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BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR SWIFT FOXES (Vulpes velox)PEER-REVIEWED JOURNAL PAPERSAllardyce, D., M. A. Sovada. 2003. A review of the ecology, distribution, and status of swift foxes in theUnited States. Pages 3-18 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology andconservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Almási-Klausz, E. E., and L. N. Carbyn. 1999. Winter abundance and distribution of small mammals inthe Canadian mixed-grass prairies and implications for the swift fox. Pages 206-209 in J. Thorpe,T. A. Steeves, and M. Gollop, editors. Proceedings of the Fifth <strong>Prairie</strong> Conservation andEndangered Species conference. Provincial Museum of Alberta Natural History Occasional PaperNo. 24. Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.Anderson D. E., T. R. Laurion, J. R. Cary, R. S. Sikes, M. A. McLeod, and E. M. Gese. Aspects of swiftfox ecology in southeastern Colorado. Pages 139-147 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors.The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains<strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Asa, C. S., and C. Valdespino. 1998. Canid reproductive biology: an integration of proximatemechanisms and ultimate causes. American Zoology 38:251-259.Asa, C. S., and C. Valdespino. 2003. A review of small canid reproduction. Pages 117-123 in M. A.Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in achanging world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Bailey, V. 1905. Biological Survey of Texas. North American Fauna 25:1-222.Bailey, V. 1926. A biological survey of North Dakota: I. Physiography and life zones. II. The mammals.North American Fauna 49. 226 pp.Bailey, V. 1931. Mammals of New Mexico. North American Fauna 53:1-412.Best, T. L. 1971. Notes on the distribution and ecology of five eastern New Mexico mammals. TheSouthwestern Naturalist 16:210-211.Biggins, D. E., J. L. Godbey, L. R. Hanebury, B. Luce, P. E. Marinari, M. R. Matchett, and A. Vargas.1998. The effect of rearing methods on survival of reintroduced black-footed ferrets. <strong>Journal</strong> of<strong>Wildlife</strong> Management 62:643-653.Blus, L. J., G. R. Sherman, and J. D. Henderson. 1967. A noteworthy record of the swift fox inMcPherson County, Nebraska. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 48:471- 472.Bremner-Harrison, S., S. W. R. Harrison, B. L. Cypher, J. D. Murdoch, J. Maldonado, S. K. Darden.2006. Development of a single-sampling noninvasive hair snare. <strong>Wildlife</strong> Society Bulletin34:456-461.Bremner-Harrison, S., P. A. Prodohl, and R. W. Elwood. 2004. Behavioural trait assessment as a releasecriterion: boldness predicts early death in a reintroduction programme of captive-bred swift fox(Vulpes velox). Animal Conservation 7:313-320.Burns, U. A. 1991. Mid-Wisconsin vertebrates and their environments from January Cave, Alberta,Canada. Quaternary <strong>Research</strong> 35:130-143.Carbyn, L. N., H. J. Armbruster, and C. Mamo. 1994. The swift fox reintroduction program in Canadafrom 1983 to 1992. Pages 247-271 in M. L. Bowles and C. J. Whelan, editors. Restoration ofendangered species: conceptual issues, planning and implementation. Cambridge UniversityPress, Cambridge, United Kingdom.


Carbyn, L. N., and M. Killaby. 1989. Status of the swift fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay 47:41-52.Cary, M. 1911. A biological survey of Colorado. North American Fauna 33:1-256.Choate, J. R., and R. R. Harms. 1992. Swift fox documented in Ellis County, Kansas. <strong>Prairie</strong> Naturalist24:125.Clutton-Brock, J., G. B. Corbett, and M. Hills. 1976. A review of the family Canidae with aclassification by numerical methods. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology29:119-199.Covell, D. F., D. S. Miller, W. H. Karasov. 1996. Cost of locomotion and daily energy expenditure byfree-living swift foxes (Vulpes velox): a seasonal comparison. Canadian <strong>Journal</strong> of Zoology74:283-290.Creel, G. C. and W. A. Thornton. 1971. A note on the distribution and specific status of the fox genusVulpes in west Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist 15:402-404.Creel, G. C. and W. A. Thornton. 1974. Comparative study of a Vulpes fulva - Vulpes macrotis hybridfox karyotype. The Southwestern Naturalist 18:465-468.Cutter, W. L. 1958a. Denning of the swift fox in northern Texas. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 39:70-74.Cutter, W. L. 1958b. Food habits of the swift fox in northern Texas. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 39:527-532.Cutter, W. L. 1959. Notes on some mammals from north Texas. The Southwestern Naturalist. 4:30-34.Cypher, B. L., P. A. Kelly, and D. F. Williams. 2003. Factors influencing populations of endangered SanJoaquin kit foxes: implications for conservation and recovery. Pages125-137 in M. A. Sovadaand L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changingworld. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Cypher, B. L., and K. A. Spencer. 1998. Competitive interactions between coyotes and San Joaquin kitfoxes. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 79:204-214.Dalquest, W. W. 1978. Early Blancan mammals of the Beck Ranch local fauna of Texas. <strong>Journal</strong> ofMammalogy 59:269-298.Darden, S. K., T. Dabelsteen, and S. B. Pedersen. 2003. A potential tool for swift fox (Vulpes velox)conservation: individuality of long-range barking sequences. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 84:1417-1427Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, and T. P. O'Farrell. 1987. Intrapopulational variation in two samples ofarid-land foxes. Texas <strong>Journal</strong> of Science 39:223-232.Dragoo, J. W., J. R. Choate, T. L. Yates, and T. P. O'Farrell. 1990. Evolutionary and taxonomicrelationships among North American arid-land foxes. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 71:318-332.Dragoo, J. W., and R. K. Wayne. 2003. Systematics and population genetics of swift and kit foxes.Pages 207-221 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservationof swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan,Canada.Emerson, K. C., and R. D. Price. 1987. New records of chewing lice (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae)found on North American wild foxes north of Mexico. <strong>Journal</strong> of the Kansas EntomologicalSociety 60:322-333.Egosque, H. J. 1979. Vulpes velox. Mammalian Species Number 122:1-5.Ewer, R. F. 1973. The carnivores. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, 494 pp.Findley, J. S., A. J. Harris, D. E. Wilson, and C. Jones. 1975. Mammals of New Mexico. University ofNew Mexico Press, Albuquerque.


Floyd, B. L., and M. R. Stromberg. 1981. New records of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Wyoming.<strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 62:650-651.Gauthier, D. A., and D. S. Licht. 2003. The socio-economic context for swift fox conservation in theprairies of Canada. Pages 19-28 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecologyand conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Geffen, E., and I. Girard. 2003. Behavioral and physiological adaptations of foxes to hot aridenvironments: comparing Saharo-Arabian and North American species. Pages 223-229 in M. A.Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in achanging world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Geffen, E., A., Mercure, D.J. Girman, D. W. MacDonald, R. K. Wayne. 1992. Phylogeneticrelationships of the fox-like canids: Mitochondrial DNA restriction fragment, site andcytochrome-b sequence analyses. <strong>Journal</strong> of Zoology 228:27-30.Gittleman, J. L. 1986. Carnivore brain size, behavioral ecology, and phylogeny. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy67:23-36.Graul, W. D. 1975. Breeding biology of the mountain plover. Wilson Bulletin 87:7-31.Harrison, R. L. 2003. Swift fox demography, movements, denning, and diet in New Mexico.Southwestern Naturalist 48:261-273.Harrison, R. L., D. J. Barr, and J. W. Dragoo. 2002. A comparison of population survey techniques forswift foxes (Vulpes velox) in New Mexico. American Midland Naturalist 148:320-337.Harrison, R. L., P. G. S. Clarke, and C. M. Clarke. 2004 Indexing swift fox populations in New Mexicousing scats. American Midland Naturalist 151:42-49.Harrison, R. L., and J. W. Hoagland. 2003. A literature review of swift fox habitat and den-site selection.Pages 79-89 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation ofswift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan,Canada.Harrison, R. L., M. J. Patrick, and C. G. Schmitt. 2003. Foxes, fleas, and p0lague in New Mexico.Southwestern Naturalist 48:720-722.Harrison, R. L., and C. G. Schmidt. 2003. Current swift fox distribution and habitat selection withinareas of historic occurrence in New Mexico. Pages 71-77 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn,editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. CanadianPlains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Hayssen, V., A. van Tienhoven, and A. van Tienhoven. 1993. Asdell’s Patterns of MammalianReproduction. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.Herrero, S. 2003. Canada’s experimental reintroduction of swift foxes into an altered ecosystem. Pages33-38 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swiftfoxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Herrero, S., C. Schroeder, and M. Scott-Brown. 1986. Are Canadian foxes swift enough? BiologicalConservation 36:159-167.Hines, T. D., and R. M. Case. 1991. Diet, home range, movements, and activity periods of swift fox inNebraska. <strong>Prairie</strong> Naturalist 23:131-138.Hoffman, R. S., P. L. Wright, and F. E. Newby. 1969. The distribution of some mammals in Montana. I.Mammals other than bats. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 50:579-604.Houtcooper, W. C., D. J. Ode, J. A. Pearson, and G. M. Vandel, III. 1985. Rare animals and plants ofSouth Dakota. <strong>Prairie</strong> Naturalist 17:143- 156.


Jackson, V. L., and J. R. Choate. 2000. Dens and den sites of the swift fox, Vulpes velox, SouthwesternNaturalist 45:212-220.Johnson, D. R. 1969. Returns of the American Fur Company, 1835-1839. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy50:836-839.Kamler, J. F., and W. B. Ballard. 2003. White color phase of the swift fox, Vulpes velox. CanadianField-Naturalist 117:468-469.Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, E. B. Fish, P. R. Lemons, K. Mote, and C. C. Perchellet. 2003. Habitat use,home ranges, and survival of swift foxes in a fragmented landscape: conservation implications.<strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 84:989-995.:1262-1266.Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, R. L. Gilliland, and K. Mote. 2002. Improved trapping methods for swiftfoxes and sympatric coyotes. <strong>Wildlife</strong> Society Bulletin 30:1262-1266.Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, P. R. Lemons, and K. Mote. 2004. Variation in mating system and groupstructure in two populations of swift foxes, Vulpes velox. Animal Behaviour 68:83-88.Kamler, J. F., W. B. Ballard, and K. Mote. 2000, Aggressive behavior exhibited by a swift fox, Vulpesvelox. Canadian Field-Naturalist 114:506.Kerwin, L. 1972. Kit fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay 30:200.Kilgore, D. L., Jr. 1969. An ecological study of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in the Oklahoma panhandle.American Midland Naturalist 81:512-534.Kintigh, K. M., and M. C. Andersen. 2005. A den-centered analysis of swift fox (Vulpes velox) habitatcharacteristics in northeastern New Mexico. American Midland Naturalist 154:229-239.Kitchen, A. M., E. M. Gese, E. R. Schauster. 1999. Resource partitioning between coyotes and swiftfoxes: space, time, and diet. Canadian <strong>Journal</strong> of Zoology 77:1645-1656.Kleiman, D. G. 1989. Reintroduction of captive mammals for conservation. Bioscience 39:152-161.Knowles, C. J., P. R. Knowles, B. Giddings, and A. R. Dood. 2003. The historic and recent status of theswift fox in Montana. Pages 41-47 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox:ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center,Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Kunkel, K., K. Honness, M. K. Phillips. 2003. Assessing restoration of swift fox in the <strong>Northern</strong> GreatPlains. Pages 189-198 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology andconservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Kurten, B., and E. Anderson. 1980. Pleistocene mammals of North America. Columbia UniversityPress, New York. 553 pp.Lemons, P. R., W. B. Ballard, R. M. Sullivan, and M. A. Sovada. 2003. Den site activity patterns ofadult male and female swift foxes, Vulpes velox, in northwestern Texas. Canadian Field-Naturalist 117:424-429.Linhart, S. B. and Knowlton, F. F. 1975. Determining the relative abundance of coyotes by scent stationlines. <strong>Wildlife</strong> Society Bulletin 3:119-124.Linhart, S. B. and Robinson, W. B. 1972. Some relative carnivore densities in areas under sustainedcoyote control. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 53:880-884.List, R., P. Manzano-Fischer, and D. W. MacDonald. 2003. Coyote and kit fox diets in prairie dog townsand adjacent grasslands in Mexico. Pages 183-188 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. Theswift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains<strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.


Long, C. A., and C. F. Long. 1964. Geographic records of the swift fox, Vulpes velox. The SouthwesternNaturalist 9:108.Looman, J. 1972. Possible record of a kit fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay 30:136.pp.Lynch, W. 1987. The return of the swift fox: a heartening case of reversing a trend. CanadianGeography 107:28-33.Mainka, S. A. 1988. Hematology and serum biochemistry of captive swift foxes. <strong>Journal</strong> of <strong>Wildlife</strong>Diseases 24:71-74.Maldonado, J. E., M. Cotera, E. Geffen, and R. K. Wayne. 1997. Relationships of the endangeredMexican kit fox (Vulpes macrotis zinseri) to North American arid-land foxes based onmitochondrial DNA sequence data. The Southwestern Naturalist 42:460-470.Matlack, R. S., P. S. Gipson, and D. W. Kaufman. 2000. The swift fox in rangeland and cropland inwestern Kansas: relative abundance, mortality, and body size. The Southwestern Naturalist45:221-225.McGee, B. K., K. L. Nicholson, W. B. Ballard, and M. J. Butler. 2006. Characteristics of swift fox densin northwest Texas. Western North American Naturalist 66:239-245.Mercure, A., K. Ralls, K. P. Koepfli, and R. K. Wayne. 1993. Genetic subdivisions among small canids:mitochondrial DNA differentiation of swift, kit, and arctic foxes. Evolution 47:1313-1328.Miller, D. S., B. G. Campbell, R. G. McLean, E. Campos, D. F. Covell. 1998. Parasites of swift fox(Vulpes velox) from southeastern Colorado. Southwestern Naturalist. 43:476-479.Miller D. S., D. F. Covell, R. G. McLean, W. J. Adrian, M. Niezgoda, J. M. Gustafson, O. J. Ronstad, R.D. Schultz, L. J. Kirk, and T. J. Quan. 2000. Serologic survey for selected infectious diseaseagents in swift and kit foxes from the western United States. <strong>Journal</strong> of <strong>Wildlife</strong> Diseases36:798-805.Moehrenschlager, A. 2001. Population trends of reintroduced Canadian swift foxes Vulpes velox andfuture conservation priorities. Dodo 37:97.Moehrenschlager, A., G. L. Cypher, K. Ralls, R. List, and M. A. Sovada. 2004. Comparative ecologyand conservation priorities of swift and kit foxes. Pages 185-198 in D. W. Macdonald and C.Sillero-Zubiri, editors. Biology and conservation of wild canids. Oxford University Press.Moehrenschlager, A., and D. W. Macdonald. 2003. Movements and survival parameters of translocatedand resident swift foxes Vulpes velox. Animal Conservation 6:199-206.Moehrenschlager, A., D. W. Macdonald, and C. Moehrenschlager. 2003. Reducing capture-relatedinjuries and radio-collaring effects on swift foxes. Pages 107-113 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn,editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. CanadianPlains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Moehrenschlager, A., and M. A. Sovada. Swift foxes. Pages 109-118 in Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackelsand Dogs. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. UICN/SSC Canid Specialist Group.Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.Mohr, C.O. 1947. Table of equivalent populations of North American mammals. American MidlandNaturalist 37:223-249.Moore, R.E., and N.S. Martin. 1980. A recent record of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in Montana. <strong>Journal</strong>of Mammalogy 61:161.Novakowski, N. S. 1970. Endangered Canadian mammals. Canadian Field-Naturalist 84:17-23.Olson, T. L., J. S. Dieni, F. G. Lindzey, and S. H. Anderson. 2003. Swift Fox detection probability usingtracking plate transects in southeast Wyoming. Pages 93-98 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn,editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian


Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Olson, T. L., and F. G. Lindzey. 2002. Swift fox survival and production in southeastern Wyoming.<strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 83:199-206.Olson, T. L., and F. G. Lindzey. 2002 Swift fox (Vulpes velox) home-range dispersion patterns insoutheastern Wyoming. Canadian <strong>Journal</strong> of Zoology 80:2024-2029.Packard, R. L., and J. H. Bowers. 1970. Distributional notes on some foxes in western Texas and easternNew Mexico. The Southwestern Naturalist 14:450-451.Packard, R. L., and H. W. Garner. 1964. Records of some mammals from the Texas high plains. Texas<strong>Journal</strong> of Science 16:387-390.Parmalee, P. W., R. D. Oesch, and J. E. Guilday. 1969. Pleistocene and recent vertebrate faunas fromCrankshaft Cave, Missouri. Illinois State Museum Reports of Investigations. 14:1-37.Pechacek, P. 2000. Activity radii and intraspecific interactions in the swift fox (Vulpes velox). Biologia55(2):201-205.Pechacek, P., F. G. Lindzey, and S. H. Anderson. 2000. Home range size and spatial organization ofswift Fox Vulpes velox (Say, 1823) in southeastern Wyoming. Zeitschrift Fur Saugetierkunde65:209-215.Pfeifer, W. K., and E. A. Hibbard. 1970. A recent record of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in NorthDakota. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 51:835.Pruss, S. D. 1999. Selection of natal dens by the swift fox (Vulpes velox) on the Canadian prairies.Canadian <strong>Journal</strong> of Zoology 77:646-652.Pybus, M.J., and E. S. Williams. 2003. A Review of parasites and diseases of wild Swift Fox.Pages231-236 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservationof swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan,Canada.Richholt, M., and L. N. Carbyn. 2003. Using tooth sectioning to age swift fox. Pages 161-165 in M. A.Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in achanging world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Rohwer, S. A., and D. L. Kilgore Jr. 1973. Interbreeding in the arid-land foxes, Vulpes velox and Vulpesmacrotis. Systematic Zoology 22:157-165.Robinson, W. B. 1953. Population trends of predators and fur animals in 1080 station areas. <strong>Journal</strong> ofMammalogy 34:220-227.Robinson, W. B. 1961. Population changes of carnivores in some coyote-control areas. <strong>Journal</strong> ofMammalogy 42:510-515.Sargeant, G. A., P. J. White, M. A. Sovada, and B. L. Cypher. 2003. Scent-station survey techniques forswift and kit foxes. Pages 99-105 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecologyand conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Shaughnessy, M. J., Jr. 2003. Swift fox detection methods and distribution in the Oklahoma Panhandle.Pages 61-69 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation ofswift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan,Canada.Schauster, E. R., E. M. Gese, and A. M. Kitchen. 2002. Population ecology of swift foxes (Vulpes velox)in southeastern Colorado. Canadian <strong>Journal</strong> of Zoology 80:307-319.Schauster, E. R., E. M. Gese, and A. M. Kitchen. 2002. An evaluation of survey methods for monitoringswift fox abundance. <strong>Wildlife</strong> Society Bulletin 30:464-477.


Shaughnessy, M. J. Jr., and R. L. Cifelli. 2004. Influence of black-tailed prairie dog towns (Cynomysludovicianus) on carnivore distributions in the Oklahoma Panhandle. Western North AmericanNaturalist 64:184-192.Smeeton, C., K. Weagle, and S. S. Waters. 2003. Captive breeding of the swift fox at the CochraneEcological Institute, Alberta. Pages199-203 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swiftfox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong>Center, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.Soper, J. D. 1946. Mammals of the northern Great Plains along the international boundary in Canada.<strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 27:127-153.Soper, J. D. 1961. The mammals of Manitoba. Canadian Field-Naturalist 75:171-219.Sovada, M. A., and L. Carbyn, editors. 2003. The Swift Fox: ecology and conservation of swift foxes ina changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, University of Regina, Saskatchewan.Sovada, M. A., C. C. Roy, J. B. Bright, and J. R. Gillis. 1998. Causes and rates of mortality of swiftfoxes in western Kansas. <strong>Journal</strong> of <strong>Wildlife</strong> Management 62:1300-1306.Sovada, M. A., C. C. Roy, and D. J. Telesco. 2001. Seasonal food habits of swift foxes in cropland andrangeland habitats in western Kansas. American Midland Naturalist 145:101-111.Sovada, M. A., C. C. Slivinski, R. O. Woodward, and M. L. Phillips. 2003. Home range, habitat use,litter size, and pup dispersal of swift foxes in two distinct landscapes of western Kansas. Pages149-160 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology and conservation ofswift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina, Saskatchewan,Canada.Stains, H. J. 1975. Distribution and taxonomy of the Canidae. Pages 3-26 in M.. W. Fox, editor. Thewild canids: their systematics, behavioral ecology, and evolution. Behavioral Science Series. VanNostrand Reinhold Company, New York, New York. 508 pp.Stromberg, M. R., and M. S. Boyce. 1986. Systematics and conservation of the swift fox, Vulpes velox,in North America. Biological Conservation 35:97-110.Stukel E. D., C. C. Roy, and B. Giddings. 2003. A design for species restoration B development andimplementation of a conservation assessment and conservation strategy for swift fox in theUnited States. Pages 29-32 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecology andconservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Symons, R. D. 1956. Where is the kit fox? Blue Jay 14:63-65.Tannerfeld, M., A. Moehrenschlager, and A. Angerbjörn. 2003. Den ecology of swift, kit, and arcticfoxes: a review. Pages167-181 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecologyand conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Thornton, W. A., and G. C. Creel. 1975. The taxonomic status of kit foxes. Texas <strong>Journal</strong> of Science26:127-136.Thornton, W. A., G. C. Creel, and R. E. Trimble. 1971. Hybridization in the fox genus Vulpes in westTexas. The Southwestern Naturalist 15:473-484.Turkowski, F. J., A. R. Armistead, and S. B. Linhart. 1984. Selectivity and effectiveness of pan tensiondevices for coyote (Canis latrans) foothold traps. <strong>Journal</strong> of <strong>Wildlife</strong> Management 48:700-708.Truett, J. C., M. Phillips, K. Kunkel, and R. Miller. 2001. Managing bison to restore biodiversity. GreatPlains <strong>Research</strong> 11:123-144.Uresk, D. W., and J. C. Sharps. 1981. Denning habitat and diet of the swift fox in western South Dakota.


Great Basin Naturalist 46:249-253.Van Ballenberghe, V. 1975. Recent records of the swift fox (Vulpes velox) in South Dakota. <strong>Journal</strong> ofMammalogy 56:525.Walsh, N. E., and C. M. Scott, Charles. 1998. Supplementing endangered species recovery with a newapproach in the High Plains region. Transactions of the North American <strong>Wildlife</strong> and NaturalResources Conference 63: 502-513.Weidman, F. D. 1915. Coccidium bigeminum stiles in swift foxes. <strong>Journal</strong> of Comparative PathologyTherapeutics 28:32323.Wilkinson, J. 1972. Kit fox in Saskatchewan. Blue Jay 30:200.Womer, D. E., and E. A. Richards. 1990. Cardiac and respiratory parameters of the swift fox. <strong>Journal</strong>of <strong>Wildlife</strong> Management 54:418-419.Zimmerman, A. L., L. Irby, and B. Giddings. 2003. The status and ecology of swift foxes in northcentralMontana. Pages 49-59 in M. A. Sovada and L. Carbyn, editors. The swift fox: ecologyand conservation of swift foxes in a changing world. Canadian Plains <strong>Research</strong> Center, Regina,Saskatchewan, Canada.Zullinger, E. M., R. E. Ricklefs, K. H. Redford, and G. M. Mace. 1984. Fitting sigmoidal equations tomammalian growth curves. <strong>Journal</strong> of Mammalogy 65:607-636.Zumbaugh, D. M., J. R. Choate, and L. B. Fox. 1985. Winter food habits of the swift fox on the centralhigh plains. <strong>Prairie</strong> Naturalist 17:41-47.U.S. Geological Survey<strong>Northern</strong> <strong>Prairie</strong> <strong>Wildlife</strong> <strong>Research</strong> CenterBibliography for Swift Foxes (Vulpes velox): <strong>Peer</strong>-<strong>reviewed</strong> <strong>Journal</strong> <strong>Papers</strong>http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/literatr/swiftlit/Last Updated: 08/07/2006

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