Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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N mineral supply(kg ha -1 )<strong>Seed</strong> yield(kg ha -1 )N uptake (aerial part )(kg ha -1 )Dry matter(T ha -1 )N mineral supply(kg ha -1 )<strong>Seed</strong> yield(kg ha -1 )N uptake (aerial part)(kg ha -1 )Dry matter(T ha -1 )Table 2: Effect of N fertilization on seed yield, N uptake and dry matter of tall fescue (2008)T2 - N Balance MethodT3 - usual farmer practiceN° Trials :(Location / FrenchDepartment )N-W: north-westS-W: south-westM: middleN-E: north-eastCultivars(T: turf typeF: forage type)Crops in first year of production1 (07 / N-W / 49) TOMAHAWK (T) 140 784 193 11.5 145 837 210 11.32 (07 / S-W / 32) VILLAGEOISE (T) 82 1055 115 5.7 110 789 154 6.93 (07 / N-E / 10) TOMAHAWK (T) 130 1563 132 10.2 110 1640 115 9.74 (07 / N-E / 49) DULCIA (F) 130 863 124 10.5 110 801 117 11.05 (08 / S-W / 32 ) VILLAGEOISE (T) 100 1440 121 5.0 140 1540 118 7.96 (08 / N-W / 49 ) VILLAGEOISE (T) 115 2150 187 12.9 145 2150 201 12.07 (08 / M / 18 ) VILLAGEOISE (T) 121 1520 119 11.5 154 1420 149 12.38 (08 / N-E / 10 ) TOMAHAWK (T) 135 2550 149 14.2 120 2570 172 14.79 (08 / N-E / 10 ) DULCIA (F) 135 1090 148 12.8 120 1060 160 14.2Crops in second year of production10 (07 / S-W / 81) DULCIA (F) 110 509 164 10.7 151 417 148 10.411 (07 / S-W / 81) VILLAGEOISE (T) 129 784 138.5 7.6 169 841 172 7.812 (07 / N-W / 49) VILLAGEOISE (T) 115 999 131 9.4 145 973 141 9.013 (07 / S-W / 32) BELFINE 126 850 166 10.5 138 820 141 11.714 (S-W / 32 ) VILLAGEOISE (T) 158 1550 176 10.0 120 1380 109 8.415 (N-W / 49 ) TOMAHAWK (T) 143 1380 138 9.3 113 1250 125 8.616 (N-E / 10 ) TOMAHAWK (T) 160 2120 131 10.83 120 1780 124 10.817 (N-E / 10 ) DULCIA (F) 160 780 143 11.6 120 750 129 11.981
Stresses associated with germination and establishment of overseededturfgrassesM.D. Richardson (mricha@uark.edu), A.J. Patton (ajpatton@uark.edu), and J.M. Trappe(jtrappe@uark.edu). University of Arkansas, Department of Horticulture, 316 Plant Science Bldg.,Fayetteville, AR 72701AbstractOverseeding is a practice that is commonly applied to dormant turfgrasses to provide an activelygrowingturf surface during winter and early spring. This practice has been widely used acrossthe south and transition zone on golf courses, athletic fields, and other recreational turf surfaces.Grasses used for overseeding are often more sensitive to biotic and abiotic stresses compared tothe dormant warm-season grass and there is a need to identify new genetic resources and culturalpractices that allow better utilization of this practice. This paper summarizes results from trialsthat investigated the effects of salinity and traffic on several commonly-used turfgrass species.Overall, the results from these trials indicate the ryegrass species, including diploid perennialryegrass, tetraploid perennial ryegrass, and intermediate ryegrass, remain the most tolerantoverseeding species of abiotic stresses such as salinity. In addition, these species are also moretolerant of traffic than grasses such as meadow fescue and annual ryegrass. Continued research isneeded to identify grasses and management strategies that allow successful overseeding in harshenvironments.IntroductionWarm-season grasses such as bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) continue to be the predominateturfgrass species used for golf courses, sports fields, and home lawns in tropical and transitionzone areas of the world. Although bermudagrass has many positive attributes, such as good weartolerance and recuperative potential, excellent heat and drought stress tolerance, and broad pestresistance, the species experiences a long winter dormancy period in many use areas. Because ofthis extended dormancy period, bermudagrass is often over-seeded with a cool-season turfgrassto provide an actively growing green surface for winter and early-spring sporting activities(Dudeck and Peacock, 1980; Schmidt and Shoulders, 1977).Numerous grass species have been successfully used for overseeding, including annual (Italian)ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), perennial ryegrass (L. perenne L.), intermediate ryegrass (L.multiflorum Lam. x L. perenne L.) creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), rough bluegrass(Poa trivialis L.) and fine fescue (Festuca spp.) (Kneebone and Major, 1969; Schmidt andShoulders, 1977; Richardson, 2004). Although all of these cool-season grasses have beensuccessfully used in various overseeding situations, there is a continued need to develop newspecies and cultivars with applications to overseeding. In recent years, efforts to improve82
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
Page 41 and 42: mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
Page 43 and 44: Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
Page 45 and 46: Several methods are commonly used f
Page 47 and 48: Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
Page 49 and 50: Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
Page 51 and 52: Rather near the meteorological stat
Page 53 and 54: ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
Page 55 and 56: ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
Page 57 and 58: Table 1. Average distances required
Page 59 and 60: Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
Page 61 and 62: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
Page 63 and 64: Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
Page 65 and 66: Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
Page 67 and 68: Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
Page 69 and 70: Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
Page 71 and 72: Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
Page 73 and 74: The five spectral reflectance measu
Page 75 and 76: Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
Page 77 and 78: Larger than expected harvest losses
Page 79 and 80: Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
Page 81 and 82: Optical sensors have the potential
Page 83 and 84: Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
Page 85 and 86: Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
Page 87 and 88: In 2010, France has launched the fo
Page 89 and 90: Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
Page 91: Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
Page 95 and 96: correspond to electrical conductivi
Page 97 and 98: applied later in the fall was more
Page 99 and 100: Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
Page 101 and 102: The seed vigour testing was perform
Page 103 and 104: Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
Page 105 and 106: Reliability of salinity screening L
Page 107 and 108: AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
Page 109 and 110: Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
Page 111 and 112: The seeds were collected from the A
Page 113 and 114: increases germination to its potent
Page 115 and 116: Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
Page 117 and 118: Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
Page 119 and 120: Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
Page 121 and 122: The seed set is of major importance
Page 123 and 124: In grass species with poor seed ret
Page 125 and 126: support system to optimize fungicid
Page 127 and 128: weather stations in grass seed fiel
Page 129 and 130: ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
Page 131 and 132: Seed yield variation in a red clove
Page 133 and 134: 100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
Page 135 and 136: Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
Page 137 and 138: Crimson clover seed production in t
Page 139 and 140: Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
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genes and subsequent ability to pro
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Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
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Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
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The strip design provides an opport
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The pot experiments did not reveale
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CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
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Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
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Effects of intraspecific competitio
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flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
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The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
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Seed yield components and yield per
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ResultsVariation among populations
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Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
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Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
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Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
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Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
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population. However, in spite of th
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Corvallis where they were debearded
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Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
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Variations on potential and harvest
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Determination of optimum desiccatio
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Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
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Harvesting too soon after peak flow
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Annual ryegrass seed production in
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seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
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ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
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Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
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urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
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Comparing herbicide selectivity in
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Development of new tetraploid Chlor
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Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
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Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
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KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
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Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
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and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
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Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
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Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
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inflorescece number and seed yield
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Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
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Effect of sowing density on seed yi
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y-products of this grass seed crop
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Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
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Further culm length measurements ga
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chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
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Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
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Organization of grass seed research
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Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
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through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
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Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
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Relative humidity, seed moisture co
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Ergovaline contents in grasses from
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11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
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ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
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Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
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seed yield. All systems of establis
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Preliminary results after four year
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Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
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Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
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Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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