Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ...

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Acknowledgements The work of this thesis could not have been accomplished if it wasn’t for the people below. First and foremost I wish to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my two excellent directors of the thesis, Prof. Ramón Soto-Otero and Prof. Estefanía Méndez-Álvarez. It has been an honour to work with you and learn from you. Thank you Ramón for given me the opportunity to work within the Neurochemistry research group and for providing me an exciting research project. Your insightful advice, guidance, and support make my Ph.D. experience productive and stimulating. Thank you Fanny for your continuous encouragements, patience, and valuables feedbacks. I wish to express special thanks to my colleague and friend Javier Iglesias- González who shared with me a lot of ideas and provided a dynamic and stimulating environment. Javi, thank you for your professional and personal support that made my graduate experience more enjoyable. I don’t forget our valuable discussions and our numerous memorable giggles; it has been a pleasure working together. I wish to express my appreciation to all members past or present of the Neurochemistry research group that I have had the pleasure to work with or alongside, especially Dr. Álvaro Hermida-Ameijeiras for his guidance and assistance in the first years of this work. Grateful acknowledgements are also made to Prof. José Luis Labandeira-García for constructive criticism and detailed review during the preparation of the publications, Prof. Jannette Rodriguez Pallares for excellent advice, Dr. Ana Muñoz- Patiño and Pablo Rey for immunohistochemistry studies, and Prof. Pilar Bermejo- Berrera and Prof. María del Carmen Barciela-Alonso for electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry experiments.
Page 1: Universidade de Santiago de Compost
Page 5: Don Ramón Soto Otero y Doña Estef
Page 10 and 11: Now life is not only science, I wou
Page 12 and 13: Abbreviations (continuation) GSSH o
Page 15 and 16: List of figures Introduction Figure
Page 17: List of tables Introduction Table 1
Page 20 and 21: Intranasal absorption .............
Page 23: INTRODUCTION
Page 26 and 27: INTRODUCTION 2 PD, also called idio
Page 28 and 29: INTRODUCTION Resting tremor 4 Resti
Page 30 and 31: INTRODUCTION disease, especially in
Page 32 and 33: INTRODUCTION diagnosis was substant
Page 34 and 35: INTRODUCTION Table 2: UK Parkinson
Page 36 and 37: INTRODUCTION Neurochemical and neur
Page 38 and 39: INTRODUCTION Figure 5: Dopamine pat
Page 40 and 41: INTRODUCTION accounting each for ap
Page 42 and 43: INTRODUCTION reduced activity in th
Page 44 and 45: INTRODUCTION Degeneration of all DA
Page 46 and 47: INTRODUCTION other brain areas and
Page 48 and 49: INTRODUCTION Figure 13: Six stages
Page 50 and 51: INTRODUCTION kinase 1 (PINK1) (Vale
Page 52 and 53: INTRODUCTION the drug users was fur
Page 54 and 55: INTRODUCTION be largely discussed l
Page 56 and 57: INTRODUCTION Parkinson diseases: a
Page 58 and 59:
INTRODUCTION Figure 18: The ubiquit
Page 60 and 61:
INTRODUCTION Mitochondrial dysfunct
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INTRODUCTION Oxidative stress 38 Ox
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INTRODUCTION Transition metals: the
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INTRODUCTION Nitric oxide 42 There
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INTRODUCTION have also been demonst
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INTRODUCTION 46 Another pathway has
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INTRODUCTION Cell death pathways 48
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INTRODUCTION Although the 6-OHDA mo
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INTRODUCTION mouse models, such as
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INTRODUCTION and [Al13(OH)30] 9+ .
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INTRODUCTION Iatrogenic exposure 56
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INTRODUCTION et al. 1993), probably
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INTRODUCTION Coble 1987). Transderm
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INTRODUCTION Aluminium influx and e
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INTRODUCTION Aluminium and oxidativ
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INTRODUCTION (Kong et al. 2002). In
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INTRODUCTION 68 As mentioned before
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INTRODUCTION 70 The signal transduc
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AIMS
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AIMS Chapter 3 The third major aim
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OBJETIVOS DE LA PRESENTE TESIS OBJE
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CHAPTER 1
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ABSTRACT CHAPTER 1 The unilateral a
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CHAPTER 1 2001), particularly due t
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Brain samples CHAPTER 1 After decap
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Statistical analysis CHAPTER 1 Resu
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CHAPTER 1 the left striatum and +11
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CHAPTER 1 against degeneration (Tro
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CHAPTER 1 Fig. 1 Changes in TBARS l
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CHAPTER 1 Fig. 3 Changes in PTC in
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CHAPTER 2 Analysis of brain regiona
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CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION 106 Aluminiu
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CHAPTER 2 experimental period of fo
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CHAPTER 2 RESULTS Aluminium distrib
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CHAPTER 2 significant increase of t
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CHAPTER 3
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ABSTRACT CHAPTER 3 The ability of a
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CHAPTER 3 not undergo redox reactio
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CHAPTER 3 saline over the same peri
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CHAPTER 3 used as chemical dosimete
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Statistical analysis CHAPTER 3 Data
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CHAPTER 3 was noted in hippocampus
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CHAPTER 3 In vitro effects of alumi
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CHAPTER 3 administration routes (De
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CHAPTER 3 difference in the levels
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CHAPTER 3 Table 1. In vitro effects
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CHAPTER 3 139
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CHAPTER 3 141
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CHAPTER 3 Fig. 4 Density of striata
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CHAPTER 3 145
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CHAPTER 3 147
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SUMMARY SUMMARY Aluminium has becom
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SUMMARY stress is reached at this t
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CONCLUSIONS
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CONCLUSIONS 5) Intraperitoneal alum
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RESUMEN
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RESUMEN 1996, Shimohama et al. 2003
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RESUMEN 166 Por último y con el fi
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CONCLUSIONES CONCLUSIONES Los resul
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CONCLUSIONES aumento de grupos carb
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APPENDIX
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APPENDIX Publications arising from
Page 203 and 204:
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Page 205 and 206:
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Page 207 and 208:
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REFERENCES Cedarbaum J. M. and McDo
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REFERENCES Döllken U. (1897) Ueber
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REFERENCES Exley C. (2004b) Aluminu
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REFERENCES (2006) PINK1 protein in
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REFERENCES Walker V. R., Sutton R.
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Page 273 and 274:
REFERENCES Zapatero M. D., Garcia d
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