SOCIETY AND SETTLEMENT IN GLENDALOUGH ... - Ian Cantwell

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What is unclear is the amount of unenclosed settlement. This is defined as smallbuildings ofperishable materials which sometimes lie close to importantraths and oftenhave souterains. It is likely that seasonal housing also existed in higher altitudes forherdsmen. The amount and development ofunenclosed settlements is still a matter ofdebate and no consensus has been reached though their appears to be a growing beliefthat there was a transition to square housing sometime before the IIth century170.This brief sketch ofthe distribution needs to be developed through a proper survey ofthe plateau. It would be equally useful to conduct a similar survey in Imaal so thatcomparisons can be made. Ifa typology ofa monastic estate can be developed than it ispossible that the elusive Magmersa could be identified. It could also be compared withother major ecclesiastical centres as a test ofthe hypothesis that this is a representativedistribution ofdirectly controlled ecclesiastical estates.SummaryIn summary the plateau and valley system ofwhat is now the Derrylossary Parish washome to a highly developed ecclesiastical civitas comprising ofan Abbey and Bishopricwith extensive estates and paruchia. Even though its origins are obscure by the 12thcentury it had an extensive commercial network of agriculture and craftsmanship andculturally; it was an important place oflearning. Glendalough was an object ofdynasticstruggle and it passed through the hands ofall ofthe main Leinster rulers in the EarlyMedieval period. T~ must have been destabilising at certain periods but through itsown recourses it survived and prospered.The distribution ofthe settlement on the Vartry plateau shows that the arrangementsand relationships favoured by secular and church were different. While the easternplateau is typical ofdispersed settlement the western side is more highly centralised in1700 raham op.cit. pp.49-5041
larger units. This latter distribution appears not to be found, yet, elsewhere and is,hopefully, a contribution to the developing settlement history of Early MedievalIreland.Mumford, in 'The City in History', stated that "Contrary to the convictions of censusstatisticians, it is art, culture and political purpose, not numbers, that define a city" 171;which is an appropriate way ofending this period when the winds ofchange belongingto the HighMedievalwere beginning to becomea majorinfluence.111quoted in Long. op.cit. p, 17642
Page 1 and 2: SOCIETY AND SETTLEMENTINGLENDALOUGH
Page 3: INTRODUCTIONIn 1990, due to family
Page 6 and 7: "Geography is a permanentfactor in
Page 8 and 9: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI am deeply indebte
Page 10 and 11: MEmODOLOGYIn 1996 two important wor
Page 12 and 13: The fourth was the primary research
Page 14 and 15: have been a tributary of the Avonmo
Page 16 and 17: Pre-HoloceneAt the end of the perio
Page 18 and 19: 4,6Q0-4,200BP, with an increase of
Page 20 and 21: diagnostic ofhigh population pressu
Page 22 and 23: Map2 Pre-Historic archaeology~. ._
Page 24 and 25: must be careful in interpreting the
Page 26 and 27: may be Downemore in Glassnamullen b
Page 28 and 29: Knockadreet (Cnoc a' droichead); th
Page 30 and 31: What is worth noting is the continu
Page 32 and 33: include the creation ofa saintly ar
Page 34 and 35: v1ap 4 Diffusion ofSelected Saints:
Page 36 and 37: From around the ninth century Giend
Page 38 and 39: Glendalough: Politieal contextDurin
Page 40 and 41: understanding medieval ideologies,
Page 42 and 43: Glendalough: Abbey and BishoprieIn
Page 44 and 45: low density which he explains by th
Page 46 and 47: known how well this represents cont
Page 48 and 49: Parish of Glendalough in the 1821.
Page 53 and 54: The charters ofconfirmation to the
Page 55 and 56: Dublin, John Cumin, was in exile 11
Page 57 and 58: must pay for the wood 209 . This gr
Page 59 and 60: appears to be the continuation ofth
Page 61 and 62: 'IIIRoad to Plateau,,-- --Map 8 Cas
Page 63 and 64: ecame Archdeacon of Glendalough and
Page 65 and 66: obscure and even the great expert,
Page 67 and 68: Glassnamullen was hived offfrom the
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER 4CONQUESTANDSECULMUSATIONPo
Page 71 and 72: Glenmalure, but the fact that descr
Page 73 and 74: I Map 9 Politics and Conquest - 130
Page 75 and 76: Castlekevin under siegeThe impact o
Page 77 and 78: transition from grain to pastoral a
Page 79 and 80: CHAPTERSDECLINE, RESURGENCE AND EXT
Page 81 and 82: Resurgence - The political backgrou
Page 83 and 84: ofthe lowlandsofthe Pale andthe ber
Page 85 and 86: which were put into execution in th
Page 87 and 88: succumbed to the Gaelic Dream when
Page 89 and 90: year. However it was agreed and con
Page 91 and 92: Whigmanstown, Glasmollin and Tollag
Page 93 and 94: By 1636 there is a well utilised la
Page 95 and 96: integration into English and Europe
Page 97 and 98: SettlementThe Hearth Money Rolls of
Page 99 and 100: can be organised differently to a s
Page 101 and 102:
Over the period there are various p
Page 103 and 104:
APPENDIXlPOLLEN RESEARCH IN GLENDAL
Page 105 and 106:
Notwithstanding the problems ofinte
Page 107 and 108:
Glendalough, Co. Wicl\lowPoll en Pe
Page 109 and 110:
CALIBRATION OF RADIOCARBOAGE TO CAL
Page 111 and 112:
advantage to be able to return to t
Page 113 and 114:
eformers such as LanfrancofPavia an
Page 115 and 116:
His canonisation is an excellent ex
Page 117 and 118:
In conclusion the history ofthe Chu
Page 119 and 120:
Castlekevin LineArtOge----------1--
Page 121 and 122:
Inquisition at Castle Keuyn. 1257-6
Page 123 and 124:
I went to view.the lands of the Var
Page 125 and 126:
In the Study area the main element
Page 127 and 128:
ABBREVIATIONSAlen'sReg.: Calendarof
Page 129 and 130:
Cantwell Ian, DiamondHill, RD.H.F.J
Page 131 and 132:
Long Harry, Three Settlements ofGae
Page 133 and 134:
Smyth AlfredP., Kings, Saintsand Sa
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SOCIETY AND SETTLEMENT IN GLENDALOUGH ... - Ian Cantwell

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