The Challenge of Low-Carbon Development - World Bank Internet ...

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Table H.1Project andlocationElectricity SectorEfficiencyImprovementProject, GuineaLiaoningMedium CitiesInfrastructureProject III, ChinaIntegrated SolarCombined CyclePower Project,MoroccoRenewableEnergy for RuralAccess, MongoliaHybrid SolarThermal IntegratedCycle,MexicoFuratena EnergyEfficiency Project,ColombiaUrban TransportProject, GhanaAssessment of Monitoring and Implementation Plans from Low-Carbon Energy Projects withPilot or Demonstration Objectives, 2007–09 (continued)YearBank commitmentto project(millions)ProductlineWhat is beingdemonstrated?2008 $11.7 GEF Pilot operation focusingon improvement ofcommercial and technicalefficiencies2008 $191.0 IBRD Contribute to implementationof heating reformby implementing in newheat-only boiler and CHPsupplied systems: pilotingtechnical approachesin network designthrough use of about 150building-level substationsand in meteringthrough use of buildinglevelmeters2007 $43.2 GEF Demonstration of operationalviability of hybridsolar thermal powergeneration (disseminationof information)2007 $7.0 GEF/IDADemonstration of technicalmodels for smallhybrid systems in the extremeclimate conditionsof Mongolia (disseminationof information,public awareness)2007 $49.4 GEF Demonstrate the operationalviability and valueadded of integrating asolar field with a large conventionalthermal facility2007 $1.1 CarbonfinanceDemonstration pilotto exemplify a new approachto panela (sugarcane) production andcommercialization2007 $8.0 GEF BRT Infrastructure designand implementationTo whom?Government,utilitiesProvincialgovernment,heating companies/utilitiesONE (utility),government,private sectorHerders,private sectorUtility, privatesectorHillside sugarcane producersLocalgovernments,transportationauthoritiesAssessment of monitoring andevaluation(0 = no details, 1 = moderate, 2 = strong)InternalprojectoutcomeLogical frameworkfor demonstrationDemonstrationimpact2 1 12 2 12 2 12 2 12 1 02 0 02 0 0Source: World Bank data.Note: CHP = combined heat and power; GEF = Global Environment Facility; IBRD = International Bank for Reconstruction and Development;IDA = International Development Association; LAC = Latin America and the Caribbean Region; NGO = nongovernmental organization;O&M = operations and maintenance; PPA = Power purchase agreement; SHS = solar home system.112 | Climate Change and the World Bank Group
Appendix ICarbon and Economic Returns of ProjectsTable I.1 Carbon and Economic Returns on ProjectsType ERR (%) Lifetime CO 2reductions (kg per $ investment) Data source (appraisal, evaluation)CFL 714 80 AppraisalCFL 122 26.7 EvaluationCFL 178 134 AppraisalT&D 43.2 6.8 AppraisalT&D 16.5 10.6 AppraisalT&D 22.4 14.9 EvaluationOff-grid solar 93.4 3.1 EvaluationOff-grid solar 31.0 11.8 Evaluationenergy efficiency finance 20.0 23.4 EvaluationFinancial intermediary energy efficiency 22.0 61.4 EvaluationFinancial intermediary energy efficiency 20 117.2 EvaluationDirect energy efficiency 143 160.3 AppraisalLarge hydro 18.1 57.2 AppraisalLarge hydro 7.0 15.4 AppraisalLarge hydro 17.1 21.8 AppraisalMedium hydro run-of-river 18.0 42.8 AppraisalHydro 6.7 42.4 AppraisalHydro run-of-river 2.9 32.9 AppraisalMedium hydro run-of-river 11.9 37.3 AppraisalMedium hydro run-of-river 14.3 77.9 AppraisalMedium hydro run-of-river 14.7 75.4 AppraisalMedium hydro reservoir 16.5 82.8 AppraisalMedium hydro 13.3 76.0 AppraisalMedium hydro 9.5 25.4 AppraisalHydro run-of-river 12.7 49.5 AppraisalAppendix I: Carbon and Economic Returns of Projects | 113
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Phase II: The Challenge of Low-Carb
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CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE WORLD BANK G
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Table of ContentsAbbreviations . .
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Figures1.1 GHG Emissions by Sector
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AcknowledgmentsThe report was prepa
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Executive SummaryUnabated, climate
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esettlement plans has been ineffect
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of some technologies, such as landf
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Scale up high-impact investmentsEne
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should have been strengthened in th
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Major monitorable IEGrecommendation
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Major monitorable IEGrecommendation
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Chairman’s Summary: Committee onD
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most places. Before we get there, w
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non-Annex I countries. The World Ba
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attention. In a couple of decades,
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GlossaryAdditionalityBankabilityBas
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Joint ImplementationA mechanism und
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Chapter 1evALuAtiOn HiGHLiGHts• T
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of interventions, from technical as
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would allow industrialized countrie
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growth, poverty reduction (includin
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Table 1.1 Map of the EvaluationSect
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Chapter 2eValuaTION HIGHlIGHTS• W
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Table 2.2Evaluated World Bank Renew
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Figure 2.2Breakdown of 2003-08 Low-
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Table 2.4 Commitments to Grid-Conne
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Box 2.1The Economics of Grid-Connec
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on average (Iyadomi 2010). (Reducti
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and industrial policy. An increasin
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Table 2.6Hydropower Investments by
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costs for remaining unelectrified a
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World Bank experienceTwo factors ac
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Box 2.5On-Grid and Off-Grid Renewab
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Energy EfficiencyThe first phase in
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Box 3.1ESCOs and Energy Performance
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have had limited causal impact on t
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measurement of achieved economic re
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Since the early 1990s, public entit
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part with a $198 million IDA credit
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Chapter 4eVAluATioN HigHligHTS• B
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The WBG urban transport portfolio (
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y conventional transport systems, i
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include the forest carbon projects
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for Costa Rica for the period 2000-
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After 20 years of effort, systemati
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orrowers have demonstrated the abil
Page 97 and 98: Chapter 5EVALuATioN HigHLigHTS• O
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Page 101 and 102: technologies could accelerate diffu
Page 103 and 104: A second issue, inherent to any adv
Page 105 and 106: goal of promoting wind turbine impr
Page 107 and 108: ConclusionsThe WBG’s efforts to p
Page 109 and 110: Table 5.1Carbon Funds at the World
Page 111 and 112: demonstration initiative. The Commu
Page 113 and 114: Impacts on technology transferThe 2
Page 115 and 116: Chapter 6Photo by Martin Wright/Ash
Page 117 and 118: Figure 6.1800Economic and Carbon Re
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Page 121 and 122: Table 6.1Summary of Sectoral Findin
Page 123 and 124: Table 6.1Sector Intervention Direct
Page 125 and 126: Appendix ARenewable Energy Tables a
Page 127 and 128: Table A.4Grid-Based Biomass/Biogass
Page 129 and 130: Table A.5 (continued)Negative examp
Page 131 and 132: Figure A.4A. Hydro/biomass capacity
Page 133 and 134: Appendix bWorld Bank Experience wit
Page 135 and 136: Table C.2Completed Low-Carbon Energ
Page 137 and 138: TAble C.4Reviewed energy efficiency
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Page 141 and 142: Table E.2Climate obligationsCoal Pl
Page 143 and 144: Table F.2GHG objectiveModeNumber of
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Page 151 and 152: Appendix JRecent WBG Developments i
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Page 161 and 162: Hartshorn, G., P. Ferraro, and B. S
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