Million Book Collection - The Fishers of Men Ministries

Million Book Collection - The Fishers of Men Ministries Million Book Collection - The Fishers of Men Ministries

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388 THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH ANDwarmly pursued and never wholly neglected, wereyet subordinate.18Who is this man of singular ugliness, with aface like a Silenus, with a body enduring hungerand impervious to heat and cold, who for thirtyyears frequents from morning to night the agora,the streets, the porticoes of Athens; who can drainthe wine-cup through the night, and with reasonunimpaired discuss philosophy through the followingday; never alone, ready to converse with allin whom he discerned the germ of inquiry; whoneither courts the high nor despises the low, butbeside whom may be found the reckless beauty ofAlcibiades and the staid gravity of Nicias, the ad-miring gaze of Plato even in youth majestic, andthe sober homage of plainer Xenophon ? Who isthis, the man most social of men where the wholepopulation is a club, the club of Athenian citizenship; whose tongue arrests the most volatile andinconstant of peoples; whose reason attracts andby turns draws out or silences the most oppositeof characters; whose whole life is publicity; ofspirit at once homely and subtle, simple and critical,parent both of philosophic certitude and philosophicscepticism? This is Socrates, the son ofSophroniscus, to whom Greek philosophy will look18 Thus Zeller throughout his great work perpetually deplores that-through this long period, and with increasing force after Aristotle's time,Wissenscliafimmgreatest good, and his happiness.

THE GREEK PHILOSOPHY.389back as on one that had given its bent and directedits course during a thousand years, until the lastof its defenders19 will fight a hopeless battle withtriumphant Christianity, as the gods of Greecevanish, never more to return, and the lurid starof a false prophet teaching a false monotheismappears above the horizon, and takes the place,which they have left vacant, to be chief foe of theChristian name.The special principle of Socrates is thus de-scribed to us by an historian of Greek philoso-phy.20 "It is not merely an already existingmode of thought which was further developed bySocrates, but an essentially new principle and proceedingwhich were introduced into philosophy.Whilst all preceding philosophy had been directedimmediately on the object, so that the question ofthe essence and grounds of natural appearances isin it the radical question, on which all others depend,Socrates was the first to give utterance tothe conviction that nothing can be known respectinganything which meets our thought, before itsgeneral essence, its conception, be determinedlingly the trial ofttions by the standard of the conception is philosophicalself-cognition, the beginning and the conditionof all true knowing: whilst those who precededhim had arrived through the consideration13 Simplicius, in the sixth century.20 Zeller, i. p, 117.

388 THE CHRISTIAN CHURCH ANDwarmly pursued and never wholly neglected, wereyet subordinate.18Who is this man <strong>of</strong> singular ugliness, with aface like a Silenus, with a body enduring hungerand impervious to heat and cold, who for thirtyyears frequents from morning to night the agora,the streets, the porticoes <strong>of</strong> Athens; who can drainthe wine-cup through the night, and with reasonunimpaired discuss philosophy through the followingday; never alone, ready to converse with allin whom he discerned the germ <strong>of</strong> inquiry; whoneither courts the high nor despises the low, butbeside whom may be found the reckless beauty <strong>of</strong>Alcibiades and the staid gravity <strong>of</strong> Nicias, the ad-miring gaze <strong>of</strong> Plato even in youth majestic, andthe sober homage <strong>of</strong> plainer Xenophon ? Who isthis, the man most social <strong>of</strong> men where the wholepopulation is a club, the club <strong>of</strong> Athenian citizenship; whose tongue arrests the most volatile andinconstant <strong>of</strong> peoples; whose reason attracts andby turns draws out or silences the most opposite<strong>of</strong> characters; whose whole life is publicity; <strong>of</strong>spirit at once homely and subtle, simple and critical,parent both <strong>of</strong> philosophic certitude and philosophicscepticism? This is Socrates, the son <strong>of</strong>Sophroniscus, to whom Greek philosophy will look18 Thus Zeller throughout his great work perpetually deplores that-through this long period, and with increasing force after Aristotle's time,Wissenscliafimmgreatest good, and his happiness.

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