Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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Waggoner, P.E. & Berger, R.D. (1987). Defoliation, disease, and growth. Phytopathology77:393-398.Welty, R.E. & Azevedo, M.D. (1994). Application of propiconazole in management of stem rustin perennial ryegrass grown for seed. Plant Dis. 78:236-240.119
Seed yield variation in a red clover breeding populationD.P. Monks 1 , I.J. Baird 2 , J.L. Ford 3 , W. Rumball 3 & M.P. Rolston 21 Dave.Monks@lincoln.ac.nz. Seed Research Centre, CoRE, PO Box 84, Lincoln University, NewZealand. 2 AgResearch Lincoln, Private Bag 4749, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. 3 AgResearchGrasslands, Private Bag 11008, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.AbstractVariation in flower number and seed yield of 330 individuals from a breeding pool were assessedfor seed yield. The average per plant seed yield was 32 g plant -1 . Per plant seed yield rangedfrom 60 g plant -1 (4% of plants). Seed yield was independent oftime of peak flowering. There was a positive correlation between seed yield and flower number;but flower number only explained 18% of the variation in seed yield. A sub-sample measured forcorolla tube length showed no correlation between length and seed yield.IntroductionNew Zealand‟s herbage seed producers are discouraged from growing red clover because of lowreturns (associated with low seed yield), limiting local market supply and increasing price kg -1 toend users. End users are therefore discouraged from sowing red clover because of the increase inseed costs and decrease demand. This has stalemated the industry and New Zealand hasproduced about 150 T seed year -1 for the last 5 years (Anonymous, 2009). New cultivars, like„Sensation‟, have only replaced older technology rather than increased the market. A significantincrease in red clover seed yield ha -1 would increase supply and bring cost to the end user downwhile still ensuring a suitable return to the producer. Recent work confirming the heritability ofseed yield components, including inflorescences per plant, has increased the interest in seed yieldspecific screening (Herrmann et al., 2006).This paper reports the results from a red clover breeding programme that, for the first time,looked at both seed yield and agronomic qualities as selection criteria.Materials and MethodsThe trial was undertaken at Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand (43 o 63‟S, 172 o 47‟E,11 m a.m.s.l.). On 15 April 2008 a diploid red clover breeding pool was sown in root trainers andin a glasshouse on 1 July 2008 seedlings were transferred in trays to a shade house to harden off.On 2 October 2008, 330 seedlings were transplanted in to the field (a deep Wakanui silt loamwith good moisture holding capacity) at the AgResearch Lincoln Farm as single, spaced plantson 850 mm squares.Natural populations of long-tongued bumblebees (Bombus hortorum) and introduced shorttonguedbumblebees (B. terrestris) were present during flowering (late November – late120
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
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ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
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ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
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Table 1. Average distances required
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Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
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Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
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Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
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Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
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Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
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Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
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Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
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The five spectral reflectance measu
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Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
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Larger than expected harvest losses
Page 79 and 80: Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
Page 81 and 82: Optical sensors have the potential
Page 83 and 84: Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
Page 85 and 86: Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
Page 87 and 88: In 2010, France has launched the fo
Page 89 and 90: Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
Page 91 and 92: Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
Page 93 and 94: Stresses associated with germinatio
Page 95 and 96: correspond to electrical conductivi
Page 97 and 98: applied later in the fall was more
Page 99 and 100: Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
Page 101 and 102: The seed vigour testing was perform
Page 103 and 104: Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
Page 105 and 106: Reliability of salinity screening L
Page 107 and 108: AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
Page 109 and 110: Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
Page 111 and 112: The seeds were collected from the A
Page 113 and 114: increases germination to its potent
Page 115 and 116: Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
Page 117 and 118: Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
Page 119 and 120: Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
Page 121 and 122: The seed set is of major importance
Page 123 and 124: In grass species with poor seed ret
Page 125 and 126: support system to optimize fungicid
Page 127 and 128: weather stations in grass seed fiel
Page 129: ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
Page 133 and 134: 100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
Page 135 and 136: Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
Page 137 and 138: Crimson clover seed production in t
Page 139 and 140: Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
Page 143 and 144: genes and subsequent ability to pro
Page 145 and 146: Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
Page 147 and 148: Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
Page 149 and 150: The strip design provides an opport
Page 151 and 152: The pot experiments did not reveale
Page 153 and 154: CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
Page 155 and 156: Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
Page 157 and 158: Effects of intraspecific competitio
Page 159 and 160: flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
Page 161 and 162: The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
Page 163 and 164: Seed yield components and yield per
Page 165 and 166: ResultsVariation among populations
Page 167 and 168: Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
Page 169 and 170: Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
Page 171 and 172: Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
Page 173 and 174: Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
Page 175 and 176: population. However, in spite of th
Page 177 and 178: Corvallis where they were debearded
Page 179 and 180: Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
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Variations on potential and harvest
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Determination of optimum desiccatio
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Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
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Harvesting too soon after peak flow
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Annual ryegrass seed production in
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seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
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ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
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Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
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urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
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Comparing herbicide selectivity in
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Development of new tetraploid Chlor
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Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
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Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
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KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
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Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
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and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
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Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
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Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
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inflorescece number and seed yield
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Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
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Effect of sowing density on seed yi
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y-products of this grass seed crop
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Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
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Further culm length measurements ga
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chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
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Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
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Organization of grass seed research
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Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
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through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
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Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
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Relative humidity, seed moisture co
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Ergovaline contents in grasses from
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11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
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ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
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Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
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seed yield. All systems of establis
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Preliminary results after four year
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Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
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Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
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Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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