A Handbook of Rice Seedborne Fungi TW Mew and P ... - IRRI books

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Detection frequency (%)100806040200Detection level (%)10080East AsiaEuropeLatin AmericaSouth AsiaSoutheast AsiaSub-Saharan Africa60402001990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997YearFig. 5. Detection level (a) and frequency (b) of Alternaria padwickii from imported untreated seeds, 1990-97.young, becoming creamy yellow when mature;pinkish to light violet pigmentation is produced onthe blotter; conidia are borne singly per conidiophore;darker than mycelia; sterile appendageprominent (Fig. 6a-c).c. Location on the seedA. padwickii is most often observed growing overthe entire seed surface (36%) (Fig. 7).Microscopic charactera. Mycelia—septate, profusely branched; hyalinewhen young, becoming creamy yellow when mature;branches arising at right angles from themain axis (Fig. 6d).b. Conidiophore—simple, not sharply distinguishablefrom mature hyphae, often swollen at the apex,hyaline when young, becoming creamy yellowwhen mature (Fig. 6e).c. Conidia—straight, shape varies from fusiform toobclavate and rostrate or in some caseselongately fusoid; with long sterile appendage; atfirst hyaline, becoming straw-colored to goldenbrown; thick-walled; 3–5 septate; constricted atthe septum; 4- to 5-celled, second cell from thebase larger than the rest of the cells (Fig. 6f).Measurements: 81.42–225.40 µ long includingappendage; 11.96–23.46 µ wide at the broadestpart and 2.99–5.52 µ wide at the center of the appendage(PSA); 83.95–203.78 µ long includingappendage; 9.66–17.48 µ wide in the broadest partand 3.45–5.75 µ wide at the middle of the appendage.Colony characters on culture media (Fig. 8)Colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) incubated atambient room temperature (ART) (28–30 °C) grow15
→ab→ef→f→cd →→Fig. 6. Habit character of Alternaria padwickii (Ganguly) Ellis on (a) whole seed (8X) and on sterile lemmas at (b)12.5X and (c) 25X. Photomicrograph of A. padwickii showing (d) mycelia, (e) conidiophore, and (f) conidia at 40Xand stained with lactophenol blue.Observed frequency (%)403020100SterilelemmasAwnPartitionbet. lemmaand paleaSeed partEntireseedLemma/paleaonly orbothFig. 7. Observed frequency of Alternaria padwickiioccurrence on seed part.Fig. 8. Plate culture of Alternaria padwickii Ellis showingcolony growths on potato dextrose agar (PDA), potatosucrose agar (PSA), and malt extract agar (MEA)incubated at ambient room temperature (ART), 21 °C,and 28 °C at 15 d after inoculation.16
Page 4 and 5: ContentsPrefaceVINTRODUCTION 1FUNCT
Page 6: PrefaceSeed health testing has beco
Page 10: Functions of seed health testingSee
Page 14 and 15: Table 3. Pathogen profiles closely
Page 16 and 17: Table 4. Germination (%) of untreat
Page 18: Microorganisms associated with seed
Page 21: Seedborne fungi causing foliage dis
Page 25 and 26: Fig. 9. Occurrence of brown spot (O
Page 27 and 28: →deaebdedde→cFig. 11. Habit cha
Page 29 and 30: ported in 1910 in Japan. The causal
Page 31 and 32: Microdochium oryzae (Hashioka & Yok
Page 33 and 34: abcdFig. 20. Habit character of Mic
Page 35 and 36: . Occurrence/distributionRice blast
Page 37 and 38: →abcdee→→e→→Fig. 25. Habi
Page 39 and 40: Fig. 28. Occurrence of bakanae (Ou
Page 41 and 42: ab→d→→→→f→→eg→→
Page 43 and 44: Detection frequency (%)120100East A
Page 45 and 46: orange. On the reverse side of the
Page 47 and 48: Detection frequency (%)120100East A
Page 49 and 50: Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc.syn. F
Page 51 and 52: verse side of the agar plate is zon
Page 53 and 54: ab→→f→→ce→d→Fig. 48. Ha
Page 55 and 56: Fig. 51. Occurrence of glume blight
Page 57 and 58: abece→dFig. 53. Habit character o
Page 59 and 60: ab→→→fefcdFig. 57. Habit char
Page 61 and 62: seedlings and reduction in tillers
Page 63 and 64: abcdFig. 62. Habit character of Til
Page 65 and 66: abeedefcfFig. 63. Habit character o
Page 67 and 68: ab→→ecdFig. 67. Habit character
Page 69 and 70: →→→→ab→d→→e→aFig. 7
Page 71 and 72: abcFig. 75. Habit character of Fusa
Page 73 and 74:
a→→→→→→af→db→fce→
Page 75 and 76:
→abf→→→f→e→→edc→dFi
Page 77 and 78:
→→→→→→→→→→→
Page 79 and 80:
abfecdFig. 88. Habit character of P
Page 81 and 82:
→→→→→ab→decFig. 90. Hab
Page 83 and 84:
→ag→→fg→→b→e→cdFig. 9
Page 85 and 86:
→→→→abcdFig. 98. Habit char
Page 87 and 88:
abecedFig. 102. Habit character of
Page 89 and 90:
ReferencesAgarwal PC, Mathur SB. 19
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A Handbook of Rice Seedborne Fungi TW Mew and P ... - IRRI books

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