Introduction to Sports Biomechanics: Analysing Human Movement ...

Figures
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1.1 Cardinal planes and axes of movement 4
1.2 Reference postures 5
1.3 Movement of the forearm about the elbow joint in the sagittal plane 6
1.4 Abduction and adduction of the arm about the shoulder joint and the
thigh about the hip joint 7
1.5 Medial and lateral rotation of the arm about the shoulder joint 7
1.6 Horizontal flexion and extension of the abducted arm about the
shoulder joint 8
1.7 Young female walking overground at her preferred speed in trainers 10
1.8 Same young female as in Figure 1.7 walking on a level treadmill at her
preferred speed in trainers 11
1.9 Older male walking on a level treadmill at his preferred speed in
bowling shoes 12
1.10 Another young female walking on a level treadmill at her preferred
speed in high-heeled shoes 13
1.11 Young male walking on a 20% inclined treadmill at his preferred speed
in work shoes 14
1.12 Three-year-old boy walking overground 15
1.13 Young female running at her preferred speed in trainers 16
1.14 Another young female running at her preferred speed in dress shoes 17
1.15 Young male running at his preferred speed in casual shoes 18
1.16 Older male running at his preferred speed in normal trainers 19
1.17 Older male running at his preferred speed in MBT trainers 20
1.18 Three-year-old boy running at his preferred speed 21
1.19 Young male sprinting in spikes 22
1.20 Standing countermovement vertical jump with hands on hips 23
1.21 Standing countermovement vertical jump with normal arm action 24
1.22 Standing countermovement vertical jump with ‘model’ arm action 25
1.23 Standing countermovement vertical jump with abnormal arm action 26
1.24 Standing countermovement broad, or long, jump with hands on hips 27
1.25 Standing countermovement broad, or long, jump with normal arm
action 28