Download Full PDF - 28.09 MB - The Society of Irish Foresters
Download Full PDF - 28.09 MB - The Society of Irish Foresters Download Full PDF - 28.09 MB - The Society of Irish Foresters
Some Forestry Problems in the European Community 5I must mention that, contrary to what has happened in previouscenturies, the forested area is now being increased every year inour six countries. This is, of course, a normal feature in manydeveloped countries today. The net yearly increase may beestimated at 170,000 acres as an average figure of the last 10 years.PRODUCTIONNow let's say a few words about production. Here, I mustapologise if I get muddled with hoppus feet and cubic feet as Ihad to translate cubic metres (without bark) into these units.The total roundwood production is 2,220 million to 2,350 millionh.ft. a year (80 to 85 million cubic meters). This includes anestimate of fuel wood production. It would be more realistic totake into consideration the production of industrial wood (sawingtimber, wood for veneers, poles, pitprops, pulpwood, etc. which in1969 amounted to 1,700 million h.ft. (61.2 million cu.m.) of which56 % was conifer and 44 % broadleaf. Besides about 25% of thetotal is pulpwood (wood for pulp and for particle and fibre boards).This production covers only part of our needs and we importlarge quantities of wood and wood p:oducts from abroad, mainly:Roundwood: about 277 million h.ft. (10 million cu.m) of whichmore than 83 million h.ft. (3 million cu.m.) is tropical wood and110 million h.ft. (4 million cu.m.) · of pulpwood (mainly fromU.S.S.R.).Sawnwood: (Mostly conifer): 332 million cu. ft. (9,450,000 cu.m.),the equivalent wood raw material being 444 million h.ft. (15.8million cu.m.)Pulp and Papeli: 9 million tons, the equivalent wood raw materialbeing 915 million h.ft. (32.8 million cu.m.).The impressive total deficit in the Community is roughly theequivalent wood raw material of 1,636 million h.ft. (58.6 millioncu.m.) almost equal to our production of industrial wood. Moreover,according to the FA.O. study "European timber trends andprospects", this deficit will reach for the present Community, morethan 2,770 million h.ft. (101 million cu.m.) in 1980. Consequentlythe figure will be much larger for the enlarged Community of tenmembers as the four new members have deficits in the:r woodproduction too.Might I add that imports of round and sawn wood are duty free.Other imports of wood products pay customs duties varying from3% to 13 %, the highest duty being on plywood.This deficit will be a major problem in future years. Let usconsider the supply problem for the pulp and paper industry
6 I rish Forestryas an example. This industry imports pulpwood plus about5 million tons of pulp, about half the pulp needed by E.E.C.paper mills. in the past, pulpwood was imported from Scandinavia;this is not possible any more. In 1960 Finland exported44 million h.ft. of pulpwood to E.E.C.; these exports dwindledprogressively and almost came to a halt 4 years ago. Pulpwoodcan still be imported from Canada, USSR, and some EastEuropean countries. How long will this be possible? Thesituation as regards pulp is similar. The industrialised count~riesmay be expected to use their own raw material and pulp more andmore; E.E.C. industry will meet increasing difficulties in obtainingthe supplies it requires.At the same time, the paper industry is expanding at about 6%a year on average and consumption of paper products is increasingat the same rate.In 1970 we consumed 18.8 million .tons of paper products or220 lb. per capita, and the forecast for 1980 is put at more than20 million tons (320 lb. per capita). You must remember that theannual capita consumption in Sweden is already 420 lb. and in theU.S.A. more than 640 lb.It is unnecessary to point out that the paper industry is worriedabout the future and foresees serious difficulties. The industry hastherefore shown great interest in the ManshoIt plan to which Ishall refer later in my talk.lHE E.E.C. DIRECTIVESWhat conseqence does the Rome Treaty have on forestry andforest policies?Silviculture is obviously a part of agriculture, but as wood isnot among the products listed in Appendix II of the Treaty, acommon forestry policy similar to the common agricultural policy isnot possible. To be absolutely accurate, I must say that a few forestproducts such as tree seeds, nursery plants, etc., are in AppendixlI; they have been included in market organisation regulationstogether with agricultural and horticultural seeds, plants andflowers, but they raise no special problem.So, forestry and wood follow the general rules laid down by theTreaty. However, as we shall see later, forestry may be closelyconnected with the common agricultural policy.What are these general rules?Amongst other objectives, a common market aims at the freemovement of workers, goods and capital within the Community.As regards workers, the freedom of establishment and the freedom
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6 I rish Forestryas an example. This industry imports pulpwood plus about5 million tons <strong>of</strong> pulp, about half the pulp needed by E.E.C.paper mills. in the past, pulpwood was imported from Scandinavia;this is not possible any more. In 1960 Finland exported44 million h.ft. <strong>of</strong> pulpwood to E.E.C.; these exports dwindledprogressively and almost came to a halt 4 years ago. Pulpwoodcan still be imported from Canada, USSR, and some EastEuropean countries. How long will this be possible? <strong>The</strong>situation as regards pulp is similar. <strong>The</strong> industrialised count~riesmay be expected to use their own raw material and pulp more andmore; E.E.C. industry will meet increasing difficulties in obtainingthe supplies it requires.At the same time, the paper industry is expanding at about 6%a year on average and consumption <strong>of</strong> paper products is increasingat the same rate.In 1970 we consumed 18.8 million .tons <strong>of</strong> paper products or220 lb. per capita, and the forecast for 1980 is put at more than20 million tons (320 lb. per capita). You must remember that theannual capita consumption in Sweden is already 420 lb. and in theU.S.A. more than 640 lb.It is unnecessary to point out that the paper industry is worriedabout the future and foresees serious difficulties. <strong>The</strong> industry hastherefore shown great interest in the ManshoIt plan to which Ishall refer later in my talk.lHE E.E.C. DIRECTIVESWhat conseqence does the Rome Treaty have on forestry andforest policies?Silviculture is obviously a part <strong>of</strong> agriculture, but as wood isnot among the products listed in Appendix II <strong>of</strong> the Treaty, acommon forestry policy similar to the common agricultural policy isnot possible. To be absolutely accurate, I must say that a few forestproducts such as tree seeds, nursery plants, etc., are in AppendixlI; they have been included in market organisation regulationstogether with agricultural and horticultural seeds, plants andflowers, but they raise no special problem.So, forestry and wood follow the general rules laid down by theTreaty. However, as we shall see later, forestry may be closelyconnected with the common agricultural policy.What are these general rules?Amongst other objectives, a common market aims at the freemovement <strong>of</strong> workers, goods and capital within the Community.As regards workers, the freedom <strong>of</strong> establishment and the freedom
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