Getting Started with CES Selector - Granta Design

Getting Started Guide

Getting Started with CES Selector
These exercises give an easy way to learn to use the CES Selector software. The comprehensive CES Help file
within the software gives more detailed guidance.
There are three main tools in CES Selector:
Brief Description of CES Selector
• BROWSE Explore the database and retrieve records via a hierarchical index or tree.
• SEARCH Find information via a full-text search of records.
• SELECT The central hub of CES Selector, used to apply the Rational Material Selection
methodology. A powerful selection engine that identifies records that meet an
array of design criteria and enables trade-offs between competing objectives.
The following exercises cover the use and functionality of these tools.

Table:
Subset:
Browse Search Select
MaterialUniverse
All bulk materials
MaterialUniverse
Ceramics and glasses
Hybrids: composites, foams etc.
Metals and alloys
Polymers: plastics, elastomers
Browse Search Select
Find what:
Look in table:
Polylactide
MaterialUniverse
© Granta Design, October 2009
Browsing and Searching
Exercise 1 Browse Materials
• Find a record for STAINLESS STEEL
• Find a record for CONCRETE
• Find a record for POLYPROPYLENE
• Open a POLYPROPYLENE record
(Double-click on the record name in the tree)
• Find PROCESSES that can shape POLYPROPYLENE
using the ProcessUniverse LINK at the bottom of the datasheet
Exercise 2 Browse Processes
Browse ProcessUniverse: All processes
• Find a record for INJECTION MOLDING
• Find record for LASER SURFACE HARDENING
• Find record for FRICTION WELDING (METALS)
• Find MATERIALS that can be DIE CAST,
using the LINK at the bottom of the record for
DIE CASTING
Exercise 3 The Search Facility
• Find the material POLYLACTIDE
• Find materials for CUTTING TOOLS
• Find the process RTM
(Part of a material datasheet and attribute note are shown next)
Table:
Subset:
Getting Started with CES Selector 2
Browse Search Select
ProcessUniverse
All processes
ProcessUniverse
Joining
Shaping
Surface treatment

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PP (Copolymer, UV stabilized)
General properties
Designation
Polypropylene (Copolymer, UV stabilized)
Density 0.0325 - 0.0328 lb/in^3
Price * 1.13 - 1.24 USD/lb
Composition overview
Composition (summary)
copolymer of propylene -(CH2-CH(CH3))- and up to 7% ethylene or other comonomer + UV
stabiliser additives
Mechanical properties
Young's modulus 0.179 - 0.183 10^6 psi
Shear modulus * 0.0635 - 0.0651 10^6 psi
Bulk modulus * 0.328 - 0.336 10^6 psi
Poisson's ratio * 0.405 - 0.413
Yield strength (elastic limit) 3.42 - 3.91 ksi
Tensile strength 3.39 - 3.57 ksi
Compressive strength * 4.28 - 4.49 ksi
Flexural strength (modulus of rupture) * 4.53 - 5.21 ksi
Elongation 139 - 865 %
Hardness - Vickers * 7.37 - 7.74 HV
Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles * 1.36 - 1.43 ksi
Fracture toughness * 1.37 - 1.44 ksi.in^1/2
Mechanical loss coefficient (tan delta) * 0.0312 - 0.0328
Thermal properties
Melting point * 292 - 307 °F
Glass temperature -11.2 - 3.2 °F
Maximum service temperature * 148 - 179 °F
Minimum service temperature * -13 - 14 °F
Thermal conductivity * 0.114 - 0.118 BTU.ft/h.ft^2.F
Specific heat capacity * 0.448 - 0.457 BTU/lb.F
Thermal expansion coefficient 65.8 - 67.4 µstrain/°F
Durability to flame, fluids, sunlight
Flammability Slow-burning (UL94: HB)
Fresh water Ver y good
(Click on hyperlinked attribute names for attribute notes, which provide
background information on properties, test notes, and selection guidelines)
© Granta Design, October 2009
Young's modulus
Getting Started with CES Selector 3
Stiffness in tension (also called Tensile Modulus, Elastic Modulus, Modulus of Elasticity).
Test notes
Young's modulus (E) is the slope of the initial linear-elastic part of the stress-strain curve in
tension.
Material selection notes
Use to select materials with sufficient stiffness (high value) or sufficient compliance (low value).
Modulus in tension, flexure, and compression are similar for most materials so can be
interchanged for approximate work.
Typical values:
Flexible plastics and elastomers < 1 GPa
Unfilled plastics 1–4 GPa
Reinforced plastics 5–25 GPa
Ferrous metals 70–250 GPa
Non-ferrous metals 10–310 GPa
Technical ceramics 20–700 GPa
Ceramics and glasses 1–120 GPa
Click to see science note.
(For more information on the property and to drill down to the
underlying science, follow the hyperlink to the science note)

Exercise 4 Making Property Charts
Select MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
• Make a BAR CHART of YOUNG’S MODULUS (E)
(Set y-axis to Young’s modulus; leave x-axis at )
Property Charts
(Click on a few materials to label them; double-click to go to their record in the Data Table)
• Make a BUBBLE CHART of YOUNG’S MODULUS (E) against DENSITY (ρ)
(Set both x-axis and y-axis; the default is a log-log plot)
(Materials can be labeled as before – click and drag to move the labels; use DEL to delete a label)
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© Granta Design, October 2009
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
Getting Started with CES Selector 4
X-axis Y-axis
Density
Single Property
Yield strength
Young's Modulus
etc

Exercise 5 Selection with a Limit Stage
• Find materials with
MAX. SERVICE TEMPERATURE > 200 °C
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY > 25 W/m.k
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY > 1e15 µohm.cm
(Enter the limits – minimum or maximum as appropriate – and click “Apply”)
(Example results: aluminum nitride, alumina, silicon nitride)
=
abibqb=qeb=pq^db=
=
=
© Granta Design, October 2009
Selection using a Limit Stage
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
3. Results
X out of Y pass Rank by: Property A
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3
Material 4
etc.
2130
2100
1950
1876
Getting Started with CES Selector 5
Mechanical properties
Thermal properties
Max. service temperature
Thermal conductivity
Specific heat capacity
Electrical properties
Limit stage
Min Max
200
Electrical resistivity 1e15
µ ohm.cm
Ceramics and glasses
Composites
Metals and alloys
Polymers and elastomers
1
1E+8
1E+20
25
Min Max
°C
W/m.K
J/kg.K
Limit
guidance
bars

Exercise 6 Selection with a Graph Stage
• Make a BAR CHART of YIELD STRENGTH ( σ y ) (on the y-axis)
• Use a BOX SELECTION to find materials with high values of elastic limit (or
strength)
(Click the box icon, then click-drag-release to define the box)
• Add, on the other axis, DENSITY (ρ)
Graph Selection
(Either: highlight Stage 1 in Selection Stages, right-click and choose Edit Stage from the menu;
or double-click the axis to edit)
• Use a BOX SELECTION to find materials with high strength and low density
© Granta Design, October 2009
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
3. Results
X out of Y pass Rank by: Property A
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3
Material 4
etc.
Selection line,
slope 1
2130
2100
1950
1876
Getting Started with CES Selector 6
Yield strength
Yield strength
Selection box
Line
selection
Bar chart
Bubble chart
Density
Box
selection

• Replace the BOX with a LINE SELECTION
the “specific strength”, σ y / ρ
to find materials with high values of
(Click the gradient line icon, then enter slope in the dialog: “1” in this case.
Click on the graph to position the line through a particular point.
Click above or below the line to select an area: above the line for high values of σ y / ρ
in this case.
Now click on the line and drag upwards, to refine the selection to fewer materials.)
• RANK the results by specific strength (Yield strength / Density)
(Rank by, Stage 1: Performance Index and click on results column to change order
from low–high to high–low)
(Example results: CFRP, Titanium alloys, Magnesium alloys)
abibqb=qeb=pq^db=
© Granta Design, October 2009
3. Results
Selection line,
slope 1
Show: Pass all Stages
Rank by: Stage 1: Performance Index
Name Stage 1: Index
PEEK/IM Carbon Fiber, UD Composite...
Cyanate Ester/HM Carbon Fiber, UD C...
Epoxy/HS Carbon Fiber, UD Composite...
BMI/HS Carbon Fiber, UD Composite...
...
1.55
1.33
1.24
1.08
Getting Started with CES Selector 7

Exercise 7 Selection with a Tree Stage
• Find MATERIALS that can be MOLDED
(In Tree Stage window, select ProcessUniverse, expand “Shaping” in the tree, select
Molding, and click “Insert”, then OK)
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• Find PROCESSES to join STEELS
(First change Selection Data to select Processes: Joining processes)
(Then, in Tree Stage window, select MaterialUniverse, expand “Metals and alloys”
in the tree, select Ferrous, and click “Insert”, then OK)
abibqb=qeb=pq^db=
© Granta Design, October 2009
Tree Selection
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
3. Results
X out of Y pass
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3
Material 4
etc.
Getting Started with CES Selector 8
Material
Process
Tree stage for material
Ceramics
Hybrids
Metals
Polymers
Steels
Al alloys
Cu alloys
Ni alloys...
Tree stage for process
Cast
Join
Shape
Surface
Deform
Mold
Composite
Powder
Prototype

Exercise 8 Combining Stages
Change Selection Data to MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
Find MATERIALS with the following properties
• DENSITY < 2000 kg/m 3
• STRENGTH (Elastic limit) > 60 MPa
• THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY < 10 W/m.K
(3 entries in a Limit Stage)
• Can be THERMOFORMED
(a Tree Stage: ProcessUniverse – Shaping – Molding)
• Rank the results by PRICE
(a Graph Stage: bar chart of Price)
(On the final Graph Stage, all materials that fail one or more stages are grayed-out.
The RESULTS window shows the materials that pass all the stages.)
(Example results, cheapest first: PET, Epoxies, PMMA, …)
• GENERATE the SELECTION REPORT
(Click the “Generate” button below the selection results. A selection report is
created, containing a summary of the selection project on page one, and details of
each selection stage on page two.)
Exercise 9 Finding Supporting Information
(Requires Internet connection)
Getting It All Together
• With the PET record open, click on SEARCH WEB to find additional information on
PET
(CES Selector translates the material ID to search strings compatible with a group of
high-quality material and process information sources and delivers the hits. Many of
the sources require a subscriber-based password. The ASM source is particularly
recommended.)
`ilpb=qeb=a^q^pebbq=
© Granta Design, October 2009
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
3. Results
X out of Y pass Rank by: Property A
Material 1
Material 2
Material 3
Material 4
etc.
4. Selection Report
Generate...
Intersection of all stages
2130
2100
1950
1876
Getting Started with CES Selector 9
Price
Process
Density
Yield strength
T-conductivity
Stacked stages
Join
Shape
Surface
Cast
Deform
Mold
Composite
Powder
Prototype
Min Max
2000
60
10

Exercise 10 Selecting Processes
Change Selection Data to select ProcessUniverse: Shaping processes
Find PRIMARY SHAPING PROCESSES to make a component with
• SHAPE = Dished sheet
• MASS = 10 – 12 kg
• SECTION THICKNESS = 4 mm
• ECONOMIC BATCH SIZE > 1000
(5 entries in a Limit Stage)
• Made of a THERMOPLASTIC
(a Tree Stage: MaterialUniverse – Polymers – Plastics – Thermoplastics)
(Example results: compression molding, rotational molding, thermoforming)
© Granta Design, October 2009
Process Selection
Mass
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
ProcessUniverse: Shaping processes
2. Selection Stages
Shape
Graph/Index Limit Tree
Dished sheet �
Physical attributes
Section thickness
Process characteristics
Primary shaping
Economic attributes
Economic batch size
�
10 12
kg
4 4 mm
1000
Getting Started with CES Selector 10
Material
Ceramics
Hybrids
Metals
Polymers
Elastomers
Plastics
Thermoplastics
Thermosets

Limit
4. Selection Report
Title
Notes
Stage Properties
Limit
Generate... Project Summary
Project Settings
Summary
Title
Notes
Select all materials
© Granta Design, October 2009
Saving, Copying, and Report Writing
Exercise 11 Adding Comments to a Project
Users can add comments to a selection project as a reminder to
why they have applied certain constraints and objectives.
Comments are displayed on mouse-over, in the selection report
and saved in the project file.
Comments can be added to each selection stage in a project.
(Click the Notes icon in the stage window heading, then
type in the dialog)
Comments can also be added to the selection report summary.
For example, adding information on which material was finally
selected and the reasons why, provides full traceability of the
material selection.
Exercise 12 Saving Selection Stages as a Project
• SAVE the project – (give it a filename and directory location;
CES Selector project files have the extension “.ces”)
Getting Started with CES Selector 11
File
Open Project
Save Project
Print...
Edit View etc

4. Selection Report
Generate... Project Summary
© Granta Design, October 2009
Print Export
Acrobat (PDF) file
Exercise 13 Saving a Selection Report
• GENERATE the selection report
• EXPORT the selection report as a PDF
(Note: You will require a PDF reader such as Adobe Reade
to view the exported selection report)
Exercise 14 Copying CES Output into a Document
Charts, Records and Results lists may be copied (CTRL-C)
and pasted (CTRL-V) into a word processor application
• Display a chart, click on it, then COPY and PASTE it into document
• Double click a selected material in the Results window to display
its datasheet, click on the datasheet, then COPY and PASTE it
• Click on the Results window, then COPY and PASTE it
• Try editing the document
(The datasheet in Exercise 3 and the selection charts in
Exercises 4 and 6 were made in this way)
Getting Started with CES Selector 12
File Edit
Cut
Copy
Paste
View etc
Clipboard
Word
processor

Exercise 15 Favorites
Getting the Most Out of CES Selector
Now that you have completed the ‘Getting Started’ exercises, the following exercises introduce you to
some additional tools and features that will make your use of CES Selector particularly productive.
Custom Selection
The Favorites feature enables users to highlight their favorite records e.g. your
company’s preferred materials.
• Browse to the CAST ALUMINUM folder
• Add the folder as a FAVORITE
(Right click on “Cast” and select “Add to Favorites”)
(On the tree and datasheet, favorites are marked with a star )
• Add the “Type 66” PA folder as a FAVORITE as well
(Expand “Polymers” in the tree, then “Plastics”, “Thermoplastics”, “PA (Polyamide/Nylon)”)
Select MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
• Make a BUBBLE CHART of YOUNG’S MODULUS (E) against DENSITY ( ρ )
(as in Exercise 4)
• SHOW FAVORITES
(Click the favorites icon)
(On the Graph stage, all materials that are not favorites are grayed-out)
(Click on a favorite material to label it)
• CLEAR the favorites
(Go to Tools > Favorites > Clear)
DELETE THE STAGE
© Granta Design, October 2009
Table:
Subset:
Browse Search Select
MaterialUniverse
All bulk materials
MaterialUniverse
Metals and alloys
Non-ferrous
Aluminum
Cast
Wrought
Add to Favorites
Getting Started with CES Selector 13
Tools

Exercise 16 Selection with a Custom Subset
The CES Selector databases are supplied with a range of standard subsets (e.g. All bulk
materials, Metals, Magnetic materials, etc.) which enable users to restrict their material
selection to certain material groups within the database. The custom subset feature
enables users to define their own subsets.
Select MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
• Make a BUBBLE CHART of YOUNG’S MODULUS (E) against DENSITY ( ρ )
(as in Exercise 4)
Change Selection Data to select CUSTOM Materials:
• Select ALUMINUM and PLASTICS
(In the Custom Subset dialog, click on checkboxes to include or exclude records or folders.
A checked box means all records in the folder are selected.
A cleared box means no records in the folder are selected.
A filled box means some records in the folder are selected.)
(Note: The ‘Selection attributes’ setting defines what properties will be available in
graph and limit selection stages)
The bubble chart updates.
© Granta Design, October 2009
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
Custom: Define your own subset...
Custom Subset
Selection table: MaterialUniverse
Initial subset: All bulk materials
Selection attributes: All bulk materials
MaterialUniverse
�
Ceramics and glasses
Fibers and particulates
Hybrids: composites, foams, etc.
Metals and alloys
�
Ferrous
Non-ferrous
...
Aluminum
Beryllium
...
Polymers: plastics, elastomers
Elastomers
Plastics
Getting Started with CES Selector 14

Exercise 17 Record Coloring
The CES Selector databases use a standardized color scheme for displaying records
(e.g. dark blue for plastics). These default colors can be changed so that particular
records can be highlighted.
• Browse to the POLYPROPYLENE folder
• Change the folder color to YELLOW
(Right click on Polypropylene and select “Change Color > Yellow”)
(Note: Record colors can also be changed by right-clicking on a record in a graph
stage or the selection results list)
(If the stage from Exercise 16 is still present, the bubble chart updates)
DELETE THE STAGE
Exercise 18 Plotting a Combined Property
Many engineering applications require combined properties to be optimized. For
example, specific stiffness (Young’s modulus / density) in aerospace, and thermal
diffusivity (thermal conductivity/(density . specific heat)) in thermal applications.
These types of properties can be plotted using the advanced property feature.
• Make a BAR CHART of the combined property DENSITY/(YOUNG’S
MODULUS^(1/2))
(To set the y-axis, click “Advanced”. In the Set Axis dialog, select an attribute, then
click “Insert” to create the expression)
(Leave x-axis at )
DELETE THE STAGE
© Granta Design, October 2009
Table:
Subset:
Browse Search Select
MaterialUniverse
MaterialUniverse
Metals and alloys
Polymers: plastics, elastomers
Thermoplastics
PP (Polypropylene)
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
Getting Started with CES Selector 15
Change Color
X-axis Y-axis
Advanced...
Density /
(Young's Modulus^(1/2))
Red
Lime
Blue
Yellow
...
Restore Default

Performance Indices
One of the main components of the rational material selection technique is the use of performance indices. These are combined
properties (e.g. Young’s modulus / density) that allow the function of a design to be optimized for a particular application. The
performance index finder enables users to quickly identify (and plot) the performance indices that are applicable to their design.
Exercise 19 Performance Index Finder
• Make a BAR CHART of the performance index for minimizing the mass of a stiffnesslimited
beam, loaded in bending
(Set y-axis Function to Beam in bending, Fixed Variables to length and section
shape, Limiting Constraint to stiffness, Optimize to mass)
(Leave x-axis at )
© Granta Design, October 2009
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
Getting Started with CES Selector 16
X-axis Y-axis
Performance Index Finder
Function: Beam in bending
Limiting Constraint: stiffness
Optimize: mass

Exercise 20 Selection with a Trade-off Plot
Many designs require a comprise to be made between competing objectives, for
example, maximize performance and minimize cost. The influence of this ‘trade-off’
on material choice can be studied by generating a trade-off plot, where candidate
materials lie along a hypothetical curve or trade-off surface (see picture). Optimal
materials, for a particular application, are identified by making a judgment on the
relative importance of the two objectives (e.g. in aerospace, high performance is
more important than low cost).
• Make a BUBBLE CHART of the performance index
BEAM IN BENDING, limited by STIFFNESS
(Set y-axis to Optimize mass; set x-axis to Optimize cost)
(The materials on or near the trade-off surface offer the best compromise for
minimizing mass and cost)
(Note: The trade off surface cannot be plotted on a chart by CES)
© Granta Design, October 2009
Browse Search Select
1. Selection Data
MaterialUniverse: All bulk materials
2. Selection Stages
Graph/Index Limit Tree
Getting Started with CES Selector 17
Performance Index
P1 : mass, m
Heavy
Light
Cheap
Trade-off
surface
Performance Index
P 1 : cost, c
Expensive

Exercise 21 Viewing Functional Data
• Find a record for STAINLESS STEEL
• Display the functional data graphs
Functional Data
Some properties within the databases are saved as functional data, meaning that data is available for a number of different
conditions. This allows users to readily incorporate the conditions of their application into their selection project. For example,
using the ‘Fatigue strength model’ the user can specify both the stress ratio and number of cycles for the fatigue strength.
(Click the “Show/Hide” button to show all functional data graphs on the datasheet)
(Alternatively, click on the , , or buttons to open the graph in a new
window and view the equation or data points)
Exercise 22 Setting Parameters for Functional Data
The parameter values for functional data apply to all applicable functional data types
within the datasheet and to all datasheets in the selection project. The parameter
values can be changed using the parameters hyperlink.
• Find a record for STAINLESS STEEL
The value for FATIGUE STRENGTH MODEL is calculated at the given parameter
values for STRESS RATIO and NUMBER OF CYCLES.
• Change the parameter value for NUMBER OF CYCLES
(Click the Parameters link and set a new value in the dialog, then click OK. The
value in the datasheet will updated.)
(To view the updated project setting, go to the Select menu > Project Settings >
Parameter Values)
© Granta Design, October 2009
Table:
Subset:
Table:
Subset:
Browse Search Select
MaterialUniverse
Metals
Layout: All attributes
Mechanical properties
Getting Started with CES Selector 18
Datasheet
Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles * 38.9 - 44.2 ksi
Fatigue strength model (stress range)
Parameters: Stress Ratio=-1, Number of Cycles=1e7
Fatigue strength model
(stress range) (ksi)
100
Browse Search Select
MaterialUniverse
Metals
100 Number of Cycles
Stress Ratio=-1
1e8
Mechanical properties
Fatigue strength model
Datasheet
Fatigue strength at 10^7 cycles * 38.9 - 44.2 ksi
* 34.1 - 49.7 ksi
Parameters: Stress ratio=-1, Number of cycles=1e7
Parameters
Number of cycles 1e7
Stress ratio -1
* 34.1 - 49.7 ksi
Show/Hide

The Eco Audit Tool – only available with the CES Eco Selector edition –
calculates the energy used and CO2 produced during five key life phases of a
product (material, manufacture, transport, use, and end of life) and identifies
which is the dominant phase. This is the starting point for eco-aware product
design, as it identifies which parameters need to be targeted to reduce the ecofootprint
of the product.
Exercise 23 Eco Audit Project
A brand of bottled mineral water is sold in 1 liter PET bottles with
polypropylene caps. A bottle weighs 40 grams; the cap 1 gram. Bottles
and caps are molded, filled, and transported 550 km from the French
Alps to England by 14 tonne truck, refrigerated for 2 days and then
sold. The overall life of the bottle is one year.
An example product file for this case study is installed with
CES Selector in the ‘samples’ folder.
File Edit View Select Tools Window
Product Definition
Eco Audit Project
Product Definition New Open Save
Product name: PET Bottle
© Granta Design, October 2009
Eco Audit
Eco Audit
1. Material, manufacture, and end of life
Bill of materials, primary processing techniques, and end of life
Getting Started with CES Selector 19
Quantity Component name Material Recycle content Primary process Mass (kg) End of life
100 Bottle
PET
0% Molding 0.04 Recycle
MaterialUniverse
Ceramics and glasses
Hybrids: composites etc
Metals and alloys
Polymers and elastomers
Elastomers
Polymers
Thermoplastics
Thermoplastics
PET
0%
100%
Molding
Extrusion
Landfill
Combust
Downcycle
Recycle
Re-engineer
Reuse
100 Cap
PP
0% Molding 0.001 Combust
100 Water
1
2. Transport
Transportation from site of manufacture to point of sale
Stage name Transport type Distance (km)
Bottling plant to point of sale 14 tonne truck 550
Sea freight
Rail freight
14 tonne truck
Air freight – long haul
...

3. Use
Product life and location of use
Product Product life: life: 1 years
Country electricity mix:
Static mode
United Kingdom
France
Germany
United Kingdom
...
Energy used to refrigerate product at point of sale (average energy required to refrigerate
100 bottles at 4°C = 0.12 kW)
�� �� Product uses the following energy:
Energy input and output:
Power rating:
Usage:
Usage:
Electric to mechanical (electric motors)
0.12 kW
2
24
days per year
hours per day
Fossil fuel to thermal, enclosed system
Fossil fuel to electric
Electric to thermal
Electric to mechanical (electric motors)
...
© Granta Design, October 2009
4. Report View Report
Energy and CO2 Footprint Summary:
Phase
Material
Manufacture
Transport
Use
End of life
Total
Energy (MJ)
344
39.1
48.7
50.8
-129
353
Energy (%)
97.2
11.1
13.8
14.4
-36.5
100
Getting Started with CES Selector 20
CO2 (kg)
9.6
3.13
3.46
3.05
-2.68
16.6
CO2 (%)
(Result: Material is the dominant life phase ⇒ Focus on minimizing embodied energy of
bottle and/or mass of bottle to reduce eco-footprint of product)
Change the “End of life” option for the bottle to “Combust” and note the different impacts
on the end of life Energy & CO2
58.0
18.9
20.9
18.4
-16.2
100

Exercise 24 Saving Eco Audit Product Definition
Eco audit projects do not form part of a selection project and need to be saved
separately.
• SAVE the product definition – (give it a filename and directory location;
CES Eco Audit product files have the extension “.prd”)
Exercise 25 Saving/Exporting Eco Audit Report
• GENERATE the eco audit report
• EXPORT the eco audit report as a PDF
(Note: You will require Microsoft Excel or a PDF reader such as Adobe Reader to
view the exported eco audit report)
© Granta Design, October 2009
Eco Audit Project
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Getting Started with CES Selector 21

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