Methods of Data Collection and Mode of Administration

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Choice of mode: Coverage and other problems insampling frames• Area probability frames• In principle could include all, in practice include those in sampling units(e.g., households)• Coverage error due to listing errors by interviewers• Coverage errors may be reduced by use of address lists• List-assisted telephone frames (RDD)• Exclude those without telephones• Exclude with only cell phones unless use a dual-frame design• Those with only cell phones more likely to be young, poor, andrenters• Duplicates both within and across landline and cell phone frames• Address-based samples• Potentially excellent coverage• Quality may be poorer in rural areas or areas with delivery to mailboxestnrceeP70.060.050.040.030.020.010.00.0US Households withComputer and Internet Access (CPS)..1984..1989 ..1993..1997 ..2000..2001 ..2003..2007ComputerInternetU.S. Households with Computers, by Income*1009080706050403020100All
Comparison of address-based sampling (ABS)and RDD (Link et al. 2008)Choice of Mode: Sampling error• Clustering• Increases sampling variance, but reduces costs• Less clustering is needed in telephone than face-to-face surveys• Maximum dispersion possible in self-administered methods based onlist (address) sample• Sample size• Cheaper modes make larger sample size possible for a given budget• XMethod of data collection: Nonresponse• Methods vary in• Rates of nonresponse• Sources of nonresponse• Types of nonresponse• Noncontact: Access restrictions vary by method• Telephone: Caller-ID, answering machines• Face-to-face: Gated communities, locked apartment buildings• Mail: Difficult to distinguish ineligible, non-contact, and refusals• Web: Access to web and spam filters• Refusals: Willingness to cooperate may depend on method of contact• Mail: Limited to written materials and incentives• Interviewers: Potential ability to tailor responses to respondent’sconcerns• Respondents vary in ability to use different methods• Mail and self-administered: Literacy• Computer-assisted: Comfort with technology• Web: Access to webNonresponse: Mail• Rogers (1989):• average of 20.2 pieces of mail received per week• 42% increase in mail received over 10 years• 200% increase in 3rd class mail• Mathiowetz, Couper and Singer (1994):• systematic variation in amount of mail received by income, urbanicity,race• in 63% of households, 1 person responsible for opening mail• 63% of households throw some mail away without opening• modest association with census mail return, controlling on other factors
Page 1 and 2: IntroductionMethods of Data Collect
Page 3: Choosing method of data collection:
Page 7 and 8: Choice of mode: Measurement process
Page 9 and 10: Choice of mode: Costs• Staff• C
Page 11 and 12: Sample and nonsample addresses by m
Page 13 and 14: Effect of mode: Comments about item
Page 15 and 16: Mode Effects and Reports of Illicit
Page 17 and 18: Summary: Advantages of face-to-face

Methods of Data Collection and Mode of Administration

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