What Works for Women and Girls

Chapter 4.Prevention for Key AffectedPopulationsA. Female Sex WorkersB. Women Drug Users and Female Partners of Male IDUsC. Women Prisoners and Female Partners of Male PrisonersD. Women and Girls in Complex EmergenciesE. Migrant Women and Female Partners of Male MigrantsF. Transgender Women and MenG. Women Who Have Sex with Women (WSW)Some women are particularly at risk of HIV acquisition due to their occupational exposures,their behavior or that of their sexual partner(s), their sexual identity and/or their sexual orientation.These women live in particularly challenging situations. These groups of women—sexworkers, injecting drug users (IDUs) or female partners of IDUs, transgender people, migrantwomen and female partners of male migrants, women prisoners and female partners of maleprisoners, women and girls in complex emergencies and women who have sex with women—have specific needs in prevention and are often marginalized within their societies. It is key toaddressing the needs of women and girls to acknowledge the specific needs of these marginalizedgroups of women.While public health epidemiology can clarify which groups in which countries are the mostat risk of HIV acquisition, an understanding is needed of the fluidity between some groups.For example, sex workers are rarely considered as the focus of PMTCT programs, despiteabundant evidence that sex workers get pregnant and have children. In some parts of theworld, substantial overlap occurs between sex work and drug use: an estimated 20–50% of75