Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ...

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REFERENCES 184 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-lesioned macaque model of Parkinson’s disease. J. Neurosci. 21, 6853– 6861. Bharathi, Vasudevaraju P., Govindaraju M., Palanisamy A. P., Sambamurti K. and Rao K. S. J. (2008) Molecular toxicity of aluminium in relation to neurodegeneration. Indian J. Med. Res. 128, 545–556. Bishop N. J., Robinson M. J., Lendon M., Hewitt C. D., Day J. P. and O'Hara M. (1989) Increased concentration of aluminium in the brain of a parenterally fed preterm infant. Arch. Dis. Child. 64, 1316–1317. Biskup S., Gerlach M., Kupsch A., Reichmann H., Riederer P., Vieregge P., Wüllner U. and Gasser T. (2008) Genes associated with Parkinson syndrome. J. Neurol. 255, 8–17. Björklund L. M., Sánchez-Pemaute R., Chung S., Andersson T., Chen I. Y., McNaught K. S., Brownell A. L., Jenkins B. G., Wahlestedt C., Kim K. S. and Isacson O. (2002) Embryonic stem cells develop into functional dopaminergic neurons after transplantation in a Parkinson rat model. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 99, 2344–2349. Blum-Degen D., Muller T., Kuhn W., Gerlach M., Przuntek H. and Riederer P. (1995) Interleukin- 1 beta and interleukin-6 are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer’s and de novo Parkinson’s disease patients. Neurosci. Lett. 202, 17–20. Boje K. M. (2004) Nitric oxide neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases. Front. Biosci. 9, 763–776. Boka G., Anglade P., Wallach D., Javoy-Agid F., Agid Y. and Hirsch E. C. (1994) Immunocytochemical analysis of tumor necrosis factor and its receptors in Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci. Lett. 172, 151–154 Bondy S. C. and Kirstein S. (1996) The promotion of iron induced generation of reactive oxygen species in nerve tissue by aluminum. Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. 27, 185–94. Bondy S. C., Ali S. F. and Guo-Ross S. (1998) Aluminum but not iron treatment induces pro- oxidant events in the rat brain. Mol. Chem. Neuropathol. 34, 219–232.
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Universidade de Santiago de Compost
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Don Ramón Soto Otero y Doña Estef
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Acknowledgements The work of this t
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Abbreviations AA ascorbic acid AD A
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Abbreviations (continuation) PCC pr
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List of figures (continuation) Chap
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TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....
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CHAPTER 3 Brain oxidative stress an
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INTRODUCTION PARKINSON’S DISEASE
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INTRODUCTION PD is found in all eth
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Bradykinesia INTRODUCTION Bradykine
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INTRODUCTION predate the occurrence
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Table 1: Differential diagnostic in
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INTRODUCTION Table 3: National Inst
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Figure 4: Dopamine catabolism (Mén
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The basal ganglia INTRODUCTION The
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The death of SNpc DAergic neurons I
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INTRODUCTION the dorsomedial part o
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INTRODUCTION characterized as are l
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INTRODUCTION (Olanow et al. 2004).
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Etiology and pathogenesis of PD INT
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Ageing INTRODUCTION Ageing remains
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INTRODUCTION The finding of MPTP to
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INTRODUCTION may clarify why many n
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Misfolding and aggregation of prote
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INTRODUCTION (E3) (Figure 18A). Los
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INTRODUCTION in connection with Par
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INTRODUCTION Oxidative damage happe
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DA metabolism as a source of ROS IN
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Contribution of oxidative and nitro
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Excitotoxicity INTRODUCTION Glutama
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INTRODUCTION al. 1996, Cicchetti et
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Experimental models of PD INTRODUCT
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INTRODUCTION induce selective DAerg
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ALUMINIUM General features INTRODUC
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INTRODUCTION Varying amounts of alu
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INTRODUCTION and antiperspirants co
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INTRODUCTION approximately 3% of al
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Excretion INTRODUCTION As insoluble
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INTRODUCTION 3.5 mg may be increase
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INTRODUCTION Oteiza 1999), non-iron
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Aluminium as a cell membrane menace
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INTRODUCTION mobilization of Ca 2+
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Aluminium impairs neurotransmission
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AIMS OF THE PRESENT THESIS The main
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OBJETIVOS
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OBJETIVOS 3) Evaluar de forma preci
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CHAPTER 1 Time-course of brain oxid
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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 86 6-OHDA (2
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CHAPTER 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS Che
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CHAPTER 1 followed by centrifugatio
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CHAPTER 1 RESULTS Effects of 6-OHDA
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CHAPTER 1 DISCUSSION 94 As shown by
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CHAPTER 1 strategies or to study th
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CHAPTER 1 Fig. 2 Changes in PCC in
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CHAPTER 2
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ABSTRACT CHAPTER 2 In the present w
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MATERIALS AND METHODS Chemicals CHA
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CHAPTER 2 atomization used were 1,5
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DISCUSSION CHAPTER 2 Aluminium ente
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Table 1. Graphite furnace programme
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CHAPTER 3 Brain oxidative stress an
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CHAPTER 3 INTRODUCTION 120 The huma
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CHAPTER 3 MATERIALS AND METHODS Che
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CHAPTER 3 1:15 for hippocampus and
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CHAPTER 3 initially incorporated to
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CHAPTER 3 RESULTS In vivo effects o
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CHAPTER 3 Effects of aluminium admi
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CHAPTER 3 DISCUSSION 132 Aluminium
Page 158 and 159: CHAPTER 3 hippocampus, showed simil
Page 160 and 161: CHAPTER 3 assume that the distinct
Page 162 and 163: CHAPTER 3 Fig. 1 Levels of TBARS (A
Page 164 and 165: CHAPTER 3 Fig. 2 Enzyme activity of
Page 166 and 167: CHAPTER 3 Fig. 3 Microphotographs s
Page 168 and 169: CHAPTER 3 Fig. 5 Levels of TBARS (A
Page 170 and 171: CHAPTER 3 Fig. 6 In vitro effects o
Page 173: SUMMARY
Page 176 and 177: SUMMARY values were attained at 48
Page 178 and 179: SUMMARY neurodegeneration in the DA
Page 181 and 182: CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in
Page 183: 13) Aluminium does affect neither M
Page 187 and 188: RESUMEN RESUMEN Desde el punto de v
Page 189 and 190: RESUMEN zonas cerebrales excepto en
Page 191: CONCLUSIONES
Page 194 and 195: CONCLUSIONES Capítulo 2 4) La admi
Page 196 and 197: CONCLUSIONES 172 En base a las conc
Page 199 and 200: Publications as a direct result fro
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Page 204 and 205: REFERENCES Agil A., Duran R., Barre
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REFERENCES 238 the generation of hy
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REFERENCES Yokel R. A. (2002a) Alum
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REFERENCES Zhou W., Zhu M., Wilson
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