What Works for Women and Girls

Microfinance is often defined as financial services for poor and low-income clients. In practice,the term is often used more narrowly to refer to loans and other services from providers thatidentify themselves as “microfinance institutions.”Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are eight goals to be achieved by 2015 that respond tothe world’s main development challenges. The MDGs are drawn from the actions and targetscontained in the Millennium Declaration that was adopted by 189 nations-and signed by 147heads of state and governments during the UN Millennium Summit in September 2000. Theeight MDGs break down into 21 quantifiable targets that are measured by 60 indicators.Mixed Feeding refers to feeding a baby both breast milk and other foods or liquids, such aswater, glucose water, tea, infant formula, cow milk or other breast-milk substitutes, porridgeor rice.Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is defined as TB with resistance to isoniazid andrifampicin, the two most powerful first line drugs.Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI) are one of the 3 component drugtreatments for HAART. These drugs stop HIV from multiplying by blocking the reverse transcriptaseenzyme. This enzyme changes HIV’s genetic material (RNA) into the form of DNA.This step has to occur before HIV’s genetic code gets combined with an infected cell’s owngenetic codes. Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, called NNRTIs or non-nukes,physically prevent the reverse transcriptase enzyme from working.Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) generally refers to orphans and other groups of childrenwho are more exposed to risks than their peers. In an operational context, they are thechildren who are most likely to fall through the cracks of regular programs, or, using socialprotection terminology: OVC are groups of children that experience negative outcomes, suchas the loss of their education, morbidity, and malnutrition, at higher rates than do their peers.Peer Education Training people to teach people of their own age group or background.People Living with AIDS (PLWA) refers to those both infected and affected by HIV/AIDS.Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is any type of face mask, glove, or clothing that acts as abarrier between infectious materials and the skin, mouth, nose, or eyes (mucous membranes).When used properly, personal protective equipment can help prevent the spread of infectionfrom one person to another.Postpartum (PP), also termed puerperium, refers to the 6-week period following childbirth.390 GLOSSARY OF TERMS