Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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Table 3. Effects of accelerated aging at various temperatures and incubation periods ongermination capacity of the six reference seed lots of timothy and red clover.Ref.seedlotTimothyRed clover43 o C 45 o C 43 o C 45 o C32t 48t 56t 32t 48t 56t 24t 32t 48t 24t 32t 48tA 93a 90a 90a 90a 85a 79a 95a 79a 73a 89a 79a 6aB 89ab 88a 90a 88a 84a 77a 91a 79a 58b 80b 73b 10aC 90ab 88a 85b 89a 71b 64b 80b 71a 30c 48c 14c 1bD 88bc 81b 81bc 79b 64c 53c 63c 57b 19d 46c 16c 0bE 85c 85ab 78c 81b 62c 34d 48d 35c 0e 14d 0d 1bF 47d 22c 20d 19c 3d 1e 14e 4d 0e 5e 1d 0bSign,%
Reliability of salinity screening Lolium genotypes using field grown versusgreenhouse techniquesL. R. Nelson, J. Crowder, Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center, P.O. Box 200, Overton, TX75684 USA, lr-nelson@tamu.edu; M. A. Foster, Texas AgriLife Research Station at Pecos, TX USA;Texas A&M SystemAbstractLolium multiflorum and perenne as well as some other turf species were evaluated during the2008-2009 growing season in the greenhouse at Overton, as well as in the field at Pecos, Texas.The immersion technique conducted in the greenhouse was repeatable and we believe effectivein screening genotypes of salt tolerance. Screening genotypes in the field at Pecos, may beeffective for the type of salinity present in that environment; however, the “salt” from NaCladded to water in the greenhouse versus high salt in soils of west Texas apparently is different.Therefore results from these two environments were not compatible.IntroductionHigh salinity in water from aquifers and soils in many regions of Texas is problematic to the turfindustry. Marcum (2004) rated most cool-season grasses as very susceptible to high salinity withperennial ryegrass having more tolerance than Poa trivialis and annual ryegrass. Rose-Frickerand Wipff (2001) screened Kentucky bluegrass cultivars at 10,000 mg salt L -1 and perennialryegrass at 17,000 mg L -1 when grown in sand in salt tanks. Brilman (2006) screened perennialryegrass for germination in 10,000 mg salt L -1 and seedlings at concentrations of 12,000 mg saltL -1 and reported differences among genotypes for rate of germination and for seedling growth.Nelson (2009) described a technique where ryegrass seedlings were grown in sand in flatsperiodically immersed in high salinity water and differences between genotypes were observed.This experiment was conducted to compare field screening of ryegrass with the immersiontechnique and if results were compatible.Materials and MethodsTwenty-seven genotypes were tested in a field trial at Pecos, and in two greenhouse experimentsat Overton, Texas. A detailed salinity test (Saturated Past Extract) of a soil sample collected atPecos indicated sodium levels at 609 mg kg -1 (26.501 meq/L) and calcium at 675 mg kg -1(33.683 meq/L). Soil pH was 8.2. Water analysis from the Pecos well water was 477 mg kg -1sodium, 1125 mg kg -1 chloride with total dissolved salts at 3853 mg kg -1 . At Pecos, one g ofseed of each entry was planted in 1 m rows on Oct. 28 (3 replications). No significant rainfalloccurred; therefore all water was applied by flood irrigation. Salinity damage ratings were takenon a 1 to 9 scale where 9 was most severe. During the spring of 2008 a glasshouse study wasestablished at the Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Overton, Texas. Theglasshouse salinity screening technique involved planting seed in Quikrete Play Sand and 3%peat moss by volume, which was placed in plastic inserts in trays. Each tray was 27 cm wide by42 cm in length. The plastic insert had 4 x 4 cm squares 4 cm deep. Oceanic Natural Sea SaltMix was added to the well water and was placed in a plastic tank filled to a depth of 15 cm.94
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Proceedings of the 7th Internationa
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Table of ContentsORAL PRESENTATIONS
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Seed yield components and yield per
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International Herbage Seed Conferen
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16:15 - 16:30 Reliability of salini
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Hotel expense is covered for night
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40,000 were slaves (McDonald, 2007)
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Fig. 1. Texas AgriLife Research and
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$7 billion for cattle, $3 billion f
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principle and encourages both AgriL
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eceived by growers, the above perce
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seed conditioning plants are locate
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Table 4.Hectares of open-field burn
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system, a seed crop is produced fro
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Fig. 1. Land resource areas of Texa
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y land owners. Seed yields are low
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The influence of planting density o
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Simple correlation and regression a
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Variation in seed shattering in a g
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Seed retention (SR) was calculated
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mm160120Precipitation8040020Km h -1
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Young, B. A. (1986). A Source of Re
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Several methods are commonly used f
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Table 3. Effect of the length of ha
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Alfalfa seed production in semi-hum
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Rather near the meteorological stat
Page 53 and 54: ReferencesBolaños-Aguilar E.D., Hu
Page 55 and 56: ased bioenergy conversion plants wa
Page 57 and 58: Table 1. Average distances required
Page 59 and 60: Figure 1. Optimized locations for 1
Page 61 and 62: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne
Page 63 and 64: Relative Seed Yieldsingle composite
Page 65 and 66: Flowers, M.D.; Hart, J.M.; Young II
Page 67 and 68: Thus, similar to tissue tests, remo
Page 69 and 70: Conclusion:Perhaps our most importa
Page 71 and 72: Modelling critical NDVI curves in p
Page 73 and 74: The five spectral reflectance measu
Page 75 and 76: Harvest loss in ryegrass seed crops
Page 77 and 78: Larger than expected harvest losses
Page 79 and 80: Rolston, P.; Trethewey, J.; McCloy,
Page 81 and 82: Optical sensors have the potential
Page 83 and 84: Figure 2. Seed yield response to ap
Page 85 and 86: Flowers, M. D., Hart, J.M., Young I
Page 87 and 88: In 2010, France has launched the fo
Page 89 and 90: Yield (% maximum)ConclusionThe resu
Page 91 and 92: Plant N uptakeN unavailableSoil nit
Page 93 and 94: Stresses associated with germinatio
Page 95 and 96: correspond to electrical conductivi
Page 97 and 98: applied later in the fall was more
Page 99 and 100: Figure 2. Establishment of five ove
Page 101 and 102: The seed vigour testing was perform
Page 103: Table 1. Germination index (GI) for
Page 107 and 108: AcknowledgmentThis research was sup
Page 109 and 110: Table 2. Greenhouse salinity screen
Page 111 and 112: The seeds were collected from the A
Page 113 and 114: increases germination to its potent
Page 115 and 116: Light, lodging and flag leaves-what
Page 117 and 118: Relative seed yieldSeed yield (kg/h
Page 119 and 120: Hampton, J.G.; Clemence, T.G.A.; He
Page 121 and 122: The seed set is of major importance
Page 123 and 124: In grass species with poor seed ret
Page 125 and 126: support system to optimize fungicid
Page 127 and 128: weather stations in grass seed fiel
Page 129 and 130: ust resistance loci in Lolium peren
Page 131 and 132: Seed yield variation in a red clove
Page 133 and 134: 100Seed yield plant -1 (g)806040200
Page 135 and 136: Marden, J. H. 1984. Remote percepti
Page 137 and 138: Crimson clover seed production in t
Page 139 and 140: Piper, C.V. 1935. Forage plants and
Page 141 and 142: deal of investigation into the caus
Page 143 and 144: genes and subsequent ability to pro
Page 145 and 146: Gatenby, W.A., S.C. Munday-Finch, A
Page 147 and 148: Control of Vulpia myuros in red fes
Page 149 and 150: The strip design provides an opport
Page 151 and 152: The pot experiments did not reveale
Page 153 and 154: CharacterWeed abundance1 A few plan
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Jensen, P. K. (2010) Longevity of s
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Effects of intraspecific competitio
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flowering, Gangi accumulated a high
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The seed yield of Gangi was, on ave
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Seed yield components and yield per
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ResultsVariation among populations
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Table 2. Means of total seeds per p
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Ryle, G. J. (1970). Partition of As
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Control of Apion trifolii in red cl
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Number of seeds /inflorescencesimil
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population. However, in spite of th
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Corvallis where they were debearded
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Table 1. Effect of Palisade growth
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Variations on potential and harvest
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Determination of optimum desiccatio
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Relative seed yield (%)Flowers/m225
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Harvesting too soon after peak flow
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Annual ryegrass seed production in
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seed yield, kg/haExtractable Al, mg
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ReferencesHaby, V.A. (1995). Soil m
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Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L
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urn residue management (Fig. 1 and
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Comparing herbicide selectivity in
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Development of new tetraploid Chlor
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Following 4 (or 5) cycles of select
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Loch, D.S., Rethman, N.F.G. & van N
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KBGcocksfootHykorLofatimothymeadowf
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Figure 2 Relative seed yield (%) se
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and GA 4 . In consequence this inac
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Table 1 The effect of trinexapac-et
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Silberstein, T.B., Young, W.C. III,
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inflorescece number and seed yield
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Germination of Lolium multiflorum g
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Effect of sowing density on seed yi
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y-products of this grass seed crop
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Table 2. Effect of PGR on seed yiel
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Further culm length measurements ga
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chlorophyllometer. Measurements wer
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Table 2. Photosynthesis rate of fla
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Organization of grass seed research
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Path Coefficient and Ridge Regressi
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through y4 (0.133). Increasing y 1
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Newell G.J., Lee B. (1981)Ridge reg
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Relative humidity, seed moisture co
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Ergovaline contents in grasses from
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11.8 % (Central East) to 40.0% (Nor
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ReferencesBony, S. & Delatour, P. (
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Long-term Evaluation of Annual Ryeg
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seed yield. All systems of establis
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Preliminary results after four year
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Casals, Marie-LaureFNAMSImpasse du
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Mao, PeishengForage Seed LabChina A
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Vanasche, DavidVanasche Farm36130 N
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Texas, USA 2010 - International Herbage Seed Group

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