What is Four in Balance? - PDST

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Learning at school and at homeWe see that teachers have their pupils use ICT in various ways outside ofschool. In other words: ICT adds to the time pupils spend learning becausethey are given more opportunity to learn outside of school hours.This indicates that teachers use ICT to bridge the gap between formallearning (at school) and informal learning (outside school). Various studieshave convincingly demonstrated the value of doing so. Examples aredescribed in greater detail in Chapter 2; they concern learning Englishwith a mobile phone, practicing words in a foreign language, and usingcomputers to teach basic math principles and as a vocabulary-building toolfor young children. Such applications show that ICT makes learning moreappealing. Many teachers expect that ICT therefore motivates pupils tostudy harder and longer, ultimately improving their performance at school(Van den Brande, 2010).
3 - ICT in teaching3.4 Summary• Three quarters of teachers use computers during lessons. This numberhas increased by 2 to 3% in recent years.• Teachers spend an average of 8 hours a week using computers intheir lessons, and expect that figure to increase within three years byapproximately 40%, to 11 hours a week. In addition, teachers spendanother 7 hours a week on average doing school-related work on theirhome computer.• The ICT applications used most often in teaching are the Internet,practice programs, word processing software and electronic learningenvironments. Games and Web 2.0 are the least popular applications.• On average, teachers have five different ICT applications in theirpedagogical repertoire.• Teachers believe that the number of hours that pupils can spendworking at a computer at school is limited to between 1.5 and 3 hoursa day. Teachers believe that pupils can spend a further 7 to 12 hours aweek on learning activities outside of school hours.43
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Page 6 and 7: Main topicsThe Four in Balance Moni
Page 8: learning materials. That is 10% mor
Page 11 and 12: 1 - what is four in balance?In many
Page 13 and 14: 1 - what is four in balance?1.3 The
Page 15 and 16: 2 - Benefits of using ICT2Benefits
Page 17 and 18: 2 - Benefits of using ICTIn this ch
Page 19 and 20: 2 - Benefits of using ICTThe rest o
Page 21 and 22: 2 - Benefits of using ICTA good exa
Page 23: 2 - Benefits of using ICTOne good e
Page 26 and 27: Pupils learn skills and acquire kno
Page 28 and 29: The debate concerning the importanc
Page 30 and 31: Competence-based professional envir
Page 32 and 33: • ICT can be conducive to knowled
Page 34 and 35: NumberThree quarters of teachers us
Page 36 and 37: The number of lesson hours in which
Page 38 and 39: 3.2 Teachers at homeVirtually all t
Page 40 and 41: Actual useHomework assignments that
Page 44 and 45: 4VisionThe way in which teachers us
Page 46 and 47: Pedagogical vision of ICT in PRIM a
Page 48 and 49: 4.4 Summary• Knowledge transfer i
Page 51 and 52: 5 - ExpertiseThe percentage of teac
Page 53 and 54: 6 - Digital learning materials6Digi
Page 55 and 56: 6 - Digital learning materials6.2 P
Page 57 and 58: 6 - Digital learning materialsTeach
Page 59 and 60: 7 - ICT infrastructure7.1 Computers
Page 61 and 62: 7 - ICT infrastructurelaptops with
Page 64 and 65: 7.3 ConnectivityWe make a distincti
Page 66 and 67: 8Collaboration and leadershipSchool
Page 68 and 69: SupportWhere can teachers turn if t
Page 70 and 71: Centralized visionSchools do not al
Page 72 and 73: Leadership focusing on material and
Page 74 and 75: 9From ICT use to moreeffective teac
Page 76 and 77: for example, or learn skills in a s
Page 78 and 79: doing schoolwork at their home comp
Page 80 and 81: 1080Bibliography• Anderson, R. (2
Page 82 and 83: 82• DiGregorio, P. & Sobel-Lojesk
Page 84 and 85: 84• Ict op School (2004). Vier in
Page 86 and 87: 86• Marzano, R. & Haystead, M. (2
Page 88 and 89: 88• Somekh, B., Haldane, M., Jone
Page 90 and 91: • Wopereis, I. & Sloep, P. (2009)
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What is Four in Balance? - PDST

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