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Matthews, Donald M. (1997):The early glyptic of Tell Brak – Cylinder seals of third-millenniumSyria [OBO 15], University of Fribourg Press and Vandenhoeckund Ruprecht, Fribourg and Göttingen.Matthews, Roger J. (1993):Cities, seals and writing: archaic seal impressions from Jemdet Nasrand Ur, Materialien zu den frühen Schrifterzeugnissen desVorderen Orients [MSVO] Bd. 2., Gebr. Mann Verlag, Berlin.Pittman, Holly (1994):The Glazed Steatite Glyptic Style - The Structure and Function of anImage System in the Administration of ProtoliterateMesopotamia [BBVO 16], Dietrich Reimer Verlag, Berlin.Strommenger, Eva (1980):Habuba Kabira. Eine Stadt vor 5000 Jahren, Ausgrabungen derDeutschen Orient-Gesellschaft am Euphrat in Habuba Kabira –Syrien, Philipp von Zabern, Mainz am Rhein.UE III:Leon Legrain: Ur Excavations volume III: Archaic Seal Impressions,The Trustees of the Two Museums (The British Museum and TheUniversity Museum), by the aid of a Grant from the CarnegieCorporation of New York, London and Philadelphia 1936.Zettler, Richard L. (1989):Pottery Profiles Reconstructed from Jar Sealings in the Lower SealImpression Strata (SIS 8-4) at Ur: New Evidence for dating, in: A.Leonard jr. / B. B. Williams (eds.), Essays in Ancient Civilizationpresented to H.J. Kantor [SAOC 47], Chicago, 369-387.DiscussionCharvát: I am not quite certain about the identity of the diametresof cylinder-seal rollings and the stamp-seal impressions. I have triedto do this work myself and it is very rarely that we may say withcomplete certainty that the two diametres are identical.Sallaberger: Do different counter-marks on the same seal impressionsexist?28
Charvát: Yes, they do. UE III: 297, a military-triumph scene, iscounter-marked with a boar image. In UE III: 131, the same scene iscounter-signed by a rosette. The underlying triumph scene which Iobserved on the item in the University Museum of Archaeology andAnthropology of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia wasnot drawn in UE III: 131, perhaps by mistake or forgetfulness.Otto: On the other hand, UE III: 212 and 214 are counter-signed bya very similar signet representing perhaps a spider- or scorpionimage. This makes an assumption that one or two people mighthave been present when the door was closed probable.Sallaberger: Seals represent rather administrative offices thanpeople, therefore it is difficult to see in them any personal(-ized)markings. At any rate, what can be said about the city seals?Charvát: Hardly anything of undoubtable certainty. They representa cluster (confederation?) of municipal communities of Sumer whichchose to materialize whatever relations existed among them bycirculation of material goods. Some of these goods came in as IL 2 (=tax, collection), but in most cases we cannot assess theadministrative usages directing the flow of the goods. My ownimpression is that this was an attempt at recreation the one-timeunity of the (Late-) Uruk polity, after it had decomposed into agrouping of its small-size replicas.Sallaberger: Are there tablets from temples only?Otto: What, in fact, is a temple? If we define it as a highlysophisticated architectural unit, then the answer is yes. But untilthe Akkadian period we dispose of no safe evidence for religion andreligious structures. A sprinkling of seals – but very few – do showgods but hardly any conclusions can be based on this.Charvát: I have pointed to at least one instance of signs of writingon purely secular objects, such as spindle whorls, in my book. 3131 Petr Charvát, Mesopotamia Before History, London and New York:Routledge, Tylor and Francis 2002, 154 fig. 5.16.29
Page 3 and 4: Shepherds of the Black-headed Peopl
Page 7 and 8: ContentsPreface ...................
Page 10 and 11: from October 5 th to October 7 th ,
Page 13: The third millennium
Page 17 and 18: IntroductionArchaeological data con
Page 19: etween SIS 6 and 5 which comprise t
Page 22 and 23: What informations on the organizati
Page 24 and 25: and seal impressions found therein
Page 26 and 27: oriented towards a treelike element
Page 28 and 29: for rolling its surface on the clay
Page 33 and 34: The city and the palace at archaic
Page 35 and 36: sanctuary and saŋŋa a priest. Cha
Page 37 and 38: Ur, the shipments of goods marked b
Page 39: Otto: However, in later periods of
Page 42 and 43: On the other hand, Richard Zettler,
Page 44 and 45: UE III : 43,found in SIS 7UE III: 4
Page 46 and 47: UE III: 105(ms)UE III: 134UE III: 1
Page 48 and 49: dignitary?)UE III: 442 "lock" 0 dig
Page 50 and 51: UE III: 91 (ms)"lock" onwattle wall
Page 52 and 53: een sealed(RA); KISALMatthews1993,
Page 54 and 55: UE III: 412 ?? 0 GU, 84 Larsa,AB?,
Page 56 and 57: (SIS 4)rosetteMatthews1993, No. 40(
Page 58 and 59: UE III: 142 container (pot) 0 GADA(
Page 60 and 61: coveringUE III: 464reed mattingpack
Page 62 and 63: UE III: 257container(storage jar)0
Page 64 and 65: UE III: 437?reed fastening counterm
Page 66 and 67: procreative force. This seems to me
Page 68 and 69: As to the purpose of the deliveries
Page 70 and 71: Charvát, Petr (2006):"Hail, Thou s
Page 72 and 73: Rosengarten, Yvonne (1960):Le conce
Page 74 and 75: ZATU:Hans-Jörg Nissen, Margaret Gr
Page 77 and 78: Naram-Sin’s deificationPavel Krá
Page 79 and 80: (made) the god of their city, and t
Page 81 and 82:
Empire”. 152 Since the patron dei
Page 83 and 84:
could help us to better understand
Page 85 and 86:
above, at Tell Brak were found bric
Page 87 and 88:
we consider the fact that somebody
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DiscussionSallaberger: How do we, i
Page 92 and 93:
Despite all the references to Šulg
Page 94 and 95:
of the state, especially to the god
Page 96 and 97:
3) Šulgi F (HS 1411 = TMH NF 4 11,
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Therefore, I agree with Klein that
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There are also other, though more a
Page 102 and 103:
39 called you by the name: ‘Youth
Page 104 and 105:
Nippur and Ur on a single day (Š6/
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meant to mark the shift of Šulgi
Page 108 and 109:
Flückiger-Hawker, Esther (1999):Ur
Page 110 and 111:
Römer, Willem H. Ph. (1969):"Köni
Page 113:
The second millennium
Page 116 and 117:
period by the historians, which com
Page 118 and 119:
His study The Economic Role of the
Page 120 and 121:
"Zudem wurden die babylonischen St
Page 122 and 123:
supported by the neighboring cities
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available. 255 The numbers of texts
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abi and inherited by his son Samsu-
Page 128 and 129:
ReferencesEdzard, Dietz Otto (2004)
Page 130 and 131:
Sallaberger: Could the military und
Page 132 and 133:
A. The iconographyAs is customary o
Page 134 and 135:
seated%121086seated%420Sli Sa AS Sm
Page 136 and 137:
60504030mace%smiting%20100Sli Sa AS
Page 138 and 139:
Which can be expressed in the follo
Page 140 and 141:
The fifth of the first sangas, Annu
Page 142 and 143:
V. Annum-pī-Aja Aja Sm-Ḫa 18Ḫa
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7. Sîn-bani ḪammurabiḪa 30 - 3
Page 146 and 147:
Pientka, R. (1998):Die Spätaltbaby
Page 149 and 150:
Esarhaddon’s accession to the Ass
Page 151 and 152:
FatherBut the most important person
Page 153 and 154:
this solution was considered to be
Page 155 and 156:
circumstances that made Sennacherib
Page 157 and 158:
ecame an official queen neither she
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which is addressed to the wife of f
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mangu was certainly the skin diseas
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scenario is that the king realized
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guarding some temple. 400 Neverthel
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crossed Tigris, on 8 th Addaru he v
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members of a few prominent families
Page 171 and 172:
The appointment of the crown prince
Page 173 and 174:
prince, and, shortly after the deat
Page 175 and 176:
Baker, H. D. (ed.) (2001):The Proso
Page 177 and 178:
Lukko, M.; Buylaere, G. Van (2002):
Page 179:
SAA Online: (29 th September2010)Sa
Page 182 and 183:
Fig. 1: Assyrian relief from Nineve
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periods constituted the target of o
Page 186 and 187:
Fig. 2: Archaeological map of Arbil
Page 188:
Nováček: In fact, they could take
Page 192 and 193:
Arda-Mullissi (or Urdu-Mullissu,Ura
Page 194 and 195:
door peg 41; 45; 46; 48; 49; 51;53;
Page 196 and 197:
Išbi-Erra 120Isin 64; 90; 102; 120
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Nineveh 22; 149; 150; 153; 156;159;
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storage 23; 36; 39; 42; 43; 47;54;
Page 203 and 204:
BibliographyAlberti Amedeo, Pomponi
Page 205 and 206:
Borger, R.; Hinz, W.; Römer, W. H,
Page 207 and 208:
Dahl, Jacob (2006):Revisiting B a l
Page 209 and 210:
Frayne, D. (1993):Sargonic and Guti
Page 211 and 212:
Hunger, H. (1992):Astrological Repo
Page 213 and 214:
LAK: Anton Deimel:Die Inschriften v
Page 215 and 216:
Melville, S. C. (1999):The Role of
Page 217 and 218:
Parpola, S., Watanabe, K. (1988):Ne
Page 219 and 220:
Rosengarten, Yvonne (1960):Le conce
Page 221 and 222:
Starr, I. (1990):Queries to the Sun
Page 223 and 224:
UE III:Leon Legrain: Ur Excavations
Page 225:
Woods, Christopher (2005a):On the E
Page 228 and 229:
BEThe Babylonian Expedition of the
Page 230 and 231:
LAS IParpola, S., Letters from Assy
Page 232 and 233:
SAOCStudies in Ancient Oriental Civ
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