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Revisiting the Canon through the Ghazal in English 1893. giriya nikaale hai teree bazm se mujh kohaay ! ki roone pe ikhtiyaar naheen hai[giriya = weeping, ikhtiyaar = control ]4. hamse abas hai gumaan-e-ranjish-e-khaatirkhaak mein ushshaaq kee ghubaar naheen hai[‘abas = indifferent, gumaan = suspicion,ranjish=unpleasantness, khaak = ashes/dust, ushshaaq =lovers, ghubaar = clouds of dust]5. dil se uthaa lutf-e-jalva haay ma'aneeghair-e-gul aainaa-e-bahaar naheen hai[ ma'anee = meanings, ghair-e-gul = blossoms ]6. qatl ka mere kiya hai 'ahad to baarewaae ! akhar 'ahad ustuwaar naheen hai['ahad = promise, baare = at last, ustuwaar =frim/determined]7. toone qasam mai_kashee kee khaaee hai ‘Ghalib’teree qasam ka kuchch 'eitbaar naheen hai ![mai_kashee = boozing, 'eitbaar = trust/faith] 6In almost all ghazals by Ghalib, the poet signs the lastcouplet (“makhta”) by including her/his name or pen name(“takhallus”). The theme revolves around the pangs of love – therestlessness and the sufferings of the beloved, who has relied on thepromises that were made by a drunken lover. The rhyme scheme ofthe ghazal is aa, ba, ca, da, ea, fa, ga. The refrain (radif) in the aboveghazal rests in the phrase ‘naheen hai’, which is repeated at the end