Ocean chemistry and deep-sea sediments

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Why is the continental slope angle so similaron passive continental margins of theOcean?The role of oceandynamics in shapingContinental margins:• internal waves• contour currents• ocean productivity
Summary•Geological, morphological and geotechnical understandings of thearea is the key for understanding the slide occurrences and slidedevelopments.•Slides can have developed from the distal part and failed along thesediment boundaries. Slides stepped up to shallow levels until the resistancein terms of thickness and degree of consolidation became too large for afailure.•Slides can have developed in the gas hydrate dissociation areafrom the proximal part and failed then afterwards with or withoutretrogressive sliding.•Changes in sea level and climatic driven processes from low to highlatitudes are important for a regional or global assessment of downslopeand alongslope transport of sediments.
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Ocean chemistryanddeep-sea sediment
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1. Introduction - Type of deep-sea
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Biogenic sedimentsBeneath high-prod
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Sediments in the open ocean are cal
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Carbonate oozePhytoplankton - Cocco
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Gastropod molluscs- pteropodsAragon
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Cold-water coral reefsExamples of d
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Zooplankton - Radiolaria
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Calcareous and Siliceousmicrofossil
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Nutrients and δ 13 C13δ C =1313(
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Modern and glacial Atlantic interme
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Clay mineralsKaolinite is formed by
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Turbidites
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LGM ice sheet extentIRD input
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Sedimentation rates
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2. Chemical cycles in the Oceans
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Steady state oceanWhat do the nutri
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Dissolved constituents arecoming fr
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A large part of the decomposed mate
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Phosphate distribution in oceansat
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Upper right: Nutrients areenriched
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3. Accumulation of pelagic biogenic
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Preservation of pelagic carbonatese
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1 2Ca 2+ concentrations inseawater
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Preservation of pelagic carbonatese
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The Lysoclineand the Carbonate Comp
Page 62 and 63: SUMMARY:• The solubility of calci
Page 64 and 65: Transport and deposition of dissolv
Page 66 and 67: Water mass stratification hinderpar
Page 68 and 69: Sedimentation ratesdetermine time r
Page 70: What causes the Gulfstream?Circulat
Page 73 and 74: • Transport of sediments to the o
Page 75 and 76: Sediment drifts• A major step in
Page 78 and 79: Sediment waves or mud waves
Page 81 and 82: Bottom currents and sediment drifto
Page 83 and 84: Downslope transport by gravitation
Page 85 and 86: IntroductionTwo factors are crucial
Page 87 and 88: Tsunami deposits on landIcelandStor
Page 89 and 90: Continental margin slope failuresDo
Page 91 and 92: Slide headwalls ArcticShelf
Page 93 and 94: Rotational slumps/faults at Stornes
Page 95 and 96: Glide planes and sediment typesThe
Page 97 and 98: Debris flow
Page 101 and 102: Downslopesedimenttransport•TMF•
Page 103 and 104: Sidescan Sonar and Seismic Images
Page 105 and 106: Continental margin slope failuresDo
Page 107 and 108: Solsikke - Seabed topographySlide d
Page 109 and 110: Key questions for the understanding
Page 111: Slope angles - Section B
Page 115 and 116: Mienert, J. & Weaver, P.P.W., eds.,
Page 117 and 118: Ice margin 18 000 BPGrand BanksSour
Page 119 and 120: Scotian Slope multibeamDownloaded f
Page 121 and 122: From Pickrill et al., 2001. OTC pap
Page 123 and 124: Upper and middle slope canyonseast
Page 125 and 126: Single channel airgun profile over
Page 127: Slope canyon incisions and sediment
Page 130 and 131: Diagenesisof sediments after burial
Page 132: Diagenesisof sediments after burial
Page 136 and 137: Diagenesisof sediments after burial
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Ocean chemistry and deep-sea sediments

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