Policy framework for Pastoralism in Africa

2.4 Social and cultural contexts 183. Political Context, and Pastoralism and Policy in Africa 203.1 The colonial legacy 203.2 The post-colonial policy environment 213.2.1 Negative trends: the myth of the ‘tragedy of the commons’ 223.2.2 Positive trends: pro-pastoral policies and legislation in Africa 223.3 Contemporary pastoral policy and development challenges 243.3.1 Conflict 243.3.2 Demographic trends 253.3.3 Global trends 26a) Globalization and shifting global markets and related trends 26b) Decentralisation and Localisation 26c) Improved communication technologies 27d) Food price increases and financial crises 27e) Urbanization 27f) International migration and remittances 28g) Counter-terrorism, organised crime and insecurity 28h) New and emerging diseases 28i) Climate change 294. Framework principles, objectives and strategies 304.1 Framework principles 304.1.1 Recognize the rights of pastoralists 304.1.2 Political and policy processes 304.1.3 Pastoralism as a way of life and a production system 304.1.4 The importance of strategic mobility 304.1.5 The importance of regional approaches 314.1.6 Managing risks 314.1.7 Acknowledge and build on existing policy processes 314.1.8 Updating the policy framework 314.2 Framework objectives and strategies 31Objective 1 32Strategy 1.1 Recognize the role of pastoralism in development 32Strategy 1.2 Demonstrating commitment to pastoral policy development 33Strategy 1.3 Integrating pastoral issues into decision-making processes 34Strategy 1.4 Acknowledge the legitimacy of indigenous pastoral institutions 34Strategy 1.5 Strengthening the role and rights of women in pastoral communities 35Securing, Protecting and Improving the Lives, Livelihoods and Rights of Pastoralist Communities3