Download Full PDF - 28.09 MB - The Society of Irish Foresters
Download Full PDF - 28.09 MB - The Society of Irish Foresters Download Full PDF - 28.09 MB - The Society of Irish Foresters
Trees Woods and Literature- · 7A well-kempt forest begs Our Lady's grace;Someone is not disgusted, or at leastIs laying bets upon the human raceRetaining enough decency to last;The trees encountered on a country strollReveal a lot about a coun1ry's soul.A small grove massacred to the last ash,An oak with heart-rot, give away the show;This great society is going smash;They cannot fool us with how fast they gO',How much they cost each other and the gods.A culture is no better than its woods.llhe dosing stanzas of W oods,rrom ColleCited Shorter Poems1927-1957 by W. H. Auden. R,epl1inted by permission of Faberand Faber Ltd.Wystan Hugh Auden was born in York in 1907, and, apartfrom a short spell of teaching after he left Oxford, and a periodas an ambulance driver for the Republican side during theSpanish Civil War, he has spent his entire working life as a fulltimepoet. At the outbreak of the second world war he emigratedto the United States, and subsequently became an Americancitizen. He was Professor of Poetry at Oxford, a five-yearappointment, from 1956 to 1961.Auden has said that he began writing poetry because at the ageof fifteen a friend suggested that he should: the thought had neveroccurred to him. His first collection of poems was published in1930 and he has since published over 30 books, most of them hisown verse, but including a number of anthologies and somecriticism.He became widely known as the assumed leader of a group ofleft wing poets in England in the 1930s and has been consistentlyregarded as one of the most important and interesting poets of histime. Cecil Day-Lewis, the Irish-born Poet-Laureate, who diedrecently, has been recorded as saying: "In 100 years' time Eliotmay be a literary footnote, but Auden wil! be a giant."
MeetingsInternational Peat Congress-HelsinkiThe fourth International Peat Congress was held in Helsinki,Finland from 25th to 30th June, 1972. Three Irish foresters attended,two from Northern Ireland and one from the Republic.Papers contributed to the formal sessions of the Congress havebeen published by the International Peat Society in 4 volumes. Theydeal respectively with Virgin Peatlands; Peat Industry; Agriculture,Horticulture and Forestry and Peat Chemistry and Physics.Two associated tours in south Finland were of particular relevanceto forestry and dealt mainly with the classification of peatlands anddrainage.Many Finnish peatlands are raised bogs; there are no climaticblanket bogs. Classification is based on A. K. Cajander's system inwhich potential site productivity is determined by natural vegetationtypes. Modern adaptations recognise 3 main divisions: open peatlands,pine swamps and spruce swamps. These are subdividedaccording to ground vegetation. Years of research, particularly intothe effects of drainage and more recently on fertilisers have made itpossible to predict in economic terms the effects of treatmentsapplied to some sites.Responses to drainage of bogs in terms of tree growth are remarkableby Irish standards. This is largely because over most of Finlandprecipitation is about 600 mm a year much of which falls in the wintermonths. Summers are relatively hot and dry so that followingdrainage at 50-70 m spacings and 70 em deep the peat surfacedecomposes releasing nutrients, particularly nitrogen. For comparison,in the west and north of Ireland precipitation is about1,200-2,000 mm and much more evenly spread throughout the year.These conditions favour the formation of blanket bogs and to datelittle, if any, response has been detected to far more intensive drainageregimes.Although drainage in Finland results in substantially lower watertables, tree roots do not penetrate to depths greater than about10-15 cm. This is similar to rooting depths found on peat in Ireland,but Finland, unlike Ireland, does not suffer from gales and windthrowncrops.P. S. SavillGrassland or Forestry, BlessingtonA symposium entitled Grassland or Forestry for Marginal Land,organised by the Irish Society of Agronomy and Land Use, washeld at Blessington, Co. Wicklow on 21st April 1972. Five separate
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Trees Woods and Literature- · 7A well-kempt forest begs Our Lady's grace;Someone is not disgusted, or at leastIs laying bets upon the human raceRetaining enough decency to last;<strong>The</strong> trees encountered on a country strollReveal a lot about a coun1ry's soul.A small grove massacred to the last ash,An oak with heart-rot, give away the show;This great society is going smash;<strong>The</strong>y cannot fool us with how fast they gO',How much they cost each other and the gods.A culture is no better than its woods.llhe dosing stanzas <strong>of</strong> W oods,rrom ColleCited Shorter Poems1927-1957 by W. H. Auden. R,epl1inted by permission <strong>of</strong> Faberand Faber Ltd.Wystan Hugh Auden was born in York in 1907, and, apartfrom a short spell <strong>of</strong> teaching after he left Oxford, and a periodas an ambulance driver for the Republican side during theSpanish Civil War, he has spent his entire working life as a fulltimepoet. At the outbreak <strong>of</strong> the second world war he emigratedto the United States, and subsequently became an Americancitizen. He was Pr<strong>of</strong>essor <strong>of</strong> Poetry at Oxford, a five-yearappointment, from 1956 to 1961.Auden has said that he began writing poetry because at the age<strong>of</strong> fifteen a friend suggested that he should: the thought had neveroccurred to him. His first collection <strong>of</strong> poems was published in1930 and he has since published over 30 books, most <strong>of</strong> them hisown verse, but including a number <strong>of</strong> anthologies and somecriticism.He became widely known as the assumed leader <strong>of</strong> a group <strong>of</strong>left wing poets in England in the 1930s and has been consistentlyregarded as one <strong>of</strong> the most important and interesting poets <strong>of</strong> histime. Cecil Day-Lewis, the <strong>Irish</strong>-born Poet-Laureate, who diedrecently, has been recorded as saying: "In 100 years' time Eliotmay be a literary footnote, but Auden wil! be a giant."