FISHER, R.L. SCLATER, J.G. and McKENZIE, D.P. (1971). Evolution of the Central IndianRidge, western Indian Ocean. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 82,553-562.GENERAL BATHYMETRIC CHART OF THE OCEANS (GEBCO)(1981). 5* Edition. Can.Hydrogr. Service, Ottawa.GEOLOGICAL-GEOPHYSICAL ATLAS OF THE INDIAN OCEAN (1975). MOSCOW,AN SSSR,GUGK.GOSLIN, J., SEGOUFIN, J., SCHLICH, R. and FISHER, R.L. (1980). Submarine topographyand shallow structure of the Madagaskar Ridge, western Indian Ocean. Geol. Soc. Am.Bull., 91, 741-753.GROLL, M. (1912). Tiefenkarten der Ozeane. Veroff. Inst. Meereskunde, Berlin.HAXBY, W.F., KARNER, G.D., LABREQUE, J.L. and WEISSEL, J.K. (1983). Digital images ofcombined oceanic and continental data set and their use in tectonic studies. EOS, Trans.Amer. Geophys. Union, 64, 995-1004.HEEZEN, B.C., LYNDE, P. and FERRARI, D. (eds.) (1978). Geological world atlas. IndianOcean. UNESCO Ress, Paris.HEEZEN, B.C. and THARP, M. (1964). Physiographic diagram of the Indian Ocean, the Red Sea,the South China Sea, the Sulu Sea and the Celebes Sea. Geol. Soc. Am.HEIRTZLER, J.R. (ed.)(1977). Indian Ocean geology and biostratigraphy, studies following Deep-Sea Drilling Legs 22-29. Amer. Geophys. Union, Washington, DC, 617 p.HOUTZ, R.E. HAYES, D. and MARKL, R.G. (1977). Kerguelen Plateau: bathymetry, sedimentdistribution and crustal structure. Mar. Geol. 25,95-130.KAMEN-KAYE, M. and MEYERHOFF, A.A. (1980). Petroleum geology of the Mascarene Ridge,western Indian Ocean. J. Petrol. Geol., 3, 123-138.KANAEV, V.F., AGAPOVA, G.V., BARANOV, B.V., BELOUSOV, I.M., BUDANOVA, L. YA.,VOLOKITINA, L.P., LARINA, N.I., MAROVA, N.A. and TURKO, N.N. (eds.)(1977).Indian Ocean (bathymetric chart 1:10 million) (Indiyskiy Okean). Moskva, GUGK.KIECKHEFER, R.M., MOORE, G.F., EMMEL, F.J. and SUGIARTA, W. (1981). Crustalstructure of Sunda Forearc region west of Central Sumatra from gravity data. J. Geophys.Res., 86, 7003-7012.KRUMMEL, 0. (1881). Tiefen-Karte des Indischen Ozeane. Zeit. Wissenschafts Geogr.LANGEL, R.A., PHILLIPS, J.D. and HORNER, R.J. (1982). Initial scalar magnetic anomaly mapfrom MAGSAT. Geophys. Res. Lett., 9,269-272.LARSON, R., CARPENTER, G. and DIEBOLD, J. (1978). A geophysical study of the Whartonbasin near the Investigator Fracture zone. J. Geophys. Res., 83,773-782.LAUGHTON, A.S. (1966). The Gulf of Aden. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A, 259.LAUGHTON, A.S. (1970a). Bathymetric chart of the Red Sea. Roy. Soc. London Philos. Trans., A267, 21-22.LAUGHTON, A.S. (1970b). Bathymetric chart of the Gulf of Aden and contour chart of adjacentcontinents. In: A.S. Laughton, R.B. Whitmarsh and M.T. Jones, The evolution of the Gulfof Aden. Roy. Soc. London Philos. Trans., A 267,227-266.84
LE PICHON, X. and HEIRTZLER, J.R. (1968). Magnetic anomalies in the Indian Ocean and oceanfloor spreading. J. Geophys. Res., 78, 2101-2117.LIU, C.S., SANDWELL, D.T. and CURRAY, J.R. (1982). The negative gravity field over the 85”ERidge. J. Geophys. Res., 87,7673-7686.MAROVA, N.A. (1966). Bottom topography of the Indian Ocean in the Java Trench area (Relyef dnaIndiyskogo okeana v rayone Yavanskogo zheloba). Okeanologiya, IY, N 3,466-474.McKENZIE, D. and SCLATER, J.G. (1971). The evolution of the Indian Ocean since the lateCretaceous. Geophys J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 25,437-452.MONIN, A.S., ZONENSHINE, L.P., LITVIN, V.M. and SOROKHTIN, O.G. (1980). Structure ofthe Red Sea rift zone (0 strukture Krasnomorskogo rifta). Dokl. AN SSSR, 254,1 198- 1202.MURRAY, J. and HJORT, J. (1912). The depths of the ocean. MacMillan and Co., London, 821 p.NAINI, B.R. and TALWANI, M. (1983). Structural framework and evolutionary history of thecontinental margin off Western India. In: Studies in Continental Margin Geology. Am. Ass.Petrol. Geol., Memoir 34, 167-191.NEPROCHNOV, YU.P. (ed.) (1979). Oceanology. Vol. 1. Geophysics of the ocean bottom.(Okeanologiya. Tom 1. Geofisika okeanskogo dna). Moskva, izd. “Nauka”, 470 p.RODOLFO, K.S. (1969). Bathymetry and marine geology of the Andaman Basin, and tectonicimplications for southeast Asia. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 80, 1203-1230.RONA, P.A. The central North Atlantic Ocean basin and continental margins: geology, geophysics,geochemistry, and resources, including the Trans- Atlantic Geotraverse (TAG), NOAA Atlas3.RYKACHEV, M. (1881). Newest studies in the oceans with the supplement of the oceans and seasbottom topography map. (Noveyshie issledovaniya okeanov s prilozheniem karty relyefa dnaokeanov i morey). St.Peterburg.SAITO, T. and TAKEI, Y. (1982). Gravity anomaly map of the eastern ESCAP region. Un. Nat.Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific.SCHLICH, R. (1982). The Indian Ocean: aseismic ridge, spreading centers, and oceanic basins. In:A.E.M. Nairn and F.G. Stehli (eds.), Ocean Basins and Margins, Plenum Press, New York,6, 51-147.SCHOTT, G. (1902). Oceanographie und maritime meteorologie. Texts und Atlas (WissenschaftlicheErgebmisse der Deutschen Tifsee-Exped. auf dem Dampfer “Valdivia” 1898-99), Jena.SCLATER, J.G. and FISHER, R.L. (1974). Evolution of the East Central Indian Ocean, withemphasis on the tectonic setting of the Ninetyeast Ridge. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 85, 683-702.SCLATER, J.G., FISHER, R.L., PATRIAT, P.H., TAPSCOTT, C.H. and PARSONS, B. (1981).Eocene to recent development of the Southwest Indian Ridge: a consequence of the evolutionof the Indian Ocean Tripple Junction. Geophys. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 64, 587-604.SEIBOLD, E. and ULRICH, J. (1970). Zur Bodengestalt des nordwestlichen Golf von Oman.“Meteor” Forschungsergebnisse, Reihe CH3, Berlin U. Stuttgart.STOCKS, T. (1944). Zur Bodengestalt des nord-westlichen Indischen Ozeans. 2. Ges. Erdkunde,Berlin, H.3/4.
- Page 1 and 2:
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Com
- Page 3 and 4:
of the IOC Marine Pollution Monitor
- Page 5:
PageMARGINAL SEASSTORM SURGES IN TH
- Page 9 and 10:
Marine PollutionAt present, marine
- Page 11 and 12:
THE INDIAN OCEAN --- AN ENVIRONMENT
- Page 13 and 14:
The subtropical anticyclonic gyre i
- Page 15 and 16:
GEOLOGICALBecause of its asymmetric
- Page 17 and 18:
RADIOACTIVE AND THERMAL WASTESIn co
- Page 19 and 20:
RESEARCH AND MONITORING ACTIVITIESM
- Page 21 and 22:
2-5, Mn 3-7, Zn 8-31, Fe 35-94, Pb
- Page 23 and 24:
Localized problems, both short-term
- Page 25 and 26:
HOLEMAN, J.N. (1968). The sediment
- Page 28 and 29:
UNEP/UNIDO (1982a). Industrial sour
- Page 30 and 31:
0-5-24 -I I I I I I I I I 11--25- A
- Page 32 and 33: I*in '0( U N '0- '0 '0 N , p d'0I I
- Page 34: C'EO IIFigure 6. Observations of oi
- Page 38 and 39: Table 2.Ranges of Dissolved heavy m
- Page 40 and 41: d.2 W2n2 n z0U.IzIO N m mENmIYEE*Ed
- Page 42 and 43: Table 6. Population and related dat
- Page 44 and 45: PROBLEMS IN THE PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAP
- Page 46: B2: How does the Agulhas Current in
- Page 50 and 51: 0Q0mbWbvx(U49
- Page 52 and 53: Figure 6 Average wind stress curl f
- Page 54 and 55: THE DESTRUCTION OF THE TETHYS AND P
- Page 56 and 57: part of the Seychelles-Mascarene bl
- Page 58 and 59: Much of the old Tethys seafloor has
- Page 60 and 61: when there was little or no movemen
- Page 62 and 63: scouring of the sediments by cold b
- Page 64 and 65: CANDE, S.C. and MUTTER, J.C. (1982)
- Page 66: SHACKLETON, N.J. and KENNETT, J.P.
- Page 71 and 72: 0EYNz 10c2XaYWeKB20LuUz a5 cl300 10
- Page 75: CALCAREOUS FORAMINIFERANANNOFOSSIL
- Page 79 and 80: GEOLOGICAL-GEOPHYSICAL MAPPING OF T
- Page 81: The latest tectonic generalization
- Page 85 and 86: AN EXAMINATION OF THE FACTORS THAT
- Page 87 and 88: is the specific volume anomaly. Po
- Page 89 and 90: circulation. At Nagappattinam, Madr
- Page 91 and 92: Table 1.MarmagaoCochin1969-781958-7
- Page 93 and 94: tFigure 2. An idealized coastal cur
- Page 95 and 96: STATION : BOMBAY~ J , F I M .- , A
- Page 97 and 98: STATION : COCHIN, J , F , M , A , M
- Page 99 and 100: 3007STATION : MADRASI J I F , M I A
- Page 101 and 102: STATION : CALCUTTA, J l F , M , A ,
- Page 103 and 104: RED TIDE§ IN THE INDO-WEST PACIFIC
- Page 105 and 106: were observed as early as 1770 duri
- Page 107 and 108: diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP
- Page 109 and 110: GACUTAN, R.Q., TABBU, M.Y., AUJERO,
- Page 111 and 112: Table 1.Clinical symptoms of variou
- Page 113 and 114: Table 3. Fish species implicated in
- Page 115 and 116: FIGURE CAPTIONSFigure la. Trichodes
- Page 118 and 119: (*14aEE15aHH15c120
- Page 120 and 121: MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE INDIAN OCE
- Page 122 and 123: tonnes of monazite. Similar deposit
- Page 124 and 125: Madagascar and the Red Sea. Within
- Page 126 and 127: South Australian Basin: (Figs. 10-1
- Page 128 and 129: Offshore placers are likely to occu
- Page 130 and 131: MILLIMAN, J.D. (1974). Marine Carbo
- Page 132 and 133:
Thailand Tin 5560 (1980) NA 4.2 (19
- Page 134 and 135:
Table 2. The range (in percent) of
- Page 136 and 137:
Table 4. Chemical composition of po
- Page 138 and 139:
141FIGURE - 1
- Page 140 and 141:
~IT 73qw p' le' IS IFigure 4. Map s
- Page 142 and 143:
@A5 3 9 93 3 s 3 m4P 8O C ' . .' ,
- Page 144 and 145:
Figure 10. Map showng the abundance
- Page 146 and 147:
Figure 14. Map showing the distribu
- Page 148 and 149:
IFigure 17. Marine mineral explorat
- Page 150 and 151:
central are corals to the integrity
- Page 152 and 153:
Very little information is availabl
- Page 154 and 155:
leaving little trace of their exist
- Page 156 and 157:
REFERENCESAGASSIZ, A. (1903). The c
- Page 158 and 159:
PILLAI, C.S.G. (1969b). Studies on
- Page 160 and 161:
Table 1.Extent of damage to coral r
- Page 162 and 163:
STATUS OF CRITICAL MARINE HABITATS
- Page 164 and 165:
OCCURRENCEThe distribution of reefs
- Page 166 and 167:
Mining of Reef RockMining of reef r
- Page 168 and 169:
-resource. Their significance deriv
- Page 170 and 171:
Coating of Aerial Roots by Fine Sed
- Page 172 and 173:
associated with the roots (e.g. GOE
- Page 174 and 175:
Temperature and SalinityThe effects
- Page 176 and 177:
significant numbers in the Red Sea,
- Page 178 and 179:
mersas are known to serve as nurser
- Page 180 and 181:
BURCHARD, J.E. (1979). Coral fauna
- Page 182 and 183:
HIRTH, H.F., KLIKOFF, L.G. and HARP
- Page 184 and 185:
MacNAE, W. (1974). Mangrove forests
- Page 186 and 187:
RINKEVITCH, B. and LOYA, Y. (1977).
- Page 188 and 189:
WALKER, D.I. and ORMOND, R.F.G. (19
- Page 190 and 191:
DAMMING AND DIVERSION OF RIVERSIn d
- Page 192 and 193:
FUTURE STUDIESWhat can marine scien
- Page 194 and 195:
!0OD9 -8 Nc80,a,u-3(dcab(Dbrr)8brr)
- Page 196 and 197:
0 0-0 00 O0O 0% LD d- m cu 0 0202
- Page 198 and 199:
STORM SURGES IN THE BAY OF BENGAL*T
- Page 200 and 201:
low pressure centres over the Bay i
- Page 202 and 203:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe writers wish to
- Page 204 and 205:
Table 1.Latitude and longitude of p
- Page 207 and 208:
214
- Page 209 and 210:
0Poa9nU0m0Yan-I2li7mYUVQk?401mc0mYm
- Page 211 and 212:
0In218
- Page 214 and 215:
221
- Page 216 and 217:
Table 3. Nomenclature used by India
- Page 218 and 219:
ANDHRAB A Y OFB E N G A L ,.16'LO 4
- Page 220 and 221:
INDIABAY OF-Point CalirnereLanka L-
- Page 222 and 223:
pressure in the South Pacific and l
- Page 224 and 225:
SWALLOW, J.C. (1983). Arabian Sea c
- Page 226 and 227:
234
- Page 228 and 229:
236
- Page 230 and 231:
scale wind phenomenon that occurs w
- Page 232 and 233:
Several two-dimensional models of t
- Page 234 and 235:
HARTMANN, M., LANGE, H., SEIBOLD, E
- Page 236 and 237:
Y-Model Domaint=6hrs.b-250 0 59 Xw-
- Page 238 and 239:
UELEVATIONS (m) ai 18 HOURS L2:-+EL
- Page 240 and 241:
HARMONIC CONSTITUENT K,Figure 8. Ob
- Page 242 and 243:
Age of Semi-Diurnal Tide (hrs)28".+
- Page 244 and 245:
! 5"BOTTOMFigure 13. Predicted mode
- Page 246 and 247:
OCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS PELAGIC PR
- Page 248 and 249:
Low oxygen content in subsurface wa
- Page 250 and 251:
R/V Dr. F. Nansen trawl of 41 m hea
- Page 252 and 253:
thermocline temperature decreases s
- Page 254 and 255:
Nitrate - NitrogenSimilarly to phos
- Page 256 and 257:
The maximum standing stocks in the
- Page 258 and 259:
By April/May the demersal stocks ha
- Page 260 and 261:
in 6 months when spawning occurs. T
- Page 262 and 263:
REFERENCES3BANSE, K. (1968). Hydrog
- Page 264 and 265:
GILSON, H.C., (1937). The nitrogen
- Page 266 and 267:
ROYAL SOCIETY (1963). International
- Page 268 and 269:
APPENDIX:REGIONAL COOPERATIVE INVES
- Page 270 and 271:
20 015 20 25FEBOC015 20 25 30 35M A
- Page 272 and 273:
W0-8w0-Inww[r3a+eW281
- Page 274 and 275:
B35 36 a7 XlO+ 35 36 a7- Mar--- Fob
- Page 276 and 277:
a, A
- Page 278 and 279:
...... :'I. .. ,... .. 8.*.. ... ._
- Page 280 and 281:
ASTAT.Si -Si (OH14 in p M - d ~ n -
- Page 282 and 283:
YU0IwYY->02(33-1 II 1amLyY>02(33amL
- Page 284 and 285:
I I I I I10 Ic L0U0mI(dw -rlo u0w m
- Page 286 and 287:
III I I I0. 1....w'3...-0U-J..,....
- Page 288 and 289:
297
- Page 290 and 291:
clearly is too low. Because of low
- Page 292 and 293:
KARBE, L., THIEL, H., WEIKERT, H. a
- Page 294 and 295:
50010001 scoOxygen (rnl/l)0I1I2I3I4
- Page 296 and 297:
c1 oc50C10001500_j_///.///II:I? 0:3
- Page 298 and 299:
THE RED SEAPHYSIOGRAPHYThe Red Sea
- Page 300 and 301:
intensity of magnetization which co
- Page 302 and 303:
1969; SEARLE and ROSS, 1975). This
- Page 304 and 305:
y normal faulting. This is most int
- Page 306 and 307:
South of 19"N, the McKENZIE pole no
- Page 308 and 309:
BAUMANN, A., RICHTER, H. and SCHOEL
- Page 310 and 311:
EYAL, M., EYAL, Y., BARTOV, Y. and
- Page 312 and 313:
LEWIS, B.T.R. (1983). The process o
- Page 314 and 315:
TARLING, D.H. and MITCHELL, J.G. (1
- Page 316 and 317:
mC- 1000- 2000- 3000E0Figure 2.Sche
- Page 318 and 319:
-20b-0,20wFigure 4. Seismicity and
- Page 320 and 321:
kmaFigure 6. Summary of seismic ref
- Page 322 and 323:
kQ)Um 5U0c04 3N 4COQ)k3M*rlk332
- Page 324 and 325:
5 b'o w-Y EO'i Ii04!I 0I0I334
- Page 326 and 327:
II,'{34/,'0SOMALIAND: N. DANAKILFig
- Page 328 and 329:
spreadingvulcanismmblock faultingII
- Page 330 and 331:
SUPERFICIAL SEDIMENTS OF NORTHERN R
- Page 332 and 333:
normally sorted, with median diamet
- Page 334 and 335:
EL-SAYED (1983) used the trace meta
- Page 336 and 337:
BEHAIRY, AKA. (1983). Marine transg
- Page 338 and 339:
SHUKRI, N.M. (1953). Bottom deposit
- Page 340 and 341:
Table 2 Heavy metal concentrations
- Page 342 and 343:
EGYPTEl-Morgan 1Bargan IBargan 2Yub
- Page 344 and 345:
Figure 4. Distribution of minerals
- Page 346 and 347:
ARAGONITEHIGH HG-CALCITEFigure 6. T
- Page 348 and 349:
MARINE LIVING RESOURCES OF THE RED
- Page 350 and 351:
This elevated productivity may resu
- Page 352 and 353:
REVELLE (1981) mentioned that the p
- Page 354 and 355:
FISHELSON, L. (1964). Observation o