Appendix 1, Runway Incursion Avoidance - FAA

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Signs, Markings, and LightingIt is important for you to know the meanings of the signs,markings, and lights that are used on airports as surfacenavigational aids. All airport markings are painted on thesurface, whereas some signs are vertical and some are paintedon the surface. An overview of the most common signs andmarkings are described on the following pages. For moredetailed information on runway signs and markings, referto the AIM.Runway Holding Position SignNoncompliance with a runway holding position sign mayresult in the FAA filing a Pilot Deviation against you.A runway holding position sign is an airport version of astop sign. [Figure 1-19] It may be seen as a sign and/or itscharacters painted on the airport pavement. The sign has whitecharacters outlined in black on a red background. It is alwayscollocated with the surface painted holding position markingsand is located where taxiways intersect runways. On taxiwaysthat intersect the threshold of the takeoff runway, only thedesignation of the runway may appear on the sign.Figure 1-20. Runway holding position sign at a location other thanthe takeoff end of Runway 18-36 with collocated Taxiway Alphalocation sign.runways are shown on the sign along with arrows showing theapproximate alignment of each runway. [Figure 1-21A and B]In addition to showing the approximate runway alignment,the arrows indicate the direction(s) to the threshold of therunway whose designation is immediately next to eachcorresponding arrow.This type of taxiway and runway/runway intersectiongeometry can be very confusing and create navigationalchallenges. Extreme caution must be exercised when taxiingonto or crossing this type of intersection. Figure 1-21A and Bshows a depiction of a taxiway, runway/runway intersectionand is also designated as a “hot spot” on the airport diagram.In the example, Taxiway Bravo intersects with two runways,31-13 and 35-17, which cross each other.Figure 1-19. Runway holding position sign at takeoff end of Runway14 with collocated Taxiway Alpha location sign.If a taxiway intersects a runway somewhere other than atthe threshold, the sign has the designation of the intersectingrunway. The runway numbers on the sign are arranged tocorrespond to the relative location of the respective runwaythresholds. Figure 1-20 shows “18-36” to indicate thethreshold for Runway 18 is to the left and the threshold forRunway 36 is to the right. The sign also indicates that youare located on Taxiway Alpha.If the runway holding position sign is located on a taxiwayat the intersection of two runways, the designations for bothSurface painted runway holding position signs may also beused to aid you in determining the holding position. Thesemarkings consist of white characters with a black borderon a red background and are painted on the left side of thetaxiway centerline. Figure 1-22 shows a surface paintedrunway holding position sign that is the holding point forRunway 32R-14L.You should never allow any part of your aircraft to cross therunway holding position sign (either a vertical or surfacepainted sign) without a clearance from ATC. Doing so posesa hazard to yourself and others.When the tower is closed or you are operating at a nontoweredairport, you may taxi past a runway holding position signonly when the runway is clear of aircraft, and there areno aircraft on final approach. You may then proceed withextreme caution.1-14
ARunway 31B 35-17 31-1335-1731-13NC-3, 08 MAR 2012 to 05 APR 201235Runway 13Not to be used for navigationNC-3, 08 MAR 2012 to 05 APR 2012BFigure 1-21. (A) Taxiway Bravo location sign collocated with runway/runway intersection holding signs at Sioux Gateway Airport (SUX)(B) Airport diagram of Sioux Gateway Airport (SUX), Sioux City, Iowa. The area outlined in red is a designated “hot spot” (HS1).1-15
Page 1 and 2: Appendix 1Runway IncursionAvoidance
Page 6 and 7: HOT SPOTSSW-4, 08 MAR 2012 to 05 AP
Page 8 and 9: When ATC issues a “hold short”
Page 10 and 11: • Crossing a runway—illuminate
Page 12 and 13: Intersection Departure ClearanceATC
Page 16 and 17: operating at a nontowered airport,
Page 18 and 19: Runway holding position signs and m
Page 20 and 21: AFSSSFBSFBFBFigure 1-33. (A) Orient
Page 22 and 23: Temporarily Closed Runways and Taxi
Page 24: 35L35CFigure 1-42. Two of three par

Appendix 1, Runway Incursion Avoidance - FAA

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