Shodhan of Vishadravyas. Dr. V.A. Dole. M. D. - Techno Ayurveda

Shodhan of Vishadravyas.Prof. Dr. V.A. Dole. . M. D.Joint Director centre for postgraduatestudiesH. O. D. RasashastraTilak Ayurved Mahavidyalaya Pune 411011.1

Specific learning objectives.• Meaning and definitions of Shodhan andVisha.• Types Visha.• Nature of poisonous substances.• Nature of Shodhan processes.• Possible mode of actions.• Can these S. O. P. s be fixed with specificmarkers?2

Meaning and definitions• Shodhan is not purifiction.• Group of processes performed over rawmaterial to mask or reduce harmfulproperties.• Use of organic liquids and heat.• Etimology of the word Visha & definition.• The terms are relative.• Poison & Toxin.3

Properties of Visha.• Ashukaritva, Sukshma, Vyavayi,Laghutva areimportant• .• Organic substances of opposite attributes areselected for Shodhan.• Optimum reduction in poisonous properties isachieved.• Trial & error method.4

Shodhan - Copper.• Copper as a Poison.• Traditionally –Samanya& Vishesh• Are both really required?• Processes involved.• Possible effects.5

Shodhan- Copper sulphate.• Physical purification- Nirmalikaran.• Treatment with various organic liquids.The ‘raktavarga’.• Precipitates proteins. Irritant. Emetic• Possible effects.6

Shodhan-Arsenical compounds.• Somal- Arsenic oxide.• Boiling with bitter gourd.• Hartal – Arsenic trisulphide.• Boling with Calcium hydroxide, or otherorganic liquids.• Manahshila-Arsenicdisulphide.Chronicaccumulation.• Intimate mixing with Ginger.7

Possible mode of action.• Dilution, Physical removal of poisonousmatter, conversion in to nonpoisonousmatter etc.• Effectively reducing bioavailabiliy of theactive principle.• Trial & error method.8

Shodhan-Lead.• Not mentioned as poison as such.• Effects of unprocessed lead arementioned.• As per Modern medicine symptoms of leadpoisoning manifest after many days.• Shodhan process involves melting Lead inopen air & resolidifying in organic liquids,repeatedly.• Documentary proof of effects of Shodhan?9

Shodhan- Mercury.• Like Lead bad effects of unprocessedMercury are mentioned extensively.• First five of the ‘Ashta-sanskarssanskars reallymeant for purification, especially the ‘Patan.’• It is strongly believed that it can avoid badeffects.• Many processes.• No visible changes in appearance.10

Shodhan-Plant products.• Main attributes of poisonous plantproducts.• Contain lot of alkaloids.• Shodhan processes consist of boilingand/or immersing in organic liquids.• Removal or dilution of poisons by diffusionor conversion.11

Shodhan-Bhallataka• Semicarpus anacardium. . Fruit.• Contain tarry oily substance made up ofirritating constituents like Cardol,semicarpol,Bhilavanol etc.• Shodhan consists of breaking the nuts andgrinding with pieces of bricks.• Absorption of offending oily matter. 12

Shodhan-Vishtinduk• Strychnous nux vomica.• Contains Strychnine, Brusine, loganine asmain poisonous matter.• Immersion in Cows’ milk, removal ofexternal covering and kernel.• Denaturing the poisonous alkaloids. 13

Shodhan-Vatsanabh.• Aconitum ferox. Roots• Contains Aconitine, PsudoaconitineBnzylamine, Nepilline etc• First stimulate & then depress Myocardium.• Boiling in Cows’ milk, followed by immersionin Cows’ urine.• Reduces bioavailability by denaturing thecontents.14

Shodhan- Jaipal.• Croton tiglium. Seeds.• Contains Pale yellow coloured, bitter tasting oil.• Strong intestinal irritant and inflammatory agentToxalbumin• Soaking in water to remove tough outer covering& Kernel between the cotyledons.• Boiling in Cows’ milk• Triturating with Lemon juice. 15

Shodhana- Dhattur• Dhatura metel. Seeds.• Contains Atropine, Hyoscine Hyoscymineetc.• Boiling in Cows’ milk.• Denaturing of the active principle.16

Shodhan-Bhanga.• Cannabis indica. Leaves and seeds.• Contains THC ( Tetrahydroxy canabinol )• Soaking in water, drying, Boiling indecoction of Acacia arabica i. e. Babbul,Intimately mixing with Cows’ milk.• Reduces bioavailability by changing natureof the poisonous matter. 17

Shodhan- Ahifena.• Papaver somniferum.Unripe fruit issuperficially incised. Juice oozes out andgets dried.• Morphine and phenathrie are two maintypes of alkaloids. Total alkaloids morethan 200.• Nirmalikaran in water. Bhavana withGinger juice.18

Coclusions.• Shodhan is not Purification.• Group of processes performed overpoisonous matter so as to reduce harmfuleffects.• Use of various organic liquids.• Mode of actions by Dilution, Diffusion,Conversion.• Must be used cautiously, properly, in awell indicated condition under supervisionof physician19

Thank you!!.20