If you might have to care for unweaned kittens, have bottlefeedingformula on hand. “Kitten Milk Replacement,” also knownas KMR, is available at many pet supply stores. For an alternativeholistic nursing formula, see “The Natural Cat,” by Anitra Frazier(page 88).If you’re caring for kittens less than five weeks of age (“bottlebabies”), check out the highly informative, “Kitten Care Handbook”by Los Angeles-based Kitten Rescue (www.kitten-rescue.com). It’simportant, for example, to hold the kittens in the proper positionwhen feeding (tummy down as though nursing from the mother)and to use a special bottle designed for neonates, not aneyedropper, so the kitten can control the flow of milk.(b) Foster resources availableIf the kittens are going to be fostered and placed for adoption, then there are threeways you can proceed, depending on your situation:- Trap the whole family and keep them together in a cage, using the Feral CatSetup described in Chapter 12, until the kittens are eight weeks old, then startfinding homes for the little ones. At that point the mom can be spayed andreleased. The great advantage to this approach is mom does all the work foryou when it comes to caring for the kittens. You should handle the kittens asmuch as possible so they are well socialized and, if you brought the kittens inat an early age, gradually introduce kitten food when they’re five weeks oldso they’re weaned by the time they’re ready for adoption.- Leave the family outside and take the kittens from their mother when theyare five to six weeks old and can eat on their own. This is the riskiestapproach because the mortality rate for kittens living outdoors is high.You’ll want to gather the kittens as soon as they’re weaned because of thedangers of outdoor life and the need to begin the socialization process at asearly an age as possible. Keep the litter together and don’t adopt them outuntil eight weeks of age so they have a chance to learn from one anotherabout appropriate cat behavior, like not biting too hard.- Leave the mom outside and take the kittens in when they are less than fiveweeks old and unweaned. This means you’ll need to bottle-feed and provideneonatal kitten care. This approach is much more work than bringing themom inside, too.There is a slight risk when you confine a feral family that the mother will attack herkittens. This is rare, but happens once in a while with a female cat who is extremely feraland greatly stressed by captivity. One way to assess this risk is to transfer the mom into acage inside a feral cat den. While she is locked inside the den, place her kittens in the86
cage and close the cage door. Observe how she reacts. If she appears calm, open theden’s side door with a broomstick handle. Again, closely observe her behavior. If shegrowls at the kittens or appears at all aggressive, shut the side door of the den and reevaluate,perhaps trying again a little later.You can do the same kind of assessment in a trap. Transfer mom into a trap, thensection her off on one end with trap dividers. Introduce the kittens through the oppositeend. They will naturally move toward their mother. Observe her reactions. If all appearscalm, remove the divider and see how mom interacts with her kittens. If there’s any signof trouble, insert the divider again and separate her from the kittens.• Trapping the familyIf you decide to trap the wholefamily, it’s best to catch the kittensbefore the mother. That way, ifyou miss any, they won’t be leftalone without their mom. If you doget the mother before the entirelitter, then keep trapping until youhave them all, only taking a longbreak if absolutely necessary.Assuming you do get all thekittens first, if you’re then havingtrouble catching the mom, you cantry using the kittens as bait. Put thekittens in a small carrier, then placethe carrier behind a trap, its frontphoto: Meredith Weissdoor right up against the trap’s reardoor. Drape a sheet over the carrier and both sides of the trap, leaving only the front ofthe trap uncovered. Set the trap. To reach her kittens, mom will have to enter the trapand walk towards the back, hopefully tripping the trap on the way. When using thistechnique, never leave the little ones unattended and don’t use this method for more thanan hour at a time to avoid fatiguing the kittens.4. Pregnant catsGestation for a cat averages 63 days. During the early part of a pregnancy, there is noway to tell visually that a cat is carrying kittens. Towards the later stages, the female’sbelly is usually noticeably round and protruding below her. In the last one to two weeksof pregnancy, the nipples become distended and lactating actually begins shortly beforebirth.If a cat is known to be pregnant, there are three options: (1) trap and spay her andabort the pregnancy, (2) trap her and let her give birth in a cage or other confined spacewhere she can then raise the kittens or (3) don’t trap her and allow her to give birthoutdoors, trapping her and any surviving kittens at a future date.87
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TNR HandbookThe Guide to Trap-Neute
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Table of ContentsForeword by Susan
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Chapter Ten: The Neighborhood Cats
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ForewordOne of the first ferals I e
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Introduction“If we keep ‘em in
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2. What is Trap-Neuter-Return?Trap-
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c) Fewer nuisance complaints. As me
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and as their hunger grows, they wil
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3. The TNR Process - An OverviewEve
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After you’ve determined how many
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for this purpose. Once you can talk
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like the board of a homeowners asso
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information provided because of the
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act to discourage cats from enterin
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epel. It operates on four “C” b
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• Free-standing fencesPurrfect Fe
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• Type of feeding stationThe perf
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Amazon (www.amazon.com) for “Le B
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will be drawn to this easily reache
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- Page 47 and 48: steroids, tranquilizers, anesthetic
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- Page 54 and 55: • Styrofoam boxesRestaurants and
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- Page 72 and 73: drop trap (code: KITDT) - see Figur
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- Page 78 and 79: saving one day. Also remember, you
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- Page 82 and 83: doing so. Don’t check too frequen
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- Page 104 and 105: PreparationsAs with any trapping, i
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- Page 128 and 129: “snap” test, it produces a resu
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feral at all yet and may tame immed
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When they’re verycomfortable with
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socialize enough, which is very lik
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When the cat no longer uses the cag
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alternatives, like scratching posts
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• Where to lookIn order to attrac
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In case you’re unable to return t
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18. Feral Cat ResourcesBooks Implem
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Petco Foundation (4Rs Project Suppo
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ToolkitsAction Kit: Advocating for
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Appendix BHOW TO BUILDTHE NEIGHBORH
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5. Place piece E two inches back fr
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Trap LogProject/Colony: ___________
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In memory ofBobby Kergis1952 - 2011