Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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One of the reasons for using reduced tillage systems is to maintain soil organic matter levels andpotentially increase carbon storage in the soil. After three years, soil samples taken in this studyshowed that soil organic matter and soil carbon levels were similar under conventional oralternate year tillage systems in the 0-20 cm depth (Table 2). Soil organic matter and carbonwere stratified under continuous no-till due to accumulation of soil organic matter in the surfacelayer (0-5 cm depth). Below 5 cm, soil carbon in the continuous no-till was significantly less.Soil organic matter and nutrient stratification have been observed in previous no-till trials(Mellbye et al., 1999). Despite differences in tillage and organic matter distribution, totalaccumulation of soil carbon among treatments to date was similar (assuming similar soil bulkdensity). Results may change over time, but these data suggest alternate year tillage or plowingin annual ryegrass cropping systems can maintain soil carbon at levels similar to those achievedwith continuous no-till, at least over a short period of time.Table 2. Soil organic matter, soil carbon, and soil nitrogen levels from selected annual ryegrassestablishment systems (May 2009).Selected TreatmentsSoilDepth(cm)Soil OrganicMatter%)SoilCarbon(%)Soil Nitrogen(%)1.Continuous tillage 0-20 3.83 1.59 0.0902.Continuous no-till0-203.35.620.107Surface layer to 5cm0-54.321.920.103Below 5cm5-203.611.480.0774.Volunteer /conventional0-20 3.95 1.63 0.083(Tillage alternate years)6.Volunteer / no-till / conventional0-20 3.58 1.64 0.080(Tillage every third year)p level0.00020.00010.0102LSD (0.05)0.270.100.017241
Preliminary results after four years demonstrate that alternating a conventional tillage systemwith a no-till or volunteer method of establishment can provide seed yields comparable tocontinuous conventional tillage, but at a lower cost of production. In addition, alternate yeartillage appears to maintain soil carbon levels comparable to continuous no-till. This trial isdesigned to last a minimum of 9 years, and a more thorough economic analysis of results will bepresented in the future. The take-home message at this time is alternatives to annual conventionaltillage exist in annual ryegrass production that reduces costs while maintaining yields.ReferencesW.C. Young III, T.G. Chastain, M.E. Mellbye, T.B. Silberstein, and C.J. Garbacik. (1997). Cropresidue management and establishment systems for annual ryegrass seed production. SeedProduction Research at Oregon State University, Ext/CrS 111, 4/98. p. 1-6.M.E. Mellbye, W.C. Young III. (1999). The Effect of Straw Removal and DifferentEstablishment Systems on Soil Fertility Levels in Annual Ryegrass Seed Fields. In:Proceedings. Fourth International Herbage Seed Conference, Perugia, Italy. p. 147-151.B. Eleveld, M.E. Mellbye, W.C. Young. E. Lahmann, and C. Younger. (2007). Enterprisebudget: Annual ryegrass seed, conventional tillage, South Willamette Valley region. EM 8635.OSU Extension Service.G.C. Fisher, J.T. DeFrancesco, and R.N. Horton. (1996). Slug populations in grasses grown forseed. Crop residue management and establishment systems for annual ryegrass seed production.Seed Production Research at Oregon State University, Ext/CrS 110, 4/97. p. 23-25.242
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
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ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
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ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
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Table 1. Average distances required
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Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
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Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
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Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
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Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
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Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
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Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
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The five spectral reflectance measu
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Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
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Larger than expected harvest losses
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Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
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Optical sensors have the potential
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Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
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Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
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In 2010, France has launched the fo
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Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
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Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
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Stresses associated with germinatio
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correspond to electrical conductivi
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applied later in the fall was more
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Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
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The seed vigour testing was perform
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Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
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Reliability of salinity screening L
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AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
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Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
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The seeds were collected from the A
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increases germination to its potent
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Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
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Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
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Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
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The seed set is of major importance
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In grass species with poor seed ret
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support system to optimize fungicid
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weather stations in grass seed fiel
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ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
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Seed yield variation in a red clove
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100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
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Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
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Crimson clover seed production in t
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Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
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deal of investigation into the caus
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genes and subsequent ability to pro
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Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
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Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
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The strip design provides an opport
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The pot experiments did not reveale
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CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
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Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
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Effects of intraspecific competitio
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flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
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The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
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Seed yield components and yield per
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ResultsVariation among populations
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Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
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Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
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Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
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Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
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population. However, in spite of th
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Corvallis where they were debearded
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Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
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Variations on potential and harvest
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Determination of optimum desiccatio
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Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
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Harvesting too soon after peak flow
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Annual ryegrass seed production in
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seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
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ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
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Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
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urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
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Comparing herbicide selectivity in
Page 201 and 202: Development of new tetraploid Chlor
Page 203 and 204: Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
Page 205 and 206: Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
Page 207 and 208: KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
Page 209 and 210: Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
Page 211 and 212: and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
Page 213 and 214: Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
Page 215 and 216: Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
Page 217 and 218: inflorescece number and seed yield
Page 219 and 220: Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
Page 221 and 222: Effect of sowing density on seed yi
Page 223 and 224: y-products of this grass seed crop
Page 225 and 226: Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
Page 227 and 228: Further culm length measurements ga
Page 229 and 230: chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
Page 231 and 232: Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
Page 233 and 234: Organization of grass seed research
Page 235 and 236: Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
Page 237 and 238: through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
Page 239 and 240: Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
Page 241 and 242: Relative humidity, seed moisture co
Page 243 and 244: Ergovaline contents in grasses from
Page 245 and 246: 11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
Page 247 and 248: ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
Page 249 and 250: Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
Page 251: seed yield. All systems of establis
Page 255 and 256: Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
Page 257 and 258: Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
Page 259 and 260: Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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