Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement ...

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FIGURES 5.9 Typical path of a swimmer’s hand relative to the water 179 5.10 Forces on a runner 181 5.11 Levers as examples of parallel force systems 183 5.12 Standing vertical jump time series 187 5.13 Determination of whole body centre of mass 190 5.14 Action and reaction 193 5.15 Angular momentum 194 5.16 Generation of rotation 196 5.17 Generation of rotation 197 5.18 Instantaneous centre of rotation and centre of percussion 198 5.19 Trading of angular momentum between axes of rotation 200 5.20 Ground contact force and moment (or torque) components that act on the sports performer 202 5.21 Force plate characteristics 204 5.22 Representation of force input and recorded output signals as a function of time 206 5.23 Steady-state frequency response characteristics of a typical second-order force plate system 207 5.24 Transient response characteristics of a typical second-order force plate system 208 5.25 Force plate variables as functions of time for a standing broad jump 211 5.26 Force vectors for a standing broad jump and centre of pressure path from above 212 5.27 A plantar pressure insole system – Pedar 214 5.28 Pedar insole data displays 216 6.1 Movements in the frontal plane about the sagittal axis 227 6.2 Movements of the thumb 228 6.3 Shoulder girdle movements 230 6.4 Pelvic girdle movements 231 6.5 The skeleton 233 6.6 Surface features of bones 236 6.7 Classification of synovial joints 239 6.8 Main skeletal muscles 242 6.9 Structural classification of muscles 245 6.10 Simple schematic model of skeletal muscle 247 6.11 Muscle responses 249 6.12 Length–tension relationship for whole muscle contraction 251 6.13 Force–velocity relationship 252 6.14 Tension–time relationship 253 6.15 Force potentiation in the stretch–shortening cycle in vertical jumps 254 6.16 Three-dimensional muscle force components 255 6.17 Two-dimensional muscle force components 257 6.18 Schematic representation of the generation of the EMG signal 258 6.19 Bipolar configurations of surface electrodes 261 xiii
FIGURES xiv 6.20 Effect of high-pass filter on cable artifacts 262 6.21 EMG signals without mains hum 264 6.22 Electrode locations based on SENIAM recommendations 267 6.23 Time domain processing of EMG 269 6.24 Idealised EMG power spectrum 272 6.25 EMG power spectra at the start and the end of a sustained, constant force contraction 272 6.26 Use of an isokinetic dynamometer 274
Page 2: Introduction to Sports Biomechanics
Page 5 and 6: First edition published 1997 This e
Page 8 and 9: Contents List of figures x List of
Page 10 and 11: Study tasks 216 Glossary of importa
Page 12 and 13: FIGURES 1.26 Underarm throw - femal
Page 16 and 17: Tables 2.1 Examples of slowest sati
Page 18 and 19: Preface Why have I changed the cove
Page 20 and 21: Introduction MISSING TEXT The first
Page 22: INTRODUCTION principal movements in
Page 25 and 26: INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
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INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
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Figure 2.2 ‘Principles’ approac
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Figure 2.13 Identifying critical fe
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Figure 6.8 Main skeletal muscles: (
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INDEX 282 balls air flow past 173 b
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INDEX 284 energy 219 kinetic 219 mi
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INDEX 286 isokinetic contraction 24
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INDEX 288 muscle length-tension rel
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INDEX 290 three-dimensional 146-7,
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INDEX 292 validity 220 vantage poin
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