The geographical distribution of animals, with a study of the relations ...

INDEX. 497Leptosomus, allied form in European Eocene,168Leptosomus of Madagascar, 27Sfigure of, 279Leptothcrium, in Brazilian caves, 144Lepus, in Brazilian caves, 145S. American Pliocene, 147Lestodon, S. American Pliocene, 147Lewis, Mr. George, his collection of Japaninsects, 228Lebellula, from the Lias, 167Lilljeborg, Professor, on classification of theRodentia, 90Limnwa, Eocene, 169European Secondary, 169Limnatornis, European Miocene, 161Limnoctjon, N. American Tertiary, 134Limnohyus, N. American Tertiary, 136Limnotneridce, N. American Tertiary, 133Limnolherivm, N. American Tertiary, 133Listriodon, European Miocene, 119Lithomys, European Miocene. 120Lithornis, European Eocene, 163Lizards, classification of, 99Tertiary, 165wide range of a species in Polynesia, 448Loncheres, in Brazilian caves, 145Lonchophorus, in Brazilian caves, 145Lophiodon, European Eocene, 125N. American Tertiary, 136Lophiotherium, N. American Tertiary, 136 .Lord Howe's Island, birds of, 453Loxomylus, Pliocene of Antilles, 148Lund, Dr., his researches in caves of Brazil, 143Lutra, European Miocene, 118Indian Miocene, 121Lyccena, Miocene of Greece, 115Lyrebird, figure of, 441M.Macacus, European Pliocene, 112Miocene of Greece, 115Indian Miocene, 121supposed in European Eocene, 125Machairodus, 110, 111Miocene of Greece, 115European Miocene, 118Indian Miocene, 121N. American Tertiary, 134in Brazilian caves, 144S. American Pliocene, 146Macranchenia, S. American Pliocene, 146Macrotherium, Miocene of Greece, 116European Miocene, 121Madagascar, extinct birds of, 164description of, 272mammalia of, 272birds of, 274reptiles of, 279amphibia of, 280extinct fauna of, 282general remarks on insect fauna of, 284Madeira, birds of, 20Sland shells of, 208beetles of, 210wingless insects numerous in, 211how stocked with animals, 213Malacca, Sumatra, and Borneo, zoologicalunity of, 353comparison of mammalia, 354of birds, 355Malagasy sub-region, description of, 272mammalia of, 272birds of, 274illustration of zoology of, 278Malagasy sub-region, reptiles of, 279amphibia of, 280extinct fauna of, 2S2, 289insects of, 282early history of, 2S6Malaya and Indo-Malaya, terms defined, 345(note)Malavan forms of life reappearing in West" Africa, 263fauna, probable origin of, 359resemblances to that of Madagascar andCeylon explained, 361Malta, Post-Pliocene fauna of, 114formerly joined to Africa, 201fossil elephants of, 201birds of, 206 (note)Mammalia, means of dispersal of, 10as limited by climate, 11as limited by rivers, 12how far limited by the sea, 13dispersed by ice-floes and drift-wood, 14means of dispersal of aquatic, 15of most importance in determining zoologicalregions, 57classification of, 85birthplace and migrations of some familiesof, 142, 153cosmopolitan groups of, 176of the Palsearetic region, 181of the European sub-region, 192of the Mediterranean sub-region, 202of the Siberian sub-region, 217characteristic of Western Tartary, 218of the Manchurian sub-region, 222Pal»arctio genera of, in the Manchuriansub-region, 222Oriental genera of, on borders of samesub-region. 223peculiar to Japan, 223characteristic of N. W. China and Mongolia,226table of Palaearetic families of, 234range of Pal*arctic genera of, 239of the Ethiopian region, 253absence of certain important groups, 253of the East African sub-region, 260of West Africa, 262of S. Africa, 267of Madagascar, 272table of Ethiopian families of, 294table of Ethiopian genera of, 300of the Oriental region, 315range of the genera inhabiting the Indiansub-region, 322of Ceylon, 327of the Indo-Chinese sub-region, 330of the Indo-Malayan sub-region, 336illustration of characteristic Malayan,336of the Philippine Islands, 345table of Oriental families of, 365table of Oriental genera of, 371of Australian region, 390of the Papuan Islands, 410of the Moluccas, 417of Timor group, 422of Celebes, 427of Australia, 439illustration of, 439of New Zealand, 450table of families of Australian, 470table of genera of Australian, 475Mammal, the most ancient American, 134Mammalia, extinct, of Old World, 107extinct, of historic period, 110extinct, comparative age of in Europe, 127