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;;324 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. [part hi.open to observation; and that these are often of wide-spreadtypes, and some few almost exclusively African. The facts headduced do not, however, seem to have satisfied the objectorsand as the subject is an important one, I will here give listsof all the genera of Passeres, Picariae, Psittaci, Columbee, andGalling, which inhabit the sub-region, leaving out those whichonly just enter within its boundaries from adjacent sub-regions.These are arranged under four heads:— 1. Oriental genera; whichare either wholly confined to, or strikingly prevalent in, theOriental region beyond the limits of the Indian peninsula. 2.Genera of Wide Ptange ; which are fully as much entitled to beconsidered Oriental or Paleearctic as Ethiopian, and cannot beheld to prove any Ethiopian affinity. 3. Palsearctic genera;which are altogether or almost absent from the Ethiopian region.4. Ethiopian genera ; which are confined to, or very prevalentin, the Ethiopian region, whence they extend into the Indianpeninsula but not over the whole Oriental region. The last arethe only ones which, can be fairly balanced against those of thefirst list, in order to determine the character of the fauna.1. Oriental Genera in Central India.Geocichla, Orthotomtcs, Prinia, Megalums, Abrornis, Larvivora,Copsychus, Kittacincla, PomatorJiinus, Malacocercus, Chatarrhcea,Layardia, Garrulax, Trochalopteron, Pellorneum, Dumetia,Pyctoris, Alcippe, Myiophonus, Sitta, Dendropliila, Phyllornis,lora, Hypsipetcs, Pericrocotus, Graucalus, Volvocivora, Chibia,Chaptia, Irena, Erythrosterna, Hewipus, Hemichelidon, Niltava,Cyomis, Eumyias, Hypothymis, Myicdestcs, Tephrodornis, Dendrocitta,Arachnechthra, Nectarophila, Arachnothera, Dicocum, Piprisoma,Mania, Eulabes, Pastor, Acridotheres, Sturnia, Stumopastor,Artamus, Nemoricola, Pitta, Yungipicus, Clirysocolaptes, Hemicircus,Oecinus, Mtdleripicus, Bracliypternus, Tiga, Micropternus,Megala?ma, Xantliolccma, Rhopodytes, Taccocoua, Sumiculus,Hierococcyx, Eudynamnis, Nyctiomis, Harpactes, Pelargopsis,Ceyx, Hydrocissa, Meniceros, Batrachostomus, Dendrochelidon,Collocalia, Palceornis, Treron, Carpophaga, Chalcophaps, Ortygornis,Perdix, Pavo, Gallus, Gallopcrdix — 87 genera; and
chap, xii.] THE ORIENTAL REGION. 325one peculiar genus, Salpornis, whose affinities are Palrearctic orOriental.2. Genera of Wide Eange occurring in Central India.Tardus, Monticola, Drymceca, Cisticola, Acrocephalus, Phylloscopus,Pratincola, Parus, Pycnonotus, Criniger, Oriolus, Dicrurus,Tchitrea, Zanitis, Corvus, Zosterops, Hirundo, Cotyle, Passer,Ploceus, Estrilda, Alauda, Galandrella, Mirafra, Ammomanes,Motacilla, Anthus, Picus,Yunx, Centropus, Cuculus, Chrysoccocyx,Cqccystes, Coracias, Eurystomus, Merop>s, Alcedo, Ceryle, Halcyon,Upupa, Caprimtdgus, Cypselus, Chcetura, Columba,Turtur, Pterocles,Coturnix, Turnix;—48 genera.3. Palêarctic Genera occurring in Central India.Hypolais, Sylvia, Ourruca, Cyanecula, Calliope, Chelidon, Euspiza,Emhcriza, Galerita, Calobates, Corydalla;— 11 genera.4. Ethiopian Genera occurring in Central India.Tliamnobia, Pyrrhulauda, Pterocles, Francolinus ;— 4 genera.A consideration of the above lists shows us, that the Hindostansub-region is by no means so poor in forms of bird-life as isgenerally supposed (and as I had myself anticipated, it wouldprove to be), possessing, as it does, 151 genera of land-birds,without counting the Accipitres. It must also set at rest thequestion of the zoological affinities of the district, since a preponderanceof 88 genera, against 4, cannot be held to be insufficient,and cannot be materially altered by any corrections indetails that may be proposed or substantiated. Even of thesefour, only the first two are exclusively Ethiopian, Pterocles andFrancolinus both being Palsearctic also. It is a question, indeed,whether anywhere in the world an outlying sub-region canbe found, exhibiting less zoological affinity for the adjacentregions ;and we have here a striking illustration of the necessityof deciding all such cases, not by examples, which may be sochosen as to support any view, but by carefully weighing andcontrasting the whole of the facts on which the solution of the
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Boston UniversityCollege of Liberal
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Till. WOULD „» M Km 'ATI IK'S I'
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1IvWNrf*^ • '-^Taircecollection V
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viPREFACE.past history of the earth
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—viiiPREFACE.distribution of an o
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PREFACE.therefore designed a series
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xiiPREFACE.and conclusions would ha
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::::—::xivPREFACE.Professor Flowe
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2—CONTENTS OF THE EIEST VOLUME.PA
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—CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.xix
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—CONTENTS OF THE FIRST VOLUME.xxi
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THEGEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTIONOF ANIM
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4 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part i.
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6 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part I.
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8 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part i.
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CHAPTEE II.THE MEANS OF DISPERSAL A
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;12 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part
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14 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part i
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18 DISPERSAL AND MIGRATION. [part i
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;22 DISPERSAL AND MIGRATION. [part
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24 DISPERSAL AND MIGRATION. [part I
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26 DISPERSAL AND MIGRATION. [part j
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36 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part r
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CHAPTER IV.ON ZOOLOGICAL REGIONS.To
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72 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part I
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:,Numidinae..:96 DISTRIBUTION OF AN
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—98 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [PAR
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———100 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMAL
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102 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS. [part
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——104 DISTRIBUTION OF ANIMALS.
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CHAPTER VI.THE EXTINCT MAMMALIA OF
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;chap, vi.] MAMMALIA OF THE OLD WOR
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chap, vi.] MAMMALIA OF THE OLD WORL
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;chat, vi.] MAMMALIA OF THE OLD WOR
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——chap, vi.] MAMMALIA OF THE OL
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CHAPTEE VII.EXTINCT MAMMALIA OF THE
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chap. VII.] MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WOR
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chap, vii.] MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WOR
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;chap, vii.] MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WO
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;chap, vii.] MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WO
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—;chap, vii.] MAMMALIA OF THE NEW
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chap, vil] MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WORL
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Jchap. vii.MAMMALIA OF THE NEW WORL
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CHAPTER VIII.VARIOUS EXTINCT ANIMAL
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chap, viii.] MESOZOIC MAMMALIA. 159
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;chap, viii.] BIRDS. . 161as indica
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chap, vm.] BIRDS. 163discovered in
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chap, viii.] TERTIARY REPTILES. 1G5
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——;chap, vm.] ANTIQUITY OF INSE
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—chap, viii.] ANTIQUITY OF LAND S
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PART III.ZOOLOGICALGEOGRAPHY:AREVIE
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—174 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. |>art
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;CHAPTER X.THE PALiEAECTICREGION.Th
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;chap, x.] THE PALiEARCTIC REGION.
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——chap, x.] THE PAL.EARCTIC REG
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;chap. x.J THE PALÂRCTIC REGION. 1
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—chap. x.J THE PALiEARCTIC REGION
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Ghap. x.] THE PALÂRCTIC REGION. 18
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;chap, x.] THE PALÎARCTIC REGION.
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chap, x.] THE PALÂRCTIC REGION. 19
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;chap, x.] THE PALiEARCTIC REGION.
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chap, x.] THE PALÂRCTIC REGION. 22
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CHAP. X.] THE PALÂRCTIC REGION. 23
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CHAP. X.J
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.CHAP. X.] THE PAL.EARCTIC REGION.
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—CHAP. X.] THE PALÂRCTIC REGION.
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CHAP. X.J THE PALiEARCTIC REGION. 2
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..)CHAP. X.] THE PAL.EARCTIC REGION
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CHAP. X.] THE PALÂRCTIC REGION. 24
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CHAP. X.] THE PALÎARCTIC REGION. 2
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chap, xi.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGION. 26
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;CHAP. XI.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGION. 2
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chap. xi.J THE ETHIOPIAN REGION. 26
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——chap, xi.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGI
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—chap, xi.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGION.
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;chap, xi.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGION. 2
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—CHAP. XI.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGION.
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;CHAP. XI.] THE ETHIOPIAN REGION. 2
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Page 325: PLATE VI.SCENE IN MADAGASCAR, WITH
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:378 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGKAPHY. [PART II
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N.384 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY. [part n
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CHAPTER XIII.THE AUSTRALIAN EEGION.
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;chap, xiii.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION
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;chap, xiii.] THE AUSTKALIAN REGION
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chap, xin.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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chap, xiii.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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;chap, xni.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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;chap, xin.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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—chap, xiii.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGI
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..CHAP. XIII.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGIO
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-^PLATE X.z^f-^
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———416 ZOOLOGICAL GEOGRAPHY.
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———chap, xin.] THE AUSTRALIAN
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—;chap, xiu.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGI
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—;chap, xiii.] THE AUSTRALIAN REG
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;chap, xiii.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION
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chap, xin.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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chap, xni.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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chap, xiu.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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...CHAP. XIII.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGI
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iCHAP. XIII.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION
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.CHAP. XIII.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION
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CHAP. XIII.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION.
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.(HAP. XIII.] THE AUSTRALIAN REGION
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INDEX TO VOL. I.Note.—In this Ind
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AmericanINDEX.491Birds, Oriental ge
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INDEX. 493Deer, fossil in N. Americ
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INDEX. 495Grallae, peculiar Orienta
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INDEX. 497Leptosomus, allied form i
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INDEX. 499Nannhyus, N. American Ter
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INDEX. 501Region, the best term for
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INDEX. 503I JJngulata, antiquity of
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