Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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20%, respectively). The experimental lines had less than 4% germinate at 19,000 mg L -1 saltconcentration.AcknowledgmentThis research was supported by United States Golf Association209
Effect of sowing density on seed yield and quality of Westerwold ryegrass(Lolium multiflorum ssp. westerwoldicum) in FinlandM.Niskanen 1 &O.Niemeläinen 21 MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Alapääntie 104, FI-61400 Ylistaro,Finland. markku.niskanen@mtt.fi2 MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production Research, Building E, FI-31600, Jokioinen, Finland.oiva.niemelainen@mtt.fiAbstractEffect of sowing density on seed yield and quality of Westerwold ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumssp. westerwoldicum) was investigated at MTT Agrifood Research Finland at Ylistaro researchstation (latitude N 62 o 57‟) in 2005-2008. Completely randomized block experiment with fourreplicates had five sowing density treatments: 200, 300, 500, 700 and 900 germinating seeds /m 2. Sowing rate ranged from 8.4 to 37.8 kg ha -1 depending on germination and seed size of the usedseed lot. Cultivar „ Pollanum „ was used in the experiment. The experiments were on loam soil.Nitrogen was appliedat 80 kg ha -1 prior to sowing. The trial was sown by Oyjord plot experimentsowing machine. The whole experiment was direct combine harvested at same date byWintersteiger Plot Harvester. Plot size was 13,75 m 2 . Objective of the study was to clarify howsowing density would affect evenness of maturity and seed yield. Previous studies have indicatedthat uneven maturity is the biggest problem in seed production of annual ryegrass in Finnishconditions. Late tillering in sparse stands has been one factor causing uneven maturity. Greentillers at harvest make harvesting difficult and can risk the quality of harvested seed. The averageseed yield in this trial was 1264, 1247, 499 and 739 kg ha -1 in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008,respectively. Increasing sowing density increased number of fertile tillers and seed yield, andreduced seed moisture content at harvest. Effect of sowing density on thousand seed weight andon germination was positive, although weak. On average the seed yield was 23 % lower atsowing densities 200 and 300 seed /m 2 in 2005-2008 than at the higher sowing densities. <strong>Seed</strong>yield at sowing density treatments (500, 700, 900 seed/m 2 ) did not differ of each other. Onaverage the number of fertile tillers decreased from 1120 to 790 ears /m 2 when sowing densitydecreased from 900 to 200 seeds /m 2 . Average seed moisture content at harvest decreased from48,2 percent to 42,1 percent at sowing densities 200 and 900 seeds/m 2 , respectively, indicatingmore even maturation at the higher sowing density treatments.Key words: westerwold ryegrass, seed yield, sowing density, seed quality210
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
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ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
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ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
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Table 1. Average distances required
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Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
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Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
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Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
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Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
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Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
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Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
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The five spectral reflectance measu
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Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
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Larger than expected harvest losses
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Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
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Optical sensors have the potential
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Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
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Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
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In 2010, France has launched the fo
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Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
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Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
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Stresses associated with germinatio
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correspond to electrical conductivi
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applied later in the fall was more
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Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
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The seed vigour testing was perform
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Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
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Reliability of salinity screening L
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AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
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Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
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The seeds were collected from the A
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increases germination to its potent
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Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
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Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
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Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
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The seed set is of major importance
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In grass species with poor seed ret
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support system to optimize fungicid
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weather stations in grass seed fiel
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ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
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Seed yield variation in a red clove
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100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
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Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
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Crimson clover seed production in t
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Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
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deal of investigation into the caus
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genes and subsequent ability to pro
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Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
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Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
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The strip design provides an opport
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The pot experiments did not reveale
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CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
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Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
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Effects of intraspecific competitio
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flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
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The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
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Seed yield components and yield per
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ResultsVariation among populations
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Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
Page 169 and 170: Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
Page 171 and 172: Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
Page 173 and 174: Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
Page 175 and 176: population. However, in spite of th
Page 177 and 178: Corvallis where they were debearded
Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
Page 181 and 182: Variations on potential and harvest
Page 183 and 184: Determination of optimum desiccatio
Page 185 and 186: Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
Page 187 and 188: Harvesting too soon after peak flow
Page 189 and 190: Annual ryegrass seed production in
Page 191 and 192: seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
Page 193 and 194: ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
Page 195 and 196: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
Page 197 and 198: urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
Page 199 and 200: Comparing herbicide selectivity in
Page 201 and 202: Development of new tetraploid Chlor
Page 203 and 204: Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
Page 205 and 206: Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
Page 207 and 208: KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
Page 209 and 210: Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
Page 211 and 212: and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
Page 213 and 214: Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
Page 215 and 216: Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
Page 217 and 218: inflorescece number and seed yield
Page 219: Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
Page 223 and 224: y-products of this grass seed crop
Page 225 and 226: Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
Page 227 and 228: Further culm length measurements ga
Page 229 and 230: chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
Page 231 and 232: Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
Page 233 and 234: Organization of grass seed research
Page 235 and 236: Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
Page 237 and 238: through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
Page 239 and 240: Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
Page 241 and 242: Relative humidity, seed moisture co
Page 243 and 244: Ergovaline contents in grasses from
Page 245 and 246: 11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
Page 247 and 248: ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
Page 249 and 250: Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
Page 251 and 252: seed yield. All systems of establis
Page 253 and 254: Preliminary results after four year
Page 255 and 256: Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
Page 257 and 258: Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
Page 259 and 260: Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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