Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group
Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group
with 40 kg. A similar reaction was indicated on the flag leaf (in June), but only in the firstharvesting year.Nitrogen fertilization level in autumn and early spring did not have an effect on thephotosynthesis rate of the flag leaf in seed milk maturity in the first or the second productionyears (Table 2). In the second year of seed harvesting the application of half of 80 kg N ha -1 atthe beginning of shooting caused an increase in photosynthesis rate of the flag leaf in relation tothe single application of 40, 60 or 80 kg N ha -1 in early spring.Table1. Nitrogen content and chlorophyll index of red fescue prior to starting of growing inspring (April), at the beginning of shooting (May) and of flag leaf at milk stage (June)Nitrogenrate[kg ha -1 ]Nitrogen content [%]Chlorophyll index [SPAD]Time of measuringApril May June April May JuneYear of productionI II I II I I II I II I IIautumn 20 3,06 3,33 3,24 2,50 1,84 7,70 5,84 20,1 15,7 20,8 23,140 2,93 3,41 3,20 2,55 1,76 7,46 7,01 19,0 16,7 20,4 22,660 3,32 3,76 3,31 2,60 1,88 7,25 6,89 19,7 16,4 19,7 21,2LSD 0,22 0,32 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns nsspring 40 - - 3,10 2,40 1,69 - - 17,1 15,2 18,4 23,760 - - 3,25 2,58 1,72 - - 19,5 16,0 20,6 20,680 - - 3,40 2,67 1,85 - - 22,3 17,6 21,7 21,140+40 - - - - 2,05 - - - - 20,4 23,7LSD - - 0,14 ns ns - - 3,21 2,05 3,00 nsns - not significant219
Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of flag leaf and seed yield of red fescueNitrogenrate[kg ha -1 ]Photosynthesis rate [μmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 ] Seed yield [dt ha -1 ]Year of productionI II I IIautumn 20 8,83 6,09 8,72 8,4240 11,03 6,90 8,82 8,3260 10,64 6,54 8,66 7,94LSD ns ns ns 0,35spring 40 9,62 2,08 8,48 7,3960 11,65 3,45 8,81 8,4580 8,31 3,80 8,77 8,6040+40 11,09 16,70 8,87 8,46LSD ns 2,09 ns 0,81ns - not significantIn the first year, no significant effect of autumn and spring fertilization levels on seed yield wasindicated (Table 2). In the second year, following the autumn application of 20 or 40 kg N ha -1 ,application of at least 60 kg was necessary in spring. After the application of 40 kg ha -1 duringstarting of growth, seed yield was the smallest, but an additional application of 40 kg at shootingstage, at a high photosynthesis rate of the flag leaf during seed formation, significantly increasedthe yield. The study conducted indicates that the total level of nitrogen fertilization should not bemore than 60 kg ha -1 in the first production year and 80 kg in the second. Similar rates for redfescue (55-80 kg ha -1 ) are recommended by Fairey (2006).Conclusions1. Red fescue at the beginning of growth shows the response of nitrogen content in leaves to thelevel of autumn fertilization with nitrogen, and at the beginning of the shooting stage of thechlorophyll index to the rates applied in early spring. Analysis of plant nutrition state bymeans of those indexes may be useful for determination needs for spring fertilization withnitrogen in production years.2. Increasing rates of autumn fertilization with nitrogen above 20 kg ha -1 do not result in asignificant increase in yield in the production years. Spring rate of 40 N ha -1 applied duringstarting of growth in the first year of seed harvesting is sufficient, whereas in the second yearit should be increased up to 60 or 80 kg N ha -1ReferencesFairey N.A. (2006): Cultivar –specific management for seed production of creeping red fescue.Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, 1099-1105.220
- Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
- Page 181 and 182: Variations on potential and harvest
- Page 183 and 184: Determination of optimum desiccatio
- Page 185 and 186: Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
- Page 187 and 188: Harvesting too soon after peak flow
- Page 189 and 190: Annual ryegrass seed production in
- Page 191 and 192: seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
- Page 193 and 194: ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
- Page 195 and 196: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
- Page 197 and 198: urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
- Page 199 and 200: Comparing herbicide selectivity in
- Page 201 and 202: Development of new tetraploid Chlor
- Page 203 and 204: Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
- Page 205 and 206: Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
- Page 207 and 208: KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
- Page 209 and 210: Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
- Page 211 and 212: and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
- Page 213 and 214: Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
- Page 215 and 216: Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
- Page 217 and 218: inflorescece number and seed yield
- Page 219 and 220: Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
- Page 221 and 222: Effect of sowing density on seed yi
- Page 223 and 224: y-products of this grass seed crop
- Page 225 and 226: Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
- Page 227 and 228: Further culm length measurements ga
- Page 229: chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
- Page 233 and 234: Organization of grass seed research
- Page 235 and 236: Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
- Page 237 and 238: through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
- Page 239 and 240: Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
- Page 241 and 242: Relative humidity, seed moisture co
- Page 243 and 244: Ergovaline contents in grasses from
- Page 245 and 246: 11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
- Page 247 and 248: ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
- Page 249 and 250: Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
- Page 251 and 252: seed yield. All systems of establis
- Page 253 and 254: Preliminary results after four year
- Page 255 and 256: Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
- Page 257 and 258: Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
- Page 259 and 260: Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of flag leaf and seed yield of red fescueNitrogenrate[kg ha -1 ]Photosynthesis rate [μmol CO 2 m -2 s -1 ] <strong>Seed</strong> yield [dt ha -1 ]Year of productionI II I IIautumn 20 8,83 6,09 8,72 8,4240 11,03 6,90 8,82 8,3260 10,64 6,54 8,66 7,94LSD ns ns ns 0,35spring 40 9,62 2,08 8,48 7,3960 11,65 3,45 8,81 8,4580 8,31 3,80 8,77 8,6040+40 11,09 16,70 8,87 8,46LSD ns 2,09 ns 0,81ns - not significantIn the first year, no significant effect of autumn and spring fertilization levels on seed yield wasindicated (Table 2). In the second year, following the autumn application of 20 or 40 kg N ha -1 ,application of at least 60 kg was necessary in spring. After the application of 40 kg ha -1 duringstarting of growth, seed yield was the smallest, but an additional application of 40 kg at shootingstage, at a high photosynthesis rate of the flag leaf during seed formation, significantly increasedthe yield. The study conducted indicates that the total level of nitrogen fertilization should not bemore than 60 kg ha -1 in the first production year and 80 kg in the second. Similar rates for redfescue (55-80 kg ha -1 ) are recommended by Fairey (2006).Conclusions1. Red fescue at the beginning of growth shows the response of nitrogen content in leaves to thelevel of autumn fertilization with nitrogen, and at the beginning of the shooting stage of thechlorophyll index to the rates applied in early spring. Analysis of plant nutrition state bymeans of those indexes may be useful for determination needs for spring fertilization withnitrogen in production years.2. Increasing rates of autumn fertilization with nitrogen above 20 kg ha -1 do not result in asignificant increase in yield in the production years. Spring rate of 40 N ha -1 applied duringstarting of growth in the first year of seed harvesting is sufficient, whereas in the second yearit should be increased up to 60 or 80 kg N ha -1ReferencesFairey N.A. (2006): Cultivar –specific management for seed production of creeping red fescue.Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, 1099-1105.220
Change language