmentin the 1999 tour paid off,both financially and in termsof audience development.A product description might look like the following examples:“A festival celebrating <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> children’s writers, including Fleur Beale, David Elliot,Kate de Goldi and Margaret Mahy, at the Christchurch <strong>Arts</strong> Centre from 2 – 4 May, 9amto 5pm each day.”“A contemporary dance show by three female choreographers, exploring the theme ofbody image to be shown at BATS Theatre for five days in the first week of July, from8pm – 9.20pm.”“An 80-minute, collaborative theatre production between two established Mäori andPacific theatre companies, which explores through a love story relationships between Mäoriand Pacific communities. Premieres at SiLO Theatre at the end of October for six eveningshows and two matinees.”These details will help determine your potential audience.Define what’s unique about your event, its points of difference and key selling points. Is itthe company name, the name of the writer or artist, the artform, the subject matter or thetitle? People often refer to a show by what they most recognise. For instance:“Are you going to the ballet?”“Are you going to Swan Lake?”“Are you going to the Royal <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> Ballet?”How you refer to your arts event is covered in more detail in chapter four, Communicatingyour message.Public“A market is a group of people with similar attitudes,” writes Peter Neville-Hadley in Makingthe Most of Marketing (see Appendix, page 73). No event appeals to everyone. Even if you’vegot a broad target market, your event will appeal to some more than others. You should directmost of your resources and time to attracting those who are the most likely to attend.Make a list of all the reasons you think people will come to your event. Then work outwhich of the three target markets – primary, secondary, tertiary – they fit into.For example, look at the theatre example described in Product:• primary target – people who are already favourably disposed to the companies’ work(including friends, family and flatmates)• secondary target – people who are interested in Mäori and Pacific theatre, the arts andissues in general• tertiary target – secondary schools.Imagine that you’ve jumped into a still lake. The ripples around you represent your targetmarkets. The closest ripple to you is your primary target and you can reach it without mucheffort. Your secondary target or ripple is further away from you so you will need to workharder to reach out to it. Reaching the third ripple or target will take still greater effort.Primary targets are primed to come to your show and don’t need as much persuasion astargets that are further away. Spend most of your efforts reaching the primary target andonly move on to the other targets once you feel confident that you’ve reached your primaryone. Attempting to reach people beyond your target groups should be regarded as a longtermgoal.<strong>Smart</strong> arts | Toi huatau10
It’s important to make sure your primary target is well-informed, given easy access to yourwork (see Place for venue and ticketing) and incentives to book in advance (see Incentives,page 47).Having identified your target market, you need to find out as much as you can about it. It iseasier to sell them your event if you know why they might want to come to it. In marketingterms, this is often described as developing a demographic (i.e. age, sex, location etc) andpsychographic (attitudinal) profile.Ask yourself the following questions about your target markets. If you can’t answer themask industry people for help: e.g. your venue manager, industry organisations such asDance Aotearoa <strong>New</strong> <strong>Zealand</strong> (DANZ), Toi Mäori Aotearoa, Artists Alliance or festivalorganisers in your area. If they can’t answer your questions, they’ll be able to point you inthe right direction.Questions to ask about your target markets:• What is their age range and gender?• Where do they work?• Where do they live?• What is it about your work that interests them?• What are their interests?• What do they read, listen to and watch?• What type of images appeal to them?• What language do they speak?• What else have they attended?• Will their contact information be on someone’s database?Also answer these questions if you can:• How much do they earn?• What type of cars do they drive?• How much do they spend on entertainment?• How much are they prepared to spend on your event?• How will they travel to your event?• With whom will they attend: partner, friend, group?1Planning a marketing strategyFUTUREREFERENCEThe answers to these questions will help you reach your target audience without wastingmoney. For instance, when you produce a promotional flyer you’ll know what willattract them to pick it up, what to say in the flyer and where to distribute it (see Tools toget across your message, page 29). The more work you promote to similar targets, themore you get to understand what appeals to them. You can also begin to research andsurvey them to build up information that will help you target your audience moreeffectively. Getting to know your publicis vital. If you’re planning toput on other events, it’s agood idea to gatherinformation for futurereference on who attendsand how they came toattend your event (seeDirect marketing, page 42).Price<strong>Smart</strong> arts | Toi huatau11There are a lot of factors to consider when you set a price for an event. These include theincome you need; how much your target market is prepared to pay; the perceptioncreated through ticket pricing; and the environment in which your event is taking place.You need to achieve a box-office income level that meets your budget. If the tickets aretoo cheap you can give the impression that your product lacks quality. But if they costtoo much, your public may stay away.