Ocean chemistry and deep-sea sediments

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1. Introduction – type of deep-sea sediments2. Chemical cycles in the Ocean3. Accumulation of pelagic biogenic sediments4. Supply of terrigenous eolian and fluvial sediments5. Diagenesis of deep-sea sediments
1. Introduction – Type of deep-sea sediments
Page 1: Ocean chemistryanddeep-sea sediment
Page 5 and 6: Biogenic sedimentsBeneath high-prod
Page 7 and 8: Sediments in the open ocean are cal
Page 9: Carbonate oozePhytoplankton - Cocco
Page 12 and 13: Gastropod molluscs- pteropodsAragon
Page 15 and 16: Cold-water coral reefsExamples of d
Page 17 and 18: Zooplankton - Radiolaria
Page 20 and 21: Calcareous and Siliceousmicrofossil
Page 22 and 23: Nutrients and δ 13 C13δ C =1313(
Page 24: Modern and glacial Atlantic interme
Page 28 and 29: Clay mineralsKaolinite is formed by
Page 30: Turbidites
Page 33: LGM ice sheet extentIRD input
Page 37: Sedimentation rates
Page 40 and 41: 2. Chemical cycles in the Oceans
Page 42 and 43: Steady state oceanWhat do the nutri
Page 44 and 45: Dissolved constituents arecoming fr
Page 46 and 47: A large part of the decomposed mate
Page 48 and 49: Phosphate distribution in oceansat
Page 50 and 51: Upper right: Nutrients areenriched
Page 52 and 53:
3. Accumulation of pelagic biogenic
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Preservation of pelagic carbonatese
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1 2Ca 2+ concentrations inseawater
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Preservation of pelagic carbonatese
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The Lysoclineand the Carbonate Comp
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SUMMARY:• The solubility of calci
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Transport and deposition of dissolv
Page 66 and 67:
Water mass stratification hinderpar
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Sedimentation ratesdetermine time r
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What causes the Gulfstream?Circulat
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• Transport of sediments to the o
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Sediment drifts• A major step in
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Sediment waves or mud waves
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Bottom currents and sediment drifto
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Downslope transport by gravitation
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IntroductionTwo factors are crucial
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Tsunami deposits on landIcelandStor
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Continental margin slope failuresDo
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Slide headwalls ArcticShelf
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Rotational slumps/faults at Stornes
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Glide planes and sediment typesThe
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Debris flow
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Downslopesedimenttransport•TMF•
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Sidescan Sonar and Seismic Images
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Continental margin slope failuresDo
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Solsikke - Seabed topographySlide d
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Key questions for the understanding
Page 111 and 112:
Slope angles - Section B
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Summary•Geological, morphological
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Mienert, J. & Weaver, P.P.W., eds.,
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Ice margin 18 000 BPGrand BanksSour
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Scotian Slope multibeamDownloaded f
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From Pickrill et al., 2001. OTC pap
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Upper and middle slope canyonseast
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Single channel airgun profile over
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Slope canyon incisions and sediment
Page 130 and 131:
Diagenesisof sediments after burial
Page 132:
Page 136 and 137:
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Ocean chemistry and deep-sea sediments

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