Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group
Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group
Table 1. Sulla seed crop parameters (LSR = leaf:stem ratio; LAI = leaf area index; ADM = abovegrounddry matter; TDM = taproot dry matter; WSC = water soluble carbohydrates) at various growth stages asaffected by genotype and plant density.Year Genotype†Beginning of flowering End of flowering MaturityPlantdensity ‡ LSR LAI ADM TDM ADM TDM Taproot WSC Seedt/ha t/ha t/ha t/ha g/kg g/m 2 kg/ha2004 Gan. 100 0.89 4.01 7.46 0.61 11.85 1.58 150 24 590600 0.77 3.76 9.94 0.78 10.38 1.37 151 21 515Res. 100 3.70 4.29 5.65 1.61 6.83 7.02 138 97 73600 4.63 4.20 6.72 1.98 5.94 6.80 127 86 102005 Gan. 100 2.72 2.86 3.25 0.38 8.74 1.25 145 18 535600 1.59 4.36 5.35 0.55 10.05 1.44 148 21 547Res. 100 10.92 2.78 3.21 0.80 3.91 6.78 142 96 7600 13.15 4.31 5.25 1.01 4.67 7.85 144 113 1Year (Yr) *** § *** *** *** * ns ns ns nsGenotype (G) *** ns ** *** *** *** * *** ***Plant density (D) ns *** *** ** ns ns ns ns nsYr × G ** ns *** ** ns ns * * nsYr × D ns *** ns ns ** ns ns ns nsG × D ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns nsYr × G × D ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns† Gan. = Gangi; Res. = Resuttano. ‡ 100 = 100 plants/m 2 ; 600 = 600 plants/m 2 .§ *, **, ***, P 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, respectively; ns, P > 0.05.Intraspecific competition did not affect any trait either at the end of flowering or at seedmaturity. In the interval between the end of flowering and maturity a further increase in taprootdry matter (~15% on average) was observed for both genotypes (data not shown).149
The seed yield of Gangi was, on average, 547 kg ha -1 (with no significant difference between thetwo growing seasons), whereas Resuttano produced a negligible seed yield in both years.This study reveals the very different behavior of two sulla genotypes during the first year of a 2-year crop cycle; these differences could be related to different population survival strategies. Ourresults show that the Resuttano landrace tends to accumulate C reserves in taproots, whereas theGangi landrace uses the photoassimilates mainly for epigeic growth and the gamic reproductionprocess. Greater C and N reserves in the taproots of alfalfa allow for greater plant survival andfaster regrowth (Dhont et al., 2002); it is likely that this is also the case for sulla. The presentstudy shows that the possibility of producing sulla seed in the first year of a crop cycle dependsstrongly on genotype. Further research is needed to investigate the behavior of these contrastinggenotypes during the second year of the crop cycle, particularly with regard to seed yield andregrowth rates after the summer stasis.Acknowledgments This work was funded by the University of PalermoReferencesAmato, G., Giambalvo, D., Graziano, D. & Ruisi, P. (2007). Forage and seed yield of sulla(Hedysarum coronarium L.) varieties and landraces in a semi-arid Mediterraneanenvironment. In: Seed production in the northern light. AAS: Bioforsk, 68−72.Annichiarico, P., Abdelguerfi, A., Ben Younes, M., Bouzerzour, H. & Carroni, A.M. (2008).Adaptation of sulla cultivars to contrasting Mediterranean environments. AustralianJournal of Agricultural Research 59:702−706.Borreani, G., Roggero, P.P., Sulas, L. & Valente, M.E. (2003). Quantifying morphological stageto predict the nutritive value in sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.). Agronomy Journal95:1608−1617.Dhont, C., Castonguay, Y., Nadeau, P., Bélanger, G. & Chalifour F.P. (2002). Alfalfa rootcarbohydrates and regrowth potential in response to fall harvests. Crop Science42:754−765.Flores, F., Gutierrez, J.C., Lopez, J., Moreno, M.T. & Cubero J.I. (1997). Multivariate analysisapproach to evaluate a germplasm collection of Hedysarum coronarium L.. GeneticResources and Crop Evolution 44:545−555.SAS Institute (2004). SAS/STAT 9.1 User‟s Guide. SAS Inst,. Cary, NC, USA.Stringi, L. & Amato, G. 1998. La sulla nell‟ambiente siciliano: utilizzazione e prospettive divalorizzazione. I Georgofili, Quaderni 1998-I, Firenze, 29−51.150
- Page 109 and 110: Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
- Page 111 and 112: The seeds were collected from the A
- Page 113 and 114: increases germination to its potent
- Page 115 and 116: Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
- Page 117 and 118: Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
- Page 119 and 120: Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
- Page 121 and 122: The seed set is of major importance
- Page 123 and 124: In grass species with poor seed ret
- Page 125 and 126: support system to optimize fungicid
- Page 127 and 128: weather stations in grass seed fiel
- Page 129 and 130: ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
- Page 131 and 132: Seed yield variation in a red clove
- Page 133 and 134: 100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
- Page 135 and 136: Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
- Page 137 and 138: Crimson clover seed production in t
- Page 139 and 140: Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
- Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
- Page 143 and 144: genes and subsequent ability to pro
- Page 145 and 146: Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
- Page 147 and 148: Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
- Page 149 and 150: The strip design provides an opport
- Page 151 and 152: The pot experiments did not reveale
- Page 153 and 154: CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
- Page 155 and 156: Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
- Page 157 and 158: Effects of intraspecific competitio
- Page 159: flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
- Page 163 and 164: Seed yield components and yield per
- Page 165 and 166: ResultsVariation among populations
- Page 167 and 168: Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
- Page 169 and 170: Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
- Page 171 and 172: Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
- Page 173 and 174: Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
- Page 175 and 176: population. However, in spite of th
- Page 177 and 178: Corvallis where they were debearded
- Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
- Page 181 and 182: Variations on potential and harvest
- Page 183 and 184: Determination of optimum desiccatio
- Page 185 and 186: Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
- Page 187 and 188: Harvesting too soon after peak flow
- Page 189 and 190: Annual ryegrass seed production in
- Page 191 and 192: seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
- Page 193 and 194: ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
- Page 195 and 196: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
- Page 197 and 198: urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
- Page 199 and 200: Comparing herbicide selectivity in
- Page 201 and 202: Development of new tetraploid Chlor
- Page 203 and 204: Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
- Page 205 and 206: Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
- Page 207 and 208: KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
- Page 209 and 210: Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
The seed yield of Gangi was, on average, 547 kg ha -1 (with no significant difference between thetwo growing seasons), whereas Resuttano produced a negligible seed yield in both years.This study reveals the very different behavior of two sulla genotypes during the first year of a 2-year crop cycle; these differences could be related to different population survival strategies. Ourresults show that the Resuttano landrace tends to accumulate C reserves in taproots, whereas theGangi landrace uses the photoassimilates mainly for epigeic growth and the gamic reproductionprocess. Greater C and N reserves in the taproots of alfalfa allow for greater plant survival andfaster regrowth (Dhont et al., 2002); it is likely that this is also the case for sulla. The presentstudy shows that the possibility of producing sulla seed in the first year of a crop cycle dependsstrongly on genotype. Further research is needed to investigate the behavior of these contrastinggenotypes during the second year of the crop cycle, particularly with regard to seed yield andregrowth rates after the summer stasis.Acknowledgments This work was funded by the University of PalermoReferencesAmato, G., Giambalvo, D., Graziano, D. & Ruisi, P. (2007). Forage and seed yield of sulla(Hedysarum coronarium L.) varieties and landraces in a semi-arid Mediterraneanenvironment. In: <strong>Seed</strong> production in the northern light. AAS: Bioforsk, 68−72.Annichiarico, P., Abdelguerfi, A., Ben Younes, M., Bouzerzour, H. & Carroni, A.M. (2008).Adaptation of sulla cultivars to contrasting Mediterranean environments. AustralianJournal of Agricultural Research 59:702−706.Borreani, G., Roggero, P.P., Sulas, L. & Valente, M.E. (2003). Quantifying morphological stageto predict the nutritive value in sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.). Agronomy Journal95:1608−1617.Dhont, C., Castonguay, Y., Nadeau, P., Bélanger, G. & Chalifour F.P. (2002). Alfalfa rootcarbohydrates and regrowth potential in response to fall harvests. Crop Science42:754−765.Flores, F., Gutierrez, J.C., Lopez, J., Moreno, M.T. & Cubero J.I. (1997). Multivariate analysisapproach to evaluate a germplasm collection of Hedysarum coronarium L.. GeneticResources and Crop Evolution 44:545−555.SAS Institute (2004). SAS/STAT 9.1 User‟s Guide. SAS Inst,. Cary, NC, <strong>USA</strong>.Stringi, L. & Amato, G. 1998. La sulla nell‟ambiente siciliano: utilizzazione e prospettive divalorizzazione. I Georgofili, Quaderni 1998-I, Firenze, 29−51.150
Change language