CalCOFI Reports, Vol. 27, 1986 - California Cooperative Oceanic ...

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FISHERIES REVIEW: 1985CalCOFl Rep., Vol. XXVII, 1986an ocean-wide scale, the WOC fishery lands roughly10%-20% of the annual Pacific-wide catch.A 1985 price agreement of $1,300 per ton for fishweighing 9 pounds or more, and $950 per ton for fishless than 9 pounds was reached in June between PanPacific Cannery and the Western Fishboat OwnersAssociation. During the summer the price droppedtwice, bringing the rate down to $1,000 per ton for fishsold directly to the cannery. This price was as low asthe rates in the mid-1970s. Shipping charges continuedto be deducted from albacore sales at other locations.In 1984, the prices opened at $1,400 per ton for fish 9pounds or more and $1,125 per ton for fish less than 9pounds. By the end of the season, prices had declinedto $1,150 per ton and $875 per ton.Market demand has been one of the most significantinfluences on the fishery. Pan Pacific at TerminalIsland was the only cannery to process and can albacorethis season. The other major cannery, Starkist,stopped processing tuna in the United States in October1984. This year it did continue, however, to purchasealbacore, shipping it to Puerto Rico for processing.Fewer buyers and low prices, combined with occasionalwholesaler buying limits, discouraged manyfishermen. Considering that southern California sportboats reported fair to excellent fishing this season, thelow commercial landings are probably due more to reducedfishing effort than fish availability.In the fall of 1983, U.S. and Japanese scientists metto discuss the status of the Pacific-wide population.They concluded that the stock appears to be well exploited,and is being fished near the estimated ranges ofmaximum sustainable yield.R EC R EAT1 0 N AL F I S H E RYThe catch record of sport anglers fishing on commercialpassenger fishing vessels (CPFVs or partyboats)roughly reflects the success of ocean-goinganglers on private boats. These two groups account forthe vast majority of the marine sportfish catch. Duringthe past four years, this catch record has demonstratedwide fluctuations in relative catch success for manyspecies as a result of the 1982-84 El Nifio phenomenon.Even though the onset of El Nifio was in 1982, thecoastal water temperatures along California in 1982were “normal” or within normal limits of a ten-yearmean, and relative abundance of many species caughtby CPFV anglers was also normal. However, the 1983and 1984 warm-water phenomenon caused wide fluctuationsin catch rates. This report compares catch ratesof CPFVs from 1982 through 1985, when coastal watertemperatures returned to normal.The catch of a number of species rose markedly in1983, increased again in 1984, and returned to nearnormal in 1985 (Table 4). These species include Californiabarracuda (Sphyraena argentea), Pacific bonito(Sarda chiliensis), dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus),jack mackerel, and striped marlin (Tetrapturusaudax). One species, bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus),supported increased catches in 1983, 1984, and 1985.Catches of California sheephead (Pimelometopon pulc-hrurn),skipjack tuna (Eurhynnus pelurnis), yellowfintuna (Thunnus albacares), and yellowtail (Seriolalalandei) increased strikingly in 1983, then decreasedin 1984 and again in 1985 to levels similar to those of1982. Although the catch record includes landingsfrom long-range boats that fish off Mexico and operatefrom San Diego, many of the above fishes are subtropicalspecies that increased in California waters as farnorth as Santa Barbara during 1983 and 1984. In addition,bonito were caught as far north as Crescent City,and barracuda as far north as San Francisco Bay.A number of species had declining catches in both1983 and 1984 but increased to levels approaching“normal” in 1985. This group includes barred sandbass (Paralabrax nebulifer), kelp bass (P. clarhratus),California halibut, Pacific mackerel, and white seabass(Cyoscion attractoscion). The rockfish complex(Sebastes spp.) followed a similar pattern, but did notincrease to the same extent in 1985. Some species didnot follow the same patterns, but still demonstratedstrong fluctuations. For example, albacore catches declinedin 1983 then rose in 1984 to provide a record secondonly to the 230,000 fish taken in 1962. The leastdesirable pattern is that of lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus);the catch has declined every year since 1982.While the catch data of fish taken from CPFVs mightbe considered a reflection of abundance, other factorsdetract from this belief. One is the 1982-84 disruptionin water temperature patterns that could have alteredthe feeding habits of some species like rockfishes innorthern California. CPFV operators claim that thesespecies were present, but were in very poor conditionand would not take a baited hook. Another factor thatmay account for lower catches of southern Californiaresident fishes like kelp bass, sand bass, and halibut isthat fishing effort was largely directed toward migrantgame fishes (e.g., tunas and yellowtail) from moresoutherly waters.In summary, the 1982-84 El Nifio phenomenon providedexceptionally good fishing for recreationalanglers in the Southern California Bight and exceptionallypoor fishing north of Point Conception.14
FISHERIES REVIEW: 1985CalCOFl Rep., Vol. XXVII. 1986TABLE 4Reported Catc.. and Nominal Effort of Selec.Jd Species Landed byCalifornia-Based Commercial Passenger Fishing VesselsNumbers of fishSoecies 1982 1983 1984 1985California barracudaBarred sand bassKelp bassStriped bassPacific bonitoDolphinfishCalifornia halibutLingcodPacific mackerelJack mackerelMarlin. unspecifiedRockfishesSablefishSalmon, unspecifiedWhite seabassCalifornia sheepheadAlbacore tunaBluefin tunaSkipjack tunaYellowfin tunaOcean whitefishYellowtailAll othersTotal fishTotal anglers73.135273,828312,8913,646219,4781,09911,80449,791914.2384.404333,089,6551,578103,5761,89937,24236,690665322,03522.60437,308174.0148 1.989158,353304,64514,206348,0504.9925.68230,543630,0035.308652,346,2701555.5601,00368,97217,1611,912103,040116,29822.095178.688130,1465,370,645 4,624,996775,473 69 I ,79287,414136,612222,77113,524377,6786.5323,20923,797604,32413,2612872.015,79156871,49197338.52221 1,2852.83430.3578,64864,24196,018142.2564,172,393701,73775 ,448299,152213,2999,686120,1391,3077,09020,603695,7086.825682,043,1293,928108,8511,04535,934172,4934.9802383,89884,38 I45,509135.9854,149,69671 1,787Contributors:Dennis Bedford, pelagic shark, swordfishPatrick Collier, Pacific ocean shrimpTerri Dickerson, albacore, market squidPaul Gregory, recreational fisheryJim Hardwick, pelagic werJi:shes (central California)Frank Henry, groundfishKenneth Miller, California spiny lobsterSandra Owen, Pac$c ocean shrimpCheryl Scannell, northern anchovy, Pacific mackerelJerome Spratt, Pacific herringRonald Warner, Dungeness crabPatricia Wolf, Pac$c sardine, jack mackerelCompiled by Richard Klingbeil15
Page 1: REPORTSVOLUMECICTCIBERXXVll1986
Page 4 and 5: EDITOR Julie OlfeSPANISH EDITOR Pat
Page 7: COMMITTEE REPORTCalCOFI Rep., Vol.
Page 10 and 11: FISHERIES REVIEW: 1985CalCOFl Rep.,
Page 12 and 13: FISHERIES REVIEW: 1985CalCOFI Rep.,
Page 14 and 15: FISHERIES REVIEW: 1985CalCOFl Rep.,
Page 18 and 19: BINDMAN: 1985 NORTHERN ANCHOVY SPAW
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Page 28 and 29: WOLF AND SMITH: MAGNITUDE OF SARDIN
Page 34 and 35: PUBLICATIONSCalCOFI Rep., Vol. XXVI
Page 37 and 38: Part I1SYMPOSIUM OF THE CALCOFI CON
Page 39 and 40: PETERSEN ET AL.: NEARSHORE HYDROGRA
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STEPHENS ET AL.: LARVAL FISH RECRUI
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Part 111SCIENTIFIC CONTRIBUTIONS
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ESPINO AND WOSNITZA-MENDO: PERUVIAN
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MacGREGOR: SEBASTES ABUNDANCECalCOF
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DuracionQUINONEZ-VELAZQUEZ Y GOMEZ-
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FIEDLER: OFFSHORE ENTRAINMENT OF AN
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SCHMITT: SELECTIVITY AND FEEDING OF
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MOSER ET AL.: EARLY STAGES OF OCEAN
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BRINTON ET AL.: GULF OF CALIFORNIA
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METHOT: FRAME TRAWLCalCOFI Rep., Vo
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