Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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When the data for week 8 is added (data from two sites available) the response is a quadraticresponse with an optimum harvest time of six weeks after peak flowering. The decline in seedyield eight weeks after harvest is large and significant. Based on thermal time, optimum harvestdate is approximately 725 C° days after peak flowering (Figure 3). There was some variationbetween sites in weekly temperature accumulation however, at week 7 only 40 C° days separatedall sites.Figure 3. Relative seed yield (three sites combined) (optimum = 100%) and five harvest datesexpressed against thermal time from peak flowering (2006/07) (harvest date = desiccation date).DiscussionFlower numbers gradually increase during late November, followed by a rapid increase in lateDecember / early January. Harvest generally occurs in February, the exact timing depending onsoil moisture and other environmental conditions e.g. temperature. Based on thermal time,optimum harvest date is approximately 725 C° days after peak flowering. In 2006/07 this wasapproximately seven weeks after peak flowering. Seed development is generally well representedby thermal time. This result was consistent across three sites with two different cultivars andshould be transferable from season to season and site to site. It is assumed that thousand seedweight (TSW) and number of seeds harvested account for the increases in seed yield. Loss ofseeds through decomposition and sprouting are likely to contribute to the lower yields after sevenweeks.The timing of desiccation should occur when the maximum number of seed heads are ripe andlikely to be harvested. Premature desiccation will lead to lower seed yields and lower TSW.Generally the majority of seed should be changing color at the time of desiccation. If desiccationoccurs too late lower yields will result. Our results indicate that 725 C° days predicts thisoptimum time.Conclusions175
Harvesting too soon after peak flowering reduced seed yield. The optimum time was sixto seven weeks after peak flowering, with seven being best. Waiting 8 weeks resulted inyield loss.Seven weeks was equivalent to 725 C° days (base temperature 0°C) at all sitesAcknowledgementThis work was funded by a seed growers levy administered by the Foundation for ArableResearch.ReferencesHay, R.K.M. & Kirby, E.J.M. (1991). Convergence and Synchrony – a Review of theCoordination of Development in Wheat. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research. 42:661-700.Jamieson, P.D., Semenov, M.A., Brooking, I.R. & Francis, G.S. (1998). Sirius: a mechanisticmodel of wheat response to environmental variation. European Journal of Agronomy.8:161-179.Moot, D.J. (2000). Phenological development of 26 canola and 6 mustard cultivars grown inCanterbury. Report to the Foundation for Arable Research. 13 pp.Loss, S.P., Kirby, E.J.M., Siddique, K.H.M. & Perry, M.W. (1989). Grain growth anddevelopment of old and modern Australian wheats. Field Crops Research. 21: 131-146.Simon, U., Hare, M. D., Kjaersgaard, B., Clifford, P.T.P., Hampton, J.G. & Hill, M.J. (1997).Harvest and post harvest management of forage seed crops. In; Fairey, D.T. and Hampton,J.G. (Ed.) Forage Seed Production 1. Temperate Species, pp181-217. CAB International.176
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
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ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
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ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
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Table 1. Average distances required
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Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
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Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
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Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
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Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
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Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
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Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
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The five spectral reflectance measu
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Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
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Larger than expected harvest losses
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Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
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Optical sensors have the potential
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Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
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Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
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In 2010, France has launched the fo
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Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
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Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
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Stresses associated with germinatio
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correspond to electrical conductivi
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applied later in the fall was more
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Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
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The seed vigour testing was perform
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Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
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Reliability of salinity screening L
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AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
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Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
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The seeds were collected from the A
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increases germination to its potent
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Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
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Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
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Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
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The seed set is of major importance
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In grass species with poor seed ret
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support system to optimize fungicid
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weather stations in grass seed fiel
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ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
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Seed yield variation in a red clove
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100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
Page 135 and 136: Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
Page 137 and 138: Crimson clover seed production in t
Page 139 and 140: Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
Page 143 and 144: genes and subsequent ability to pro
Page 145 and 146: Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
Page 147 and 148: Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
Page 149 and 150: The strip design provides an opport
Page 151 and 152: The pot experiments did not reveale
Page 153 and 154: CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
Page 155 and 156: Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
Page 157 and 158: Effects of intraspecific competitio
Page 159 and 160: flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
Page 161 and 162: The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
Page 163 and 164: Seed yield components and yield per
Page 165 and 166: ResultsVariation among populations
Page 167 and 168: Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
Page 169 and 170: Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
Page 171 and 172: Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
Page 173 and 174: Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
Page 175 and 176: population. However, in spite of th
Page 177 and 178: Corvallis where they were debearded
Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
Page 181 and 182: Variations on potential and harvest
Page 183 and 184: Determination of optimum desiccatio
Page 185: Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
Page 189 and 190: Annual ryegrass seed production in
Page 191 and 192: seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
Page 193 and 194: ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
Page 195 and 196: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
Page 197 and 198: urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
Page 199 and 200: Comparing herbicide selectivity in
Page 201 and 202: Development of new tetraploid Chlor
Page 203 and 204: Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
Page 205 and 206: Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
Page 207 and 208: KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
Page 209 and 210: Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
Page 211 and 212: and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
Page 213 and 214: Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
Page 215 and 216: Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
Page 217 and 218: inflorescece number and seed yield
Page 219 and 220: Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
Page 221 and 222: Effect of sowing density on seed yi
Page 223 and 224: y-products of this grass seed crop
Page 225 and 226: Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
Page 227 and 228: Further culm length measurements ga
Page 229 and 230: chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
Page 231 and 232: Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
Page 233 and 234: Organization of grass seed research
Page 235 and 236: Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
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through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
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Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
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Relative humidity, seed moisture co
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Ergovaline contents in grasses from
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11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
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ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
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Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
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seed yield. All systems of establis
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Preliminary results after four year
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Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
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Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
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Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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