Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement ...

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Movements in the horizontal plane about the vertical axis External and internal rotation, shown in Figure 1.5, are the outwards and inwards movements of the leg or arm about their longitudinal axes – these movements are also known, respectively, as lateral and medial rotation. External and internal rotation of the forearm are referred to, respectively, as supination and pronation. Rotation to the left and rotation to the right are the rather obvious terms for horizontal plane movements of the head, neck and trunk. Horizontal flexion and extension (or horizontal abduction and adduction), shown in Figure 1.6, define the rotation of the arm about the shoulder joint or the leg about the hip joint from a position of 90° abduction. In sports biomechanics, movements from any position in the horizontal plane towards the anterior are usually called horizontal flexion and those towards the posterior horizontal extension. (In strict anatomical terms, these movements are named from the 90° abducted position; the return movements towards that position are called reduction of horizontal flexion and extension respectively). Movements of the thumb THE ANATOMY OF HUMAN MOVEMENT Figure 6.1 Movements in the frontal plane about the sagittal axis: (a) lateral flexion; (b) pronation; (c) supination. The movements of the thumb, shown in Figures 6.2(a) to (c), may appear to be confusingly named. 227
INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS BIOMECHANICS Figure 6.2 Movements of the thumb: (a) abduction–adduction; (b) flexion–extension; (c) hyperflexion. 228 Abduction and adduction (Figure 6.2(a)) are used to define movements away from and towards the palm of the hand in the sagittal plane; hyperadduction is the continuation of adduction beyond the starting position.
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Introduction to Sports Biomechanics
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First edition published 1997 This e
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Contents List of figures x List of
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Study tasks 216 Glossary of importa
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FIGURES 1.26 Underarm throw - femal
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FIGURES 5.9 Typical path of a swimm
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Tables 2.1 Examples of slowest sati
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Preface Why have I changed the cove
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Introduction MISSING TEXT The first
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INTRODUCTION principal movements in
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INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
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Figure 2.2 ‘Principles’ approac
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Figure 2.13 Identifying critical fe
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INDEX 282 balls air flow past 173 b
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INDEX 284 energy 219 kinetic 219 mi
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INDEX 286 isokinetic contraction 24
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INDEX 288 muscle length-tension rel
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INDEX 290 three-dimensional 146-7,
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INDEX 292 validity 220 vantage poin
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