Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement ...

INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS BIOMECHANICS
Figure 3.20 Hip and knee phase planes for one stride of walking: (a) hip phase plane; (b) knee phase plane.
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It is also worth noting that phase planes for the hip angle in walking and running are
not topologically equivalent (compare Figure 3.20(a) with Figure 3.17(a)); the phase
plane for running has two loops while that for walking has only one. However, the knee
phase planes for the same running and walking strides are topologically equivalent as
they both have two loops, as seen in Figures 3.20(b) and 3.17(b).