Untitled - Haliburton County Community Cooperative Inc

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• Foot Traffic-when the same route is walked time and time again, soil is exposed making thatarea susceptible to erosion.• Shoreline AlterationsErosion is responsible for more than just natural habitat degradation, erosion also causes; loss ofproperty since the land is slowly eroding into the water, unstable slopes, reduced water clarity, anincrease in water temperature, chemical contamination since the soil that is washed into the watershedusually contains harmful chemicals, siltation, and ultimately leads to biodiversity loss for both aquaticand terrestrial shoreline species (Fisheries and Oceans Canada, 2010). The best method to protect ashoreline from erosion is to keep the natural characteristics intact. This entails natural vegetationremains and landscaping is minimal. Changing the location of rocks and boulders is a major contributorto erosion; therefore such activity should be reduced. Dead branches, stones, and boulders along theshoreline form a natural retaining wall. When water passes over the soil instead of infiltrating into it,erosion occurs. This can be prevented by establishing less hard surfaces on a property which are usuallyin the form of; patios, decks, and driveways. Runoff from the roof can be captured in a rain barrel. If aproperty owner is conducting a construction project, it is advised that they practice erosion controlmethods such as laying hay bales, silt screen fences and filter cloths around the jobsite (Fisheries andOceans Canada, 2010).3.4: Bioengineering to Solve Water ErosionThere are many methods of Bioengineering that are used to help prevent above water erosion;Live Staking- Willows, dogwoods, viburnums, and poplars can be generated from cuttings taken fromnew growth. These can be distributed along a shoreline (Nature in Deed, 2011).Fascines- Fascines are created using live plant material, and are made into a roll or bundle. Once theyare placed along the ground, the cuttings will begin to root and take hold of the soil. There are variations22
of this method where a trench is dug and loose bundles are placed along the trenches. This method isreferred to as a brush layer (Nature in Deed, 2011).Brush Mattress- These are used to cover large open soil areas. Secured firmly as an anchor, they canwithstand considerable waves (Nature in Deed, 2011).Bioengineering Techniques in the water are similar to on-land although instead of preventing erosionthe aim is prevent wave damage.Shoreline Buffers- A buffer is a permanent row of trees, shrubs, grasses, or groundcover along awatercourse which assists in protecting the water body from impact human or natural impacts. An idealbuffer strip is at least 30 meters wide, extending from the lake and heading upland. It is not realistic tohave a buffer strip of this size in all areas due to property sizes although any size is better than none(Healthy Shorelines, 2008).3.5 Shoreline Development and Fish Habitat IntegrityThe sensitivities of fish habitats and water quality extend beyond simply the depths of a body ofwater. Shorelines are an integral component of all aquatic ecosystems and hold much influence on thewaters they surround. Since the spiking trend of exurban development, several human activities onshorelines have been shown to have detrimental effects on the water’s ecosystems, including:construction of cottages, boathouse, docks, dredging lake bottoms, dumping into waters, and clearingon-shore vegetation (Innis, 2008). These actions also greatly increase the amount of runoff entering thelake (Innis, 2008). The Muskoka region is no exception to this trend of development. In a 1995 mappingof the three largest lakes, it was shown that roughly 12% of Lake Joseph, 16% of Lake Rosseua, and 17%of Lake Muskoka were developed shorelines (Brown, 1998). Shoreline development can have majordetrimental effects on water quality, fish habitat, fish populations, and ecosystem integrity (Hansen etal., 2005). It is estimated 72% of foraging fish species can be found within 2.5 metres from the shoreline23
Page 2 and 3: Valuing Fishing in the Southern Can
Page 4 and 5: equipment and this only begins to s
Page 6 and 7: largemouth bass proportion of 8% is
Page 9 and 10: 2.0 Healthy WatercoursesWhen analyz
Page 11 and 12: (11.8%), Largemouth Bass (1.6%), Sm
Page 13 and 14: that at $11.58 per fish any mercury
Page 16 and 17: 3.0 Fish Habitats and ShorelinesHea
Page 18 and 19: These various pollutants have negat
Page 22 and 23: (Brown, 1998). The threats imposed
Page 24 and 25: state. Information was recorded on
Page 27 and 28: 4.0: Native Aquatic BiodiversityIn
Page 31 and 32: native biodiversity in the region.
Page 33 and 34: 6.0: Summary TablesTable 1: Issues
Page 35 and 36: Table 3: Native Biodiversity and as
Page 37 and 38: Johnston T., Legget W., Bodaly R.,

Untitled - Haliburton County Community Cooperative Inc

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