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<strong>AGRONOMIJAS</strong> VĒSTIS (Latvian Journal of Agronomy), No.10, LLU, 20081Korelācijas koeficients/Correlation coefficient0,50-0,5lapas/ leaves stiebri/ stems vārpas/ ears lapas/ leaves stiebri/ stems vārpas/ earsVidēji agrīnas šėirnes/ Medium early varietiesVidēji vēlīnas šėirnes/ Medium late varieties-16.att. Korelācija starp slāpekĜa saturu auga daĜās un proteīna saturu./Figure 6. Correlation between nitrogen content in plant parts and graincrude protein content.AS32 AS51 AS69DiskusijaIzmēăinājumā noskaidrots, ka slāpekĜa izmantošanās ziemas kviešos izmēăinājumā visāveăetācijas periodā norit nevienmērīgi, kā tas ir arī atzīts citu autoru (Archer, 1988, Bertholdson,Stoy, 1995) pētījumos. DaĜa no augiem nepieciešamajām vielām tiek izmantota no augsnēesošajiem krājumiem, bet barības vielas no iestrādātajiem minerālmēsliem praktiski vienmēr tiekizmantotas nepilnīgi. Veiktajos izmēăinājumos to atspoguĜo arī minerālā slāpekĜa satura izmaiĦasaugsnē veăetācijas perioda laikā, kad konstatētas atšėirības starp vidēji agrīnām un vidēji vēlīnāmšėirnēm. Izmēăinājumā konstatēta arī pārsvarā būtiska korelācija starp slāpekĜa saturu augsnē unaugos un graudu ražu un vienu no graudu kvalitātes rādītājiem – proteīna saturu, kas liecina, pardažādu faktoru ietekmi uz graudu ražas veidošanās procesu.SecinājumiSlāpekĜa saturs vidēji augā pieaug līdz stiebrošanas fāzes vidum un tā koncentrācija iratkarīga no pielietotās slāpekĜa mēslojuma normas, taču atšėirīga pēc veăetācijas perioda garumadažādām šėirnēm. Konstatēta būtiska korelācija starp slāpekĜa saturu vidēji augā AS-51 etapā ungraudu ražu vidēji intensīva tipa šėirnēm, kā arī visām šėirnēm korelācija starp slāpekĜa saturuvidēji augā AS-69 etapā. 15 gadījumos no 18 atrasta pozitīva korelācija starp slāpekĜa saturuaugsnē un graudu ražu. SlāpekĜa mēslojums būtiski ietekmē slāpekĜa saturu ziemas kviešu augulapās un stiebros, taču tā saturs dažādām šėirnēm un arī dažādās augu attīstības fāzēs ir atšėirīgs.SlāpekĜa saturam auga lapās vidēji intensīva tipa šėirnēm 32 un 51 augu attīstības etapos pastāvbūtiska korelācija ar proteīna saturu, bet intensīva tipa šėirnēm šāda korelācija ir 51 un 69 auguattīstības etapos.Literatūra1. Archer J. (1988) Crop nutrition and fertiliser use. Farming Press LTD. Suffolk. 265.2. Bertholdsson N. O., Stoy V. (1995). Yields of dry matter and nitrogen in highly diverging genotypes ofwinter wheat in relation to N-uptake and N-utilization. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science 175, 285-364.3. Boskovic L., Bokan N. (1996) Journal Science of Agriculture Research 57. 204/2, 69-74.4. Hay R.K., Walker A.J. (1994) An introduction to the physiology of crop yield. New York, 292.5. Haynes R. J. (1986) Mineral nitrogen in the plant - soil system. Academic Press. INC., Toronto, 379-443.6. Karele I. and Ruza A. (2001) Mineral nutrition interaction in leaves. stems. and ears of winter wheat.Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Agriculture in Baltic States. Tartu. E.Lauringsonet.al. (eds.), Tartumaa Ltd., 48-54.7. Ruza A., Dominiece I. (1995) Spring wheat – yielding capacity and quality of grains. Transactions of theEstonian Agricultural University. Nr.182. Tartu, 101-102.192
<strong>AGRONOMIJAS</strong> VĒSTIS (Latvian Journal of Agronomy), No.10, LLU, 20088. Sharpe R.R. (1988) Nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen budget for conservation tilled wheat. J. SoilScience of America. Sept/Oct V.52(5), 1394-1398.THE EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF RHIZOBIUM LUPINI STRAINSSteinberga V., Alsina I., Ansevica A., Dubova L., Liepina L.Latvia University of Agriculture Institution of Soil and Plant SciencesStrazdu street 1, Jelgava, LV – 3004, Latvia, phone +371 3010612, e-mail: ina.alsina@llu.lvAbstractBiologically fixed nitrogen plays an important role in crop rotation of green agriculture.Significant increase of legumes yields are obtained by seed treatment with active nitrogen fixingbacteria strains before sowing. The possibility of the improvement of plant biomass yields throughthe use of more efficient combinations of Rhizobia and legumes was explored.Experiments were carried out the at Institute of Plant and Soil Sciences Latvian University ofAgriculture to investigate the effectiveness of two Rhizobium lupini strains- a commercialpreparation, nitragin, marketed by the company ‘Bioefekts’ and the strain Rhizobium lupini fromthe collection of the Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences.The test samples were placed in 5 L pots with washed river sand, mixed with KemiraGrowHow NPK 0 – 5 – 20 and microelements fertilizer. Nitrogen was added as ammonium nitrate,0.024 g per 1 kg of sand for inoculated plants, and ten times more (0.24 g kg -1 ) for the controlvariant, where plants were not inoculated. In the vegetation pot experiments three lupines species,L. luteus variety ‘Juno’, L. angustifolius variety ‘Sonet’ and L. albus variety ‘Wat’ were used.Before sowing the lupine seeds were inoculated with Rhizobium lupini strains.The results showed that plants receiving increased nitrogen dosages sprout later and lag inheight in the period of active growth. The plant length depends on plant species. The smallestlength was observed of the species L. angustifolius variety ‘Sonet’, the largest are plants of thespecies L. luteus variety ‘Juno’. The inoculation of plant seeds promotes increase in plant length tillthe phase of bud formation. There are no significant differences between Rhizobium lupini strains.The largest fresh and dry weights were observed for L. albus variety ‘Wat’, but species L.angustifolius had the smallest fresh and dry weight. The largest dry matter content in plants till thestage of bud formation was observed for inoculated plants. After the phase of flowering it wasfound that symbiotic systems are not sufficient in providing nitrogen. The effectiveness ofRhizobium lupini strains are species dependent.Key wordsRhizobium lupini strains, lupine, inoculationIntroductionOne of the properties of nitrogen fixing bacteria is to form nodules on plant roots and fixnitrogen from the atmosphere. The symbiosis between bacteria of the genus Rhizobium and theirleguminous host plants results in the formation of root nodules in a species- specific way, in that aparticular bacterial species can nodulate only a limited number of host species. Symbiosis convertsthe inert form of nitrogen (N 2 ) to organic nitrogen and incorporates it into proteins, nucleic acidsand other cellular components. By symbiosis plants provide bacteria with nutrition elements,mostly sugars, and ensure favorable conditions for life in the nodules. Much more viable bacteriareturns to the soil after the decomposition of the plants. (Spaink et al., 1987; Stephens and Rask,2000, Ovalle et al., 2006)The encouragement of Rhizobium - legume symbioses definitely increases the incorporationof biological fixed nitrogen into the soil ecosystem (Metting F.B. 1993). A large part of thebiological nitrogen fixation in agricultural systems is derived from the cultivation of legumes. It isestimated that each year the soil is enriched with nitrogen from 100 to 300 kg per hectare, at theend of the vegetative period and after the decomposition of the plant. (Schlegel, 1992; Tate, 1994)193
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