What is Four in Balance? - PDST

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The number of lesson hours in which computers are used differs fromone sector to the next (Figure 3.4). Computers are used most in vocationaleducation and training (10 hours per week), not merely as a pedagogicaltool but also to help pupils prepare for their careers. For example, pupilsin secretarial school learn to use word processing programs, and pupilstraining to be assembly technicians in the metalworking industry learn touse a computer-controlled lathe. Observations of 400 lessons in vocationaleducation and training reveal that 40% of the hours devoted to ICT focuson computer applications used in the occupations for which the pupils arebeing trained (Plantinga, 2011).Secondary school teachers make the least use of computers, relativelyspeaking (6 hours a week). Primary school teachers use computers for anaverage of 8 hours a week in their lessons. As mentioned above, teachersin all three sectors expect that they will make much more use of ICT in theyears ahead.Teachers’ current and future computer use, in hoursNumber of hours per weekNowIn three years’ time14121086812691013420PRIMSECFigure 3.4: Average number of hours a week that teachers use computers in their lessons,and forecast for the near future (TNS NIPO, 2010)VET36
3 - ICT in teachingVarietyThe ICT applications used most often in teaching are the Internet, practiceprograms, word processing software and electronic learning environments.On average, teachers use such applications eight times a month. They makethe least use of gaming and Web 2.0 (Figure 3.5) and have an average offive different ICT applications in their pedagogical repertoire.ICT applicationsLook up information on Internet 9Practice program 8Word processing 7ELE 8Cooperation 7Planning 4Testing 2Portfolio 2Games 2Web 2.0 2353332304756807872670 20 40 60 80 100Number of times a month% of teachersFigure 3.5: Percentage of primary, secondary and vocational school teachers who use ICTapplications once a month or more during lessons and average number of times a month thatthey use such applications (TNS NIPO, 2010)37
Page 1: Four in Balance Monitor 2011ICT in
Page 4 and 5: ContentsMain topics 61 What is Four
Page 6 and 7: Main topicsThe Four in Balance Moni
Page 8: learning materials. That is 10% mor
Page 11 and 12: 1 - what is four in balance?In many
Page 13 and 14: 1 - what is four in balance?1.3 The
Page 15 and 16: 2 - Benefits of using ICT2Benefits
Page 17 and 18: 2 - Benefits of using ICTIn this ch
Page 19 and 20: 2 - Benefits of using ICTThe rest o
Page 21 and 22: 2 - Benefits of using ICTA good exa
Page 23: 2 - Benefits of using ICTOne good e
Page 26 and 27: Pupils learn skills and acquire kno
Page 28 and 29: The debate concerning the importanc
Page 30 and 31: Competence-based professional envir
Page 32 and 33: • ICT can be conducive to knowled
Page 34 and 35: NumberThree quarters of teachers us
Page 38 and 39: 3.2 Teachers at homeVirtually all t
Page 40 and 41: Actual useHomework assignments that
Page 42 and 43: Learning at school and at homeWe se
Page 44 and 45: 4VisionThe way in which teachers us
Page 46 and 47: Pedagogical vision of ICT in PRIM a
Page 48 and 49: 4.4 Summary• Knowledge transfer i
Page 51 and 52: 5 - ExpertiseThe percentage of teac
Page 53 and 54: 6 - Digital learning materials6Digi
Page 55 and 56: 6 - Digital learning materials6.2 P
Page 57 and 58: 6 - Digital learning materialsTeach
Page 59 and 60: 7 - ICT infrastructure7.1 Computers
Page 61 and 62: 7 - ICT infrastructurelaptops with
Page 64 and 65: 7.3 ConnectivityWe make a distincti
Page 66 and 67: 8Collaboration and leadershipSchool
Page 68 and 69: SupportWhere can teachers turn if t
Page 70 and 71: Centralized visionSchools do not al
Page 72 and 73: Leadership focusing on material and
Page 74 and 75: 9From ICT use to moreeffective teac
Page 76 and 77: for example, or learn skills in a s
Page 78 and 79: doing schoolwork at their home comp
Page 80 and 81: 1080Bibliography• Anderson, R. (2
Page 82 and 83: 82• DiGregorio, P. & Sobel-Lojesk
Page 84 and 85: 84• Ict op School (2004). Vier in
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86• Marzano, R. & Haystead, M. (2
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88• Somekh, B., Haldane, M., Jone
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• Wopereis, I. & Sloep, P. (2009)
Page 92:
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What is Four in Balance? - PDST

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