lifelong learning and distance higher education - Asia Pacific Region

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RELEVANT INTERNET SITESThe following provide a good overview of refereed distance education journals:www.irrodl.org/journalpg.htmlhttp://cade.icaap.org/vol13.2/haughey.htmlNational Strategies for E-Learning in Post-Secondary Education:http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001262/126230e.pdfThe International Centre for Distance Learning (ICDL):www-icdl.open.ac.uk/ICDL is an internationally-recognised centre for research, teaching, consultancy,information and publishing activities based in the UK Open University:Commonwealth of Learning (COL):www.col.org/resources/startupguides/prest.htmCOL has released a series of print modules (20-40 pages each) on a variety of topicsrelevant to distance education research.UNESCO’s Asia Pacific Open and Distance Learning (ODL) Knowledge Base:http://asiapacific-odl.oum.edu.my/This site contains a searchable database of information relevant to ODL, includinginformation on regional experts, best practices and policies:Quality assurance guidelines:www.wcet.info/projects/balancing/principles.aspwww.center.rpi.edu/PewSym/mono3.htmlwww.futured.com/library_cp0299p11.htmLearning objects:www.reusability.org/read/Student portals:www.nottingham.ac.uk/is/about/projects/unopod/index.phtmlThis site has a good description of student portals and the process involved indevelopmentE-portfolios:www.estrategy.ubc.ca/news/update0401/040121-e-portfolios.htmlWikis:www.commoncraft.com/archives/000644.htmlwww.e-strategy.ubc.ca/news/update0403/040324-wikis.htmlA description of wikis, and examples of how UBC has been using wikis.146
REFERENCESBates, A. (1995). Technology, Open Learning and Distance Education London:Routledge.Bates, A. (2000). “Cultural and ethical issues in international distance education.”Distance Education, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 122-136.Bates, A. (2001). National Strategies for e-Learning in Post-secondary Education andTraining. Paris: UNESCO/International Institute for Educational Planning.Bates, A. (2005). Technology, e-Learning and Distance Education. London: Routledge.Bates, A.W. and Poole, G. (2003). Effective Teaching with Technology in HigherEducation: Foundations for Success. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.Belawati, T. (1998). Increasing student persistence in Indonesian post-secondary distanceeducation. Distance Education, Vol. 19, No.1, pp. 81-109.Boshier, R. et al. (1998). “Worldwide America? Think globally, click locally.” DistanceEducation Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 109-123.Brindley, J., Walti, C. and Zawacki-Richter, O. (eds.). (2004). Learner Support in Open,Distance and Online Learning Environments. Oldenburg, Germany: Biblioteksundinformationssystem der Universität Oldenburg.Clark, R. (1983). “Reconsidering research on learning from media.” Review ofEducational Research Vol. 53, pp. 445-459.Cunningham, S. et al. (2000). “The Business of Borderless Educatio.” Canberra:Commonwealth of Australia, Department of Education, Training and YouthAffairs.Downes, S. (2001). “Learning objects.” International Review of Research in Open andDistance Learning Vol.2, No. 1.Evans, T. (1994). Understanding Learners in Open and Distance Learning. London:Kogan Page.Fenner, J. A. (1998). Enrollment analysis. Unpublished manuscript at IPT distanceprogram at Boise State University.Harasim, L., Hiltz, S., Teles, L. and Turoff, M. (1995). Learning Networks: A Field Guideto Teaching and Learning Online Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Jonassen, D., Davidson, M., Collins, M., Campbell, J. and Haag, B. (1995).“Constructivism and computer-mediated communication in distance education.”American Journal of Distance Education, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 7-26Kember, D. (1995). Open learning courses for adults: A model of student progress.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology.McGreal, R. (2004). Online Education Using Learning Objects London: Routledge.McIntosh, N. , Calder, J. and Swift, B. (1976). A Degree of Difference. A Study of theFirst Year’s Intake to the Open University of the UK. London: Society forResearch into Higher Education.147
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PERSPECTIVES ONDISTANCE EDUCATIONLi
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The Commonwealth of Learning (COL)
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSIn addition to the
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These are some of the issues that a
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What are the trends and issues in l
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of policy implications relating to
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evince important differences that c
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inequitable regulations governing t
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associations and groups of countrie
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THE CONTRIBUTORChristopher McIntosh
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INTRODUCTIONIn his 1996 report to U
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Lastly, our analysis of the situati
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diploma or similar certificates of
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force of the undertaking. Here agai
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RELEVANT INTERNET SITESUNESCO Task
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Notes1. This phrasing has been used
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goals (Daniel, 1996). Lifelong lear
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eported that group activity had red
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NEW AREAS FOR DISTANCE EDUCATION:WO
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targets systematically for the use
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Rausch, A.S. (2003). A case study o
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correspondence teaching systems tha
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significant differences between syn
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In distance flexible- and blended-e
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STATE-FUNDED DUAL-MODE SYSTEMS ATUN
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Table 4.2: Fundable elements in dis
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sciences in 21 countries of the reg
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How a system is funded depends in p
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Litto, Fredric M. (2004). Digital l
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CHAPTER 5LIFELONG LEARNING IN THE A
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education, which was initiated by C
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So the virtual classroom acted as a
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In June 2002, when the course came
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RELEVANT INTERNET SITESFORCIIR proj
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11. The approximate rate for 1€ w
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The term modern distance education
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the National Networked Consortium f
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important resource for undeveloped
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standards have been proposed for th
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The development of e-learning withi
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RELEVANT INTERNET SITESCCRTVU Onlin
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MoE (2004b) The Notice on Running N
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CHAPTER 7QUALITY ASSURANCE SURVEYOF
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(Paris, France, 28-29 June 2004) in
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Examples of elaborated QA policies:
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plans and produces its conventional
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SHTVU (China)• Teaching• Teachi
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offers its programmes to Turkish ci
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mega universities apply a set of st
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