Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ...
Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ... Mechanisms of aluminium neurotoxicity in oxidative stress-induced ...
Abbreviations (continuation) GSSH oxidized glutathione H2O2 hydrogen peroxide HVA homovanillic acid IL interleukin iNOS inducible nitric oxide synthase IP3 inositol triphosphate JP juvenile parkinsonism KO knock-out LB Lewy body L-DOPA 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine LN Lewy neurite LPS lipopolysaccharide Maneb manganese ethylenebisadithiocarbamate MAO monoamine oxidase MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase MDA malonodialdehyde MEF2 myocyte enhancer factor 2 MFB median forebrain bundle mGLUR metabotropic glutamate receptor Mit mitochondria MPP + 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium ion MPPP 1-methyl-4-phenyl-4-propionoxy-piperidine MPTP 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine MRI magnetic resonance imaging MSA multiple system atrophy mtDNA mitochondrial DNA MTP mitochondrial transition pore NBM nucleus basalis of Meynert NINDS National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NMDAR glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor nNOS neuronal nitric oxide synthase NO ● / NO nitric oxide oxygen O2 O2 ●─ superoxide anion oatp organic anion transporting polypeptide ● OH hydroxyl radical 6-OHDA 6-hydroxydopamine ONOO ●─ peroxynitrite
Abbreviations (continuation) PCC protein carbonyl content PCD programmed cell death PD Parkinson’s disease PET positron emission tomography PI phosphatidylinositol PIP2 phosphatidylinositol biphosphate PI-PLC phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C PKC protein kinase C PQ 1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyridinium, paraquat Prx2 peroxiredoxin 2 PSP progressive supranuclear palsy PTC protein thiol content RNS reactive nitrogen species ROOH hydroperoxides ROS reactive oxygen species SN substantia nigra SNpc substantia nigra pars compacta SNpr substantia nigra pars reticularis SOD superoxide dismutase SPECT single photon emission computarized tomography STN subthalamic nucleus t½ half life TBA thiobarbituric acid TBARS thiobarbituric acid reactive substances TEP 1,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane TH tyrosine hydroxylase, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase TH-ir tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity TNF-� tumour necrosis factor-� TPN total parenteral nutrition UPS ubiquitin-proteasome system VTA ventral tegmental area wt wild type YOPD young-onset PD
- Page 1: Universidade de Santiago de Compost
- Page 5: Don Ramón Soto Otero y Doña Estef
- Page 9 and 10: Acknowledgements The work of this t
- Page 11: Abbreviations AA ascorbic acid AD A
- Page 16 and 17: List of figures (continuation) Chap
- Page 19 and 20: TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ....
- Page 21: CHAPTER 3 Brain oxidative stress an
- Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION PARKINSON’S DISEASE
- Page 27 and 28: INTRODUCTION PD is found in all eth
- Page 29 and 30: Bradykinesia INTRODUCTION Bradykine
- Page 31 and 32: INTRODUCTION predate the occurrence
- Page 33 and 34: Table 1: Differential diagnostic in
- Page 35 and 36: INTRODUCTION Table 3: National Inst
- Page 37 and 38: Figure 4: Dopamine catabolism (Mén
- Page 39 and 40: The basal ganglia INTRODUCTION The
- Page 41 and 42: The death of SNpc DAergic neurons I
- Page 43 and 44: INTRODUCTION the dorsomedial part o
- Page 45 and 46: INTRODUCTION characterized as are l
- Page 47 and 48: INTRODUCTION (Olanow et al. 2004).
- Page 49 and 50: Etiology and pathogenesis of PD INT
- Page 51 and 52: Ageing INTRODUCTION Ageing remains
- Page 53 and 54: INTRODUCTION The finding of MPTP to
- Page 55 and 56: INTRODUCTION may clarify why many n
- Page 57 and 58: Misfolding and aggregation of prote
- Page 59 and 60: INTRODUCTION (E3) (Figure 18A). Los
- Page 61 and 62: INTRODUCTION in connection with Par
Abbreviations (cont<strong>in</strong>uation)<br />
PCC prote<strong>in</strong> carbonyl content<br />
PCD programmed cell death<br />
PD Park<strong>in</strong>son’s disease<br />
PET positron emission tomography<br />
PI phosphatidyl<strong>in</strong>ositol<br />
PIP2<br />
phosphatidyl<strong>in</strong>ositol biphosphate<br />
PI-PLC phosphatidyl<strong>in</strong>ositol-specific phospholipase C<br />
PKC prote<strong>in</strong> k<strong>in</strong>ase C<br />
PQ 1,1’-dimethyl-4,4’-bipyrid<strong>in</strong>ium, paraquat<br />
Prx2 peroxiredox<strong>in</strong> 2<br />
PSP progressive supranuclear palsy<br />
PTC prote<strong>in</strong> thiol content<br />
RNS reactive nitrogen species<br />
ROOH hydroperoxides<br />
ROS reactive oxygen species<br />
SN substantia nigra<br />
SNpc substantia nigra pars compacta<br />
SNpr substantia nigra pars reticularis<br />
SOD superoxide dismutase<br />
SPECT s<strong>in</strong>gle photon emission computarized tomography<br />
STN subthalamic nucleus<br />
t½<br />
half life<br />
TBA thiobarbituric acid<br />
TBARS thiobarbituric acid reactive substances<br />
TEP 1,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane<br />
TH tyros<strong>in</strong>e hydroxylase, tyros<strong>in</strong>e 3-monooxygenase<br />
TH-ir tyros<strong>in</strong>e hydroxylase immunoreactivity<br />
TNF-� tumour necrosis factor-�<br />
TPN total parenteral nutrition<br />
UPS ubiquit<strong>in</strong>-proteasome system<br />
VTA ventral tegmental area<br />
wt wild type<br />
YOPD young-onset PD
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