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<strong>AGRONOMIJAS</strong> VĒSTIS (Latvian Journal of Agronomy), No.10, LLU, 2008The following cycle regime was used: 95 ○ C for 10 minutes; 95 ○ C for 30 seconds, 60 ○ C for 30seconds, 72 ○ C for one minute for 30 cycles.The all PCR products were resolved on 6% PAGE at 110 V constant voltage for 40 minutesand visualized by UV light after staining in ethidium bromide (Bernoco et al., 1998).ResultsWe have tested 27 Arabian horses (Russian Federation) and 30 Latvian horses.The same forward primer SCID3 was used for the tow alleles. The product size were 166long when successfully using the SCID1 reverse praimer and 169 bases long when using SCID2reverse praimer. Praimers SCID1 - SCID3 didn’t give clear results.The fragment generated by the wild type allele is 163 base pairs, whereas the size generatedby the SCID allele is 158 base pairs (Swinburne et al., 1999). Our results are shown in Figure 1.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10163 bpFigure 1. Wild type allele from horse samplesPCR products drifted on the holes Nr.1-10 and resolved on 6% PAGE, visualized by UV light afterstaining in ethidium bromide. On the illustration we are looking at one zone of the long 163 basepairs. The present length corresponds to the wild type, this means the that allele do not containSCID delitions. The result shows that horses which we examined are not carriers of SCID.DiscussionThe traditional recommendation in veterinary medicine would be the gelding of theseanimals to prevent other affected offspring being produced. However, this is no longer necessaryand not in the best interest of the breed. Carrier animals that have all the desirable traits for whichthe breed is known can now be mated to other tested animals who are clear and thus produce nonaffectedfoals. Similarly, their offspring can be tested and appropriate matings set up in the nextgenerations without the breed ever suffering the loss of another foal to SCID. In this manner, thebreed still continues to benefit from all of the outstanding traits that a carrier animal may possess.Nowadays the breeds serviced are Arabian, Arab cross bred with: Appaloosa, Connamara Pony,Morgan, National Showhorse, Saddlebred, Thoroughbred, Trakehner, Welsh Pony (VetGet, 2007).The heterozygous carriers are therefore phenotypically normal, but pass on the defective gene to50% of their offspring. Affected foals result from 25% of carrier-carrier mating (Figure 2).260
<strong>AGRONOMIJAS</strong> VĒSTIS (Latvian Journal of Agronomy), No.10, LLU, 2008If you Breed a CLEAR Stallion to a CLEARmare you will get ALL CLEAR Foals!! Thiswould be considered the Ideal breedingsituation.If you Breed a CLEAR Stallion to aCARRIER mare or if you breed a CLEARMare to a CARRIER Stallion you will getFoals that are Clear and Carriers at a ratio of50/50. You will NOT get any SCID Foals!!This would be considered the an Acceptablebreeding situation.If you Breed a CARRIER Stallion to aCARRIER mare you will have a 25%chance of getting a SCID FOAL There willbe a 25% chance that the foals will beCLEAR and there will be a 50% chancethat the foals will be CARRIERS. This isconsidered to be a HIGH RISK breedingsituation and is not encouraged.Figure 2. SCID gene allocation in horses (Johnson S., et al)There have been a number of studies during recent years which attempt to estimate the truefrequency of SCID carriers in the Arab horse population. Most sources speculate that thepercentage of Arab foals which die of SCID is 2-3%. If coverings are random this would imply that28-35% of Arab horses are carriers. Selective breeding ensures that covering is not randomhowever, so the true frequency of carriers in the population may fall outside this range.Taking into account the urgency of this problem, 2 laboratories began testing Arabianhorses that are found in The Russian Federation and Latvia. Nowadays We recessive allele was notfound. We are planning to test 200 Latvian horses.References1. McGuire, TC, Poppie, MJ. (1973) Hypogammaglobulinemia and thymic hypoplasia in horses: a primarycombined immunodeficiency disorder, Infect Immun 8: 272-277.2. Perryman, LE, McGuire TC, Crawford TB, (1978) Maintenance of foals with combinedimmunodeficiency: causes and control of secondary infections, Am J Vet Res 39: 1161-1167.261
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AGRONOMIJAS VÄSTIS - Latvijas LauksaimniecÄ«bas universitÄte