apart. Knowing the correct number, or at least an estimate, is important for schedulingthe right number of spay/neuter surgeries and for borrowing the right number of traps.There’s nothing worse for a clinic (and your reputation with them) if you schedule twentyspay/neuter appointments, then during the trapping discover there are only ten cats. Ifthat happens, a substantial amount of the clinic’s resources on your appointment day maybe wasted. Getting a reasonably accurate count ahead of time avoids this.Don’t take anyone’s word for how many cats there are unless it’s a colony you’repersonally familiar with or the caretaker has already gone through the process ofcarefully counting. Most people are not used to seeing more than one or two cats at atime. When they see many at once, they’re prone to believe there are far more than areactually present. As a result, most untrained people overestimate the numbers, thoughsometimes they’ll undercount. A reliable figure can be arrived at only by carefullyobserving the colony over a period of at least a week or two.In addition to counting the cats, assess if any are adoptable – there may be kittensyoung enough to be quickly socialized or abandoned adults who are still friendly. Ifadoptable cats are present, try to line up suitable foster homes before the trapping. Iffoster resources exist, these cats should be removed from the colony. This is safer forthem and advances TNR’s goal of reducing free-roaming cat populations.Also observe whether any of the cats look sick, whether it’s from being too thin,having runny eyes or nose, coughing or having an unkempt appearance. Makearrangements beforehand for appropriate veterinary care and don’t assume it will beprovided by your clinic as part of the spay/neuter surgery. Anticipate the possibility thatill cats may require extra recuperation time, especially if they need a course of antibioticsor other similar treatment, and arrange for the necessary holding space.Often, when a colony as a whole appears sickly and many of the cats have upperrespiratory infections or ringworm, improving the quality of their food and addingVitamin C for a few weeks will have a profound impact. Ensuring they have warm, dryshelter in cold weather will also greatly help. The improved nutrition and shelter shouldbe introduced as far in advance of the spay/neuter date as possible, giving the cats achance to regain their health prior to the stress of capture and surgery.3. Secure a holding spaceThe cats will need to be confined during the course of the trapping and while theyrecuperate from their surgeries. As described in detail in Chapter 11 (“Caring for <strong>Cats</strong> inTraps”), the traps double as cages which the cats never leave except during surgery. In amass trapping, a space to hold the cats in their traps will typically be required for betweenfour to six days.An adequate holding space is one that is warm, dry and secure. “Warm” means atleast 65 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit. While confined, the cats can’t move around, huddletogether or sleep in insulated shelters, so if the space is cold, they can get sick. Inaddition, during the spay/neuter surgery, a cat’s body temperature drops and does notreturn to normal until they have fully recovered from the anesthesia. If a cat is placedinside a cold space before the anesthesia has worn off and body temperature has returnedto normal, he could die.52
A “dry” space is protected from theelements, especially rain or snow, but also windor direct sunlight (which could causeoverheating inside the traps). A holding spaceis “secure” if it is only accessible by peopleassociated with the project and not by strangersor other animals.Examples of adequate holding spaces mayinclude a garage, basement, ventilated shed,empty trailer, empty room in an apartment,empty retail or office space, part of awarehouse, a bathroom if there’s only a coupleof cats involved, an empty adoption van, or a cargo van parked in a driveway. Indoorspaces are preferable because they’re better protected from the elements and usually aremore secure. In a pinch, if the weather is warm and calm and the area secure, a canopytent set up in a private backyard, an open porch or a terrace could serve as holding space.Sometimes people worry about fleas infesting a holding space. If the cats are well fedand healthy, their immune systems will be strong enough to fight off most parasites andit’s unlikely they will suffer severe flea infestations. But they may still have some. Inour experience, it’s rare for the presence of cats for a week to cause a flea infestation in aholding space. If the traps are kept covered with lightweight cotton sheets and the spaceis cleaned or vacuumed thoroughly after the project, you should be fine. If fleas doappear, flea bombing the space afterwards might be necessary. Remember to bomb onceafter the cats are out and then a second time two or three weeks later to kill any fleaswhich may have hatched from eggs not destroyed in the first round (see the instructionson the flea bomb product). If you want to try a more natural approach, spreaddiatomaceous earth in all the cracks and crevices of the space (see “Diatomaceous earth”under “Fleas” in Chapter 4). Another way to cut down on the risk of fleas, if you canafford it, is to have flea medication applied to the cats during the spay/neuter procedure.One trick, if a cat is staying in your bathroom, is to place the trap in your bathtub ontop of some bricks. Then fill your bathtub with an inch or so of water. Between the trapbeing covered with a sheet and the moat below, it would be very hard for fleas to spread.Sometimes people are worried the cats will make a great deal of noise. Simply put,they won’t. Feral cats are very quiet in captivity and try to make themselves asunnoticeable as possible. Once in a while, you might get a colony where one cat meowssoftly and others join in for a couple of minutes. Most of the time, they remain still andsilent. If you do get a cat who’s meowing a lot and appears to be crying out for attention,this is often the behavior of a former house cat, not a feral. Such a cat should be carefullyevaluated as a possible candidate for adoption.If you’re going to hold the cats in part of your home, segregate your own cats anddon’t allow them in the holding space in order to minimize any risk of disease or parasitetransmission.During the project, the holding space can also act as your command center where youkeep your equipment, supplies and records, and meet up with volunteers. See the section,“Preparing the holding space,” in Chapter 11.53
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TNR HandbookThe Guide to Trap-Neute
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Table of ContentsForeword by Susan
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Chapter Ten: The Neighborhood Cats
- Page 7 and 8: ForewordOne of the first ferals I e
- Page 9: Introduction“If we keep ‘em in
- Page 12 and 13: 2. What is Trap-Neuter-Return?Trap-
- Page 14 and 15: c) Fewer nuisance complaints. As me
- Page 17 and 18: and as their hunger grows, they wil
- Page 19 and 20: 3. The TNR Process - An OverviewEve
- Page 21 and 22: After you’ve determined how many
- Page 23 and 24: for this purpose. Once you can talk
- Page 25 and 26: like the board of a homeowners asso
- Page 27 and 28: information provided because of the
- Page 29 and 30: act to discourage cats from enterin
- Page 31 and 32: epel. It operates on four “C” b
- Page 33 and 34: • Free-standing fencesPurrfect Fe
- Page 35 and 36: • Type of feeding stationThe perf
- Page 37 and 38: Amazon (www.amazon.com) for “Le B
- Page 39 and 40: will be drawn to this easily reache
- Page 41 and 42: a search for “heated water bowl
- Page 43 and 44: interior warm enough to prevent or
- Page 45 and 46: food works best for your budget, th
- Page 47 and 48: steroids, tranquilizers, anesthetic
- Page 49: weather, loud construction work nea
- Page 52 and 53: • Feralvilla Outdoor Cat ShelterD
- Page 54 and 55: • Styrofoam boxesRestaurants and
- Page 56 and 57: Another option is the Snuggle Safe
- Page 60 and 61: 4. Schedule the spay/neuterAfter yo
- Page 62 and 63: three more traps than the number of
- Page 64 and 65: Tomahawk Live Trap- Neighborhood Ca
- Page 66 and 67: 11 inches in height. In our opinion
- Page 68 and 69: trap are attached. The transfer doo
- Page 70 and 71: Feral cat densNeighborhood Cats Fer
- Page 72 and 73: drop trap (code: KITDT) - see Figur
- Page 74 and 75: That said, not every community offe
- Page 76 and 77: practice. In our experience, there
- Page 78 and 79: saving one day. Also remember, you
- Page 80 and 81: intrusions you and others make into
- Page 82 and 83: doing so. Don’t check too frequen
- Page 84 and 85: Winter trappingSome trappers in nor
- Page 86 and 87: around and inflict a severe bite or
- Page 88 and 89: The bottle-and-string method is use
- Page 90 and 91: you let her go right away, there is
- Page 92 and 93: If you might have to care for unwea
- Page 94 and 95: Unless a caretaker objects on relig
- Page 96 and 97: Caddie” by Tomahawk (see Figure 9
- Page 98 and 99: effective, some experienced trapper
- Page 100 and 101: feet long, and lean it up against a
- Page 102 and 103: sodium hypochlorite on the label of
- Page 104 and 105: PreparationsAs with any trapping, i
- Page 106 and 107: 4. Anchor the trap. Place a heavy o
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transfer cage, so the far end needs
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11. Caring for Cats in TrapsWhile t
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Feeding and cleaningThe traps shoul
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7. Secure the rear doorAfter you’
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Figure 12-1 shows the Setup fullyas
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unlikely the cat would be able to o
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• Special instructionsAny special
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The FVRCP vaccine, also known as th
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difficult without the ability to te
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windpipe and cut off her breathing.
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“snap” test, it produces a resu
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In our experience, the primary caus
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Before releasing a spayed female, r
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has been created and one set of cat
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and water bowls - see the Feral Cat
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enforcement agency will tell you if
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long will show signs of being socia
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feral at all yet and may tame immed
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When they’re verycomfortable with
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socialize enough, which is very lik
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When the cat no longer uses the cag
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alternatives, like scratching posts
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• Where to lookIn order to attrac
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In case you’re unable to return t
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18. Feral Cat ResourcesBooks Implem
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Petco Foundation (4Rs Project Suppo
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ToolkitsAction Kit: Advocating for
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Appendix BHOW TO BUILDTHE NEIGHBORH
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5. Place piece E two inches back fr
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Trap LogProject/Colony: ___________
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In memory ofBobby Kergis1952 - 2011