The Malay archipelago : the land of the orang-utan ... - Wallace Online
The Malay archipelago : the land of the orang-utan ... - Wallace Online The Malay archipelago : the land of the orang-utan ... - Wallace Online
126 THE JIALAY ARCHIPELAGO. [chap.and mud-holes. At a distance of about four miles we reachedMataram, the capital of the island and the residence of theEajah. It is a large village with wide streets bordered by amagnificent avenue of trees, and low houses concealed Vjehindmud walls. Witliin this royal city no native of the lower ordersis allowed to ride, and our attendant, a Javanese, was obligedto dismount and lead his horse while we I'ode slowly through.The abodes of the Eajah and of the High Priest are distinguishedby pillars of red brick constructed with much taste ; but thepalace itself seemed to differ but little from tlie ordinary housesof the countiy. Bej^ond Mataram and close to it is Karangassam,the ancient residence of the native or Sassak Eajalis before theconquest of the island by the Balinese.Soon after passing Mataram the countrj'^ began gradually torise in gentle undulations, swelling occasionally into low hillstowards the two mountainous tracts in the northern and southernparts of tlie island. It was now that I first obtained an adequateidea of one of the most wonderful systems of cultivation in theworld, equalling all that is related of Chinese industry, and asfar as I know surpassing in the labour that has been bestowedupon it any tract of equal extent in the most civilized countriesof Eui'ope. I rode through this strange garden utterly amazed,and hardly able to realize the fact, that in this remote and littleknown island, from which all Europeans except a few tradersat the port are jealously excluded, many hundreds of squaremiles of irregularly undulating country have been so skilfullyterraced and levelled, and so permeated by artificial channels,that every portion of it can be irrigated and dried at pleasure.According as the slope of the ground is more or less i-apid, eachterraced plot consists in some places of many acres, in others ofa few square yards. We saw them in every state of cultivation ;some in stubble, some being ploughed, some with rice-crops invai'ious stages of growth. Here wei-e luxuriant patches oftobacco ; there, cucumbers, sweet potatoes, yams, beans orIndian-corn, varied the scene. In some places the ditches weredry, in otliers little streams crossed our road and were distributedover lands about to be sown or planted. The bankswhich bordered every terrace rose regularly in horizontal linesabove eacli other ; sometimes rounding an abrupt knoll andlooking like a fortification, or sweeping round some deep hollowand forming on a gigantic scale the seats of an amphitheatre.Every brook and rivulet had been diverted from its bed, andinstead of flowing along the lowest ground were to be foundcrossing our road half-way up an ascent, yet bordered by ancienttrees and moss-grown stones so as to have all the appearance ofa natural channel, and bearing testimony to the remote periodat which the work had been done. As we advanced further intothe country, the scene Avas diversified by abrupt rocky hills, bysteep ravines, and by clumps of Ijamboos and palm-trees nearhouses or villages ; while in the distance the fine range of
XI.] LOMBOCK : CUSTOMSOF THE PEOPLE. 127mountains of wliich Lombock iDeak, eight thousand feet high, isthe culminating point, formed a lit background to a view scarcelyto be surpassed either in human interest or picturesque beauty.Along the first part of our road we passed liundreds of womencarrjdng rice, fruit, and vegetables to market ; and f urtlier on analmost uninterrupted line of horses laden with rice in bags or inthe ear, on their way to the port of Ampanam. At every fewmiles along the road, seated under shady trees or slight sheds,were sellers of sugar-cane, palm-wine, cooked rice, salted eggs,and fried plantains, with a few other native delicacies. At thesestalls a hearty meal may be made for a penny, but Ave contentedourselves with drinking some sweet palm-wine, a most deliciousbeverage in the heat of the day. After lia\ing travelled abouttwenty miles we readied a higher and drier region, where, waterbeing scarce, cultivation was confined to the little flats borderingthe streams. Here the country was as beautiful as before, butof a different character ;consisting of undulating downs of shortturf interspersed with fine clumps of trees and bushes, sometimesthe woodland, sometimes the open ground predominating. Weonly passed through one small patch of true forest, where wewere shaded by lofty trees and saw around us a dark and densevegetation, highly agreeable after the heat and glare of the opencountry.At length, about an hour after noon, we_reached our destination—thevillage of Coupang, situated nearly in tlie centre of theisland—and entered the outer court of a house belonging to oneof the cliiefs with whom my friend ^h: Eoss had a slight acquaintance.Here we were requested to seat ourselves under anopen shed with a raised floor of bamboo, a jilace used to receivevisitors and hold audiences. Turning our horses to graze on theluxuriant grass of the courtyard, we waited till tlie great man'sMalay interpi'eter appeared, who inquired our business and informedus that tlie Pumbuckle (chief) was at the llajah's house,but would soon be back. As we had not yet breakfasted, webegged he would get us something to eat, which he promised todo as soon as possible. It was however about two hours beforeanything apjDeared, when a small tray was brought containingtwo saucers of rice, four small fried fish, and a few vegetables.Having made as good a breakfast as Ave could, Ave strolled aboutthe Adllage, and returning, amused ourselves by conversation,with a number of men and boj^s avIio gathered round us ; and byexchanging glances and smiles Avitli a number of women andgirls who peeped at us through half-open doors and other creAdces.Two little boys named JMousa and Isa (Moses and Jesus) weregreat friends Avitli us, and an impudent little rascal calledKachang (a bean) made us all laugh by his mimicry and antics.At length about four o'clock the Pumbuckle made liis appearance,and Ave informed him of our desire to stay Avith him afew daj's, to shoot birds and see the countrj'. At this he seemedsomeAvhat disturbed, and asked if Ave had brought a letter from
- Page 105 and 106: VII. 1 JAVA. 75rule in India, and t
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- Page 113 and 114: VII.] JAVA. 83two small bamboo room
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- Page 119 and 120: vii.l JAVA. 89we were going to make
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- Page 171 and 172: XIII.] TIMOK. 141"The needles which
- Page 173 and 174: XIII.] TIMOR. 143not found at Coupa
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- Page 181 and 182: xiii.] TIMOR. 151protected jjeople
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- Page 205 and 206: XVI.] CELEBES. 175CHAPTER XVI.CELEB
XI.] LOMBOCK : CUSTOMSOF THE PEOPLE. 127mountains <strong>of</strong> wliich Lombock iDeak, eight thousand feet high, is<strong>the</strong> culminating point, formed a lit background to a view scarcelyto be surpassed ei<strong>the</strong>r in human interest or picturesque beauty.Along <strong>the</strong> first part <strong>of</strong> our road we passed liundreds <strong>of</strong> womencarrjdng rice, fruit, and vegetables to market ; and f urtlier on analmost uninterrupted line <strong>of</strong> horses laden with rice in bags or in<strong>the</strong> ear, on <strong>the</strong>ir way to <strong>the</strong> port <strong>of</strong> Ampanam. At every fewmiles along <strong>the</strong> road, seated under shady trees or slight sheds,were sellers <strong>of</strong> sugar-cane, palm-wine, cooked rice, salted eggs,and fried plantains, with a few o<strong>the</strong>r native delicacies. At <strong>the</strong>sestalls a hearty meal may be made for a penny, but Ave contentedourselves with drinking some sweet palm-wine, a most deliciousbeverage in <strong>the</strong> heat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> day. After lia\ing travelled abouttwenty miles we readied a higher and drier region, where, waterbeing scarce, cultivation was confined to <strong>the</strong> little flats bordering<strong>the</strong> streams. Here <strong>the</strong> country was as beautiful as before, but<strong>of</strong> a different character ;consisting <strong>of</strong> undulating downs <strong>of</strong> shortturf interspersed with fine clumps <strong>of</strong> trees and bushes, sometimes<strong>the</strong> wood<strong>land</strong>, sometimes <strong>the</strong> open ground predominating. Weonly passed through one small patch <strong>of</strong> true forest, where wewere shaded by l<strong>of</strong>ty trees and saw around us a dark and densevegetation, highly agreeable after <strong>the</strong> heat and glare <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> opencountry.At length, about an hour after noon, we_reached our destination—<strong>the</strong>village <strong>of</strong> Coupang, situated nearly in tlie centre <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>is<strong>land</strong>—and entered <strong>the</strong> outer court <strong>of</strong> a house belonging to one<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> cliiefs with whom my friend ^h: Eoss had a slight acquaintance.Here we were requested to seat ourselves under anopen shed with a raised floor <strong>of</strong> bamboo, a jilace used to receivevisitors and hold audiences. Turning our horses to graze on <strong>the</strong>luxuriant grass <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> courtyard, we waited till tlie great man's<strong>Malay</strong> interpi'eter appeared, who inquired our business and informedus that tlie Pumbuckle (chief) was at <strong>the</strong> llajah's house,but would soon be back. As we had not yet breakfasted, webegged he would get us something to eat, which he promised todo as soon as possible. It was however about two hours beforeanything apjDeared, when a small tray was brought containingtwo saucers <strong>of</strong> rice, four small fried fish, and a few vegetables.Having made as good a breakfast as Ave could, Ave strolled about<strong>the</strong> Adllage, and returning, amused ourselves by conversation,with a number <strong>of</strong> men and boj^s avIio ga<strong>the</strong>red round us ; and byexchanging glances and smiles Avitli a number <strong>of</strong> women andgirls who peeped at us through half-open doors and o<strong>the</strong>r creAdces.Two little boys named JMousa and Isa (Moses and Jesus) weregreat friends Avitli us, and an impudent little rascal calledKachang (a bean) made us all laugh by his mimicry and antics.At length about four o'clock <strong>the</strong> Pumbuckle made liis appearance,and Ave informed him <strong>of</strong> our desire to stay Avith him afew daj's, to shoot birds and see <strong>the</strong> countrj'. At this he seemedsomeAvhat disturbed, and asked if Ave had brought a letter from