Gas Processing Plants - Linde Engineering

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2Gas processing plants.Gas processing plants are a group of single processunits offered by Linde Engineering. Theseunits include a great deal of proprietary processand component manufacturing know-how in thearea of cryogenic separation and purification ofgases. They serve for the purification and cryogenicseparation of gas mixtures. Cryogenicseparation technology and physical or chemicalscrubbing processes come into application forthese units that frequently are enquired by engineeringcompanies implementing them as singleunits within a larger contract plant. Independentlyendusers may install them as supplement toexisting gas generation facilities. Gas processingplants are therefore to a large extend based onLinde´s proprietary process and production knowhow.The units are tailored to the individual applicationand requirement of the client. Plant designand scope of supply will typically include severalproprietary equipment items produced in Lindeworkshops like plate-fin heat exchangers, coilwoundheat exchangers or the isothermal reactor.Frequently such equipment will be assembledin the workshop and supplied to site as cold box.Partial condensation processesand liquid methane washCryogenic processes for the recovery of purecarbon monoxide and pure hydrogen fromgases resulting from partial oxidation or catalyticreforming processes. Carbon monoxide is mainlyused for the production of acetic acid, formidacid, polyurethane, poly-carbonates andmethyl-acrylates. The desired purity of carbonmonoxide depends on the prevailing requirementsand can be adjusted into the ppmrange with respect to the residual contentsof hydrogen and methane.Liquid nitrogen washThe production of ammonia requires the adjustmentof the stochiometric nitrogen/hydrogenratio to a value of 1:3. Simultaneously other traceimpurities like methane, argon and carbon monoxide(below 5ppm) should be removed to preferentiallyoperate the ammonia synthesis in theabsence of inert components. The liquid nitrogenwash is typically arranged downstream ofthe RECTISOL ® scrubbing process, if partial oxidationof coal or residue oil were selected asfeedstock basis for ammonia production. Theunit is generally supplied as assembled coldboxand includes an upstream adsorber station.Partial condensation cold box in Clearlake, USA
3Gasification complex in TaiwanSeparation of hydrogen, olefinsand LPG from refinery fuel gasRefineries may recover hydrogen olefins and/orLPG from off-gases and thus make more profiton these pro ducts instead of simply using themas fuel gas. By cryogenic proces ses such highquality products can be economically recovered.Similarly the dehydrogenation of butanes by theOleflex or Catofin process within MTBE plantsresult in a mixture of hydrogen and condensableC 4 /C 8 hydrocarbons. Separation of hydrogenfrom a bulk quantity of heavy componentsresults in particular adjustments that should beregarded for the heat exchanger design. It hasturned out to be of advantage for the designrequirements of this cryogenic concept thatLinde can offer design and equipment manufacturingin one hand.Rare gas processingArgon may be recovered from the purge gas ofammonia plants. It can be separated and recoveredas liquid argon in a cryogenic process. Ifsuitable feedstock is available, also other raregases like He, Ne, Kr and Xe can be recovered.Gas liquefactionLinde offers processes for the production ofcarbon dioxide with food quality. The mainfeedstocks are off-gases from ammonia plantsor natural gas sources.Also the liquefaction of SO 2 downstream of fluegas scrubbing plants is a process of this category.Physical and chemical washesAny cryogenic gas separation process requiresthe upstream removal of H 2 S, CO 2 and COS astypical sour gas impurities to meet the specificationfor clean products and prevent theirplugging of the process equipment.RECTISOL ® is the best known proprietary Lindescrubbing process and can simultaneouslyremove all above mentioned sour gas componentsin one process step. RECTISOL ® is selectedfor almost all oil and coal gasification projectswith chemicals as final product.Linde can quote other chemical and physicalwash processes including various kinds of MDEAtype of amine washes, MEA, DEA, Benfield,Sulfinol, Caustic, NMP, Alkacid wash and others.However, due to their number and various applicationsthey are not discussed in this context.
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Gas Processing Plants - Linde Engineering

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